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中国中医科学院 中药研究所,北京 100700
Received:18 February 2020,
Published Online:28 April 2020,
Published:20 November 2020
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刘静,陈莎,刘安.荷叶和莲子心“同源异效”的物质基础分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2020,26(22):131-139.
LIU Jing,CHEN Sha,LIU An.Material Basis Analysis of "Homologous and Different Effect" of Lotus Leaf and Lotus Plumule[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2020,26(22):131-139.
刘静,陈莎,刘安.荷叶和莲子心“同源异效”的物质基础分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2020,26(22):131-139. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20201548.
LIU Jing,CHEN Sha,LIU An.Material Basis Analysis of "Homologous and Different Effect" of Lotus Leaf and Lotus Plumule[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2020,26(22):131-139. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20201548.
目的
2
阐明影响同源药材荷叶和莲子心药效差异的关键活性物质,分析二者“同源异效”的物质基础。
方法
2
利用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS技术定性分析荷叶、乳汁(莲叶柄中的汁液)和莲子心中的主要生物碱类成分,选择Waters XBridge C
18
色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm),流动相0.1%氨水溶液(A)-乙腈(B)梯度洗脱(0~13 min,35%~60%B;13~20 min,60%~80%B;20~20.1 min,80%~95%B;20.1~25 min,95%B;25~25.1 min,95%~35%B;25.1~40 min,35%B),电喷雾离子源(ESI),正离子模式,质谱扫描范围
m
/
z
100~1 000,并对其主要生物碱进行代谢网络的构建。
结果
2
从荷叶中鉴定出了5种生物碱(
N
-去甲基荷叶碱,
O
-去甲基荷叶碱,番荔枝碱,荷叶碱和莲碱),从乳汁中鉴定出了6种生物碱(荷叶碱,norisoliensinine,6-hydroxynorisoliensinine,莲心碱,异莲心碱和甲基莲心碱)以及从莲子心中鉴定出了8种生物碱(莲心季铵碱,去甲基乌药碱,
N
-甲基乌药碱,原荷叶碱,
dl
-杏黄罂粟碱,莲心碱,异莲心碱和甲基莲心碱),构建了双苄基异喹啉类生物碱(莲心碱、异莲心碱和甲基莲心碱)以及阿朴啡类生物碱(荷叶碱,
N
-去甲基荷叶碱,
O
-去甲基荷叶碱,莲碱和番荔枝碱)等末端生物碱的生物合成通路。
结论
2
荷叶中荷叶碱等5种阿朴啡类生物碱和莲子心中莲心碱等3种双苄基异喹啉类生物碱是造成荷叶和莲子心“同源异效”的物质基础。荷叶和莲子心中生物碱的代谢来源于同一化合物(
S
)-
N
-甲基乌药碱,通过两类不同酶的作用进行两类生物碱的合成。合成的生物碱具有不同的结构,造成了不同组织间化学成分的差异,从而产生不同的药效。
Objective
2
To elucidate the key medicinal substances that cause the difference of efficacy between lotus leaf and lotus plumule, and to analyze their material basis of "homologous and different effect".
Method
2
UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS technique was used to identify the main alkaloids in lotus leaf, lotus latex (juice in lotus petiole) and lotus plumule, chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters XBridge C
18
column (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm), and gradient elution was performed with 0.1% ammonia aqueous solution (A)-acetonitrile (B) as mobile phase (0-13 min, 35%-60%B; 13-20 min, 60%-80%B; 20-20.1 min, 80%-95%B; 20.1-25 min, 95%B; 25-25.1min, 95%-35%B; 25.1-40 min, 35%B). Data acquisition was carried out in electrospray ionization (ESI) under the positive ion mode, the scanning range was
m
/
z
100-1 000. Besides, the metabolic network of the main alkaloids was constructed.
Result
2
A total of 5 alkaloids (
N
-nornuciferine,
O
-nornuciferine, anonaine, nuciferine and roemerine) were identified from lotus leaf, 6 alkaloids (nuciferine, norisoliensinine, 6-hydroxynorisoliensinine, liensinine, isoliensinine and neferine) in lotus latex, and 8 alkaloids (lotusine, norcoclaurine,
N
-methylcoclaurine, pronuciferine, armepavine, liensinine, isoliensinine and neferine) in lotus plumule. Also, the biosynthetic pathways of the terminal alkaloids of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids (liensinine, isoliensinine and neferine) and aporphine alkaloids (
N
-nornuciferine,
O
-nornuciferine, anonaine, nuciferine and roemerine) was conducted.
Conclusion
2
Five aporphine alkaloids in lotus leaf and three bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids in lotus plumule are the material basis for "homologous and different effect" of lotus leaf and lotus plumule. The metabolism of alkaloids in lotus leaf and lotus plumule is derived from the same compound of (
S
)-
N
-methylcoclaurine, and two types of alkaloids are synthesized through the action of two different enzymes. The synthetic alkaloids have different structures, resulting in different chemical composition between different tissues, thus producing different efficacy between lotus leaf and lotus plumule.
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