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河南中医药大学,河南省中医方证信号传导重点实验室/河南省中医方证信号传导国际联合实验室, 中医药科学院,郑州 450046
Received:08 September 2020,
Published Online:16 October 2020,
Published:05 May 2021
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赵雯宇,司富春,王文彬.葫芦素抗肿瘤作用研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(09):233-243.
ZHAO Wen-yu,SI Fu-chun,WANG Wen-bin.Research Progress on Anti-tumor Effect and Mechanism of Cucurbitacins[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(09):233-243.
赵雯宇,司富春,王文彬.葫芦素抗肿瘤作用研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(09):233-243. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20202463.
ZHAO Wen-yu,SI Fu-chun,WANG Wen-bin.Research Progress on Anti-tumor Effect and Mechanism of Cucurbitacins[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(09):233-243. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20202463.
癌症是全球主要的公共卫生问题,中国国家癌症中心的统计数据也表明癌症以逐年提升的发病率和死亡率成为威胁人类健康的重大疾病。癌症的发生发展机制复杂,涉及多阶段、多个基因及多条信号通路的异常,常规的放化疗及新兴的靶向治疗方法是肿瘤治疗的主要方式,但由于其毒副作用和耐药性的产生严重影响了患者的生活质量和持续有效的治疗效果,因此寻找安全有效的抗癌药物是全球关注的焦点
。
抗肿瘤植物药紫杉醇类、长春碱类、鬼臼素类、人参皂苷和多糖等的研发与应用给肿瘤治疗带来了新的希望。葫芦素是一种来源于中药葫芦科植物的高度氧化的四环三萜类化合物,药理作用广泛且机制复杂,在葫芦素家族中,目前针对葫芦素B,D,E,I抗肿瘤作用研究最多,已有大量研究证实,葫芦素B,D,E,I在治疗消化系统、呼吸系统、生殖系统、血液系统、泌尿系统等肿瘤疾病中发挥了重要作用,能够显著抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,而且在阻滞细胞周期、诱导细胞凋亡和自噬性死亡、抑制细胞迁移和侵袭、抑制肿瘤血管生成、调节活性氧的水平、调节免疫等方面作用显著,有望开发成为抗癌新药。基于当前国内外针对葫芦素抗多种肿瘤的作用及机制研究成果,笔者对葫芦素抗肿瘤作用研究进展进行了全方面综述,以期为葫芦素类抗肿瘤药物新药研发提供参考。
Cancer is a major global public health problem. Statistics from the national cancer center of China also show that cancer has become a major disease threatening human health with increasing morbidity and mortality. The occurrence and development mechanism of cancer is complex, involving multiple stages, multiple genes and multiple signaling pathways. Conventional chemoradiotherapy and emerging targeted therapy methods are the main methods in treatment of tumor. However, the quality of life of patients as well as the sustained and effective therapeutic effect are seriously affected due to the toxic side effects and drug resistance. Therefore, it is the global focus to find safe and effective anti-cancer drugs. The research and development and application of anti-cancer herbal medicines such as paclitaxel, vinblastine, podophyllin, ginsenoside and ginseng polysaccharide have brought new hope for the treatment of cancer. Cucurbitacine from Chinese medicine cucurbitaceae plantsare is a kind of highly oxidized tetracyclic triterpene compound with extensive pharmacological effects and complex mechanism. In the family of cucurbitacines, cucurbitin B, D, E and I have been studied most frequently on anticancer effect, and in a large number of studies, they have been found to play an important role in tumor diseases of the digestive system, respiratory system, reproductive system, blood system, urinary system and so on. With significant effect in inhibiting tumor cells proliferation, blocking the cell cycle, inducing apoptosis and autophagy death, inhibiting cell migration and invasion, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, regulating the levels of reactive oxygen species and regulating immune system, such cucurbitacins are expected to be developed as a new kind of anti-cancer drugs. The authors of this study aim to provide reference for the further research and development of new anti-cancer drugs about cucurbitines by summarizing the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of the cucurbitacins.
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