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中国中医科学院 中药研究所,北京 100700
Received:04 September 2020,
Published Online:25 September 2020,
Published:20 March 2021
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李慧杰,洪坤,李晓强等.雷公藤内酯酮的药理活性及其机制研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(06):234-240.
LI Hui-jie,HONG Kun,LI Xiao-qiang,et al.Research Progress on Pharmacological Activities and Mechanism of Triptonide[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(06):234-240.
李慧杰,洪坤,李晓强等.雷公藤内酯酮的药理活性及其机制研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(06):234-240. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20202423.
LI Hui-jie,HONG Kun,LI Xiao-qiang,et al.Research Progress on Pharmacological Activities and Mechanism of Triptonide[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(06):234-240. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20202423.
卫矛科植物雷公藤
Tripterygium wilfordii
的根部具有祛风除湿等功效,现多用于系统性红斑狼疮等疾病的治疗。雷公藤内酯酮是从雷公藤中提取出的二萜类小分子化合物。早期作为具有抗炎、抗生殖作用的潜力药物进行研究;近年来,研究人员发现其抗肿瘤作用尤为突出,通过不同的作用机制,在纳摩尔级别的剂量下即可抑制多种肿瘤生长,具有作为广谱抗癌天然药物研发的潜质。此外,由于直接从雷公藤中提取雷公藤内酯酮得率较低、且雷公藤内酯酮水溶性较差,使得其生物利用度较低、以及抗生殖作用是其作为抗肿瘤药物的主要毒副作用之一,探究其合成、制剂以及对其进行结构修饰,以降低成本、提高生物利用度以及在保持其药理活性的基础上降低毒副作用将成为研究热点。笔者查阅了国内外关于雷公藤内酯酮各方面的研究以及专利,并对其药理活性及作用机制进行归纳总结,发现现阶段对于雷公藤内酯酮的研究虽仍处于初步阶段,但自2014年以来,关于其抗肿瘤的作用机制研究逐年增多,该文着重介绍雷公藤内酯酮的抗肿瘤药理活性及其作用机制,并对其抗炎、免疫抑制、抗生殖等的药理作用,及其毒性、合成、结构修饰的现有研究进行简要综述,以期对其进一步开发研究提供参考。
The root of
Tripterygium wilfordii
has the effect in dispelling wind and eliminating dampness. Now it is mostly used in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus and other diseases. Triptonide is a diterpene small molecule compound extracted from
T. wilfordii
. In the early years, it was studied as a potential drug with anti-inflammatory and anti-reproductive effects. Recently, researchers found that its anti-tumor effect was particularly prominent because triptonide could inhibit the growth of a variety of tumors with different mechanisms at the nanomole dose, with a potential to be used as a broad-spectrum anti-cancer drug. In addition, due to the low yield from
T. wilfordii
, low bioavailability due to poor water solubility and anti-reproductive side effect as an antitumor drug, it will become study hotspots to exploring its synthesis and preparation and modifying its structure to reduce cost, improve bioavailability and reduce side effect, while maintaining its pharmacological activity. The authors reviewed domestic and foreign studies and patents on triptonide, and summarized its pharmacological activity and mechanism. It is found that although current studies on triptonide are still in the preliminary stage, there have been increasingly more studies on its anti-tumor mechanism year by year since 2014. This paper mainly introduces the antitumor pharmacological activity and mechanism of triptonide. In addition, it reviews anti-inflammatory, immunosuppression and anti-reproductive pharmacological effect of triptonide, as well as the existing studies on its toxicity, synthesis and structural modification. The authors put forward some personal ideas on its future study direction, in the hope to provide thinking and inspirations for other researchers and provide references for further development and research.
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