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黑龙江中医药大学,哈尔滨 150000
Received:06 October 2020,
Published Online:01 February 2021,
Published:05 April 2021
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姚欣卉,肖洪彬,卞敬琦等.丹参有效成分在治疗糖尿病及其并发症中的作用机制研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(07):209-218.
YAO Xin-hui,XIAO Hong-bin,BIAN Jing-qi,et al.New Progress in Mechanism of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in Treatment of Diabetes and Its Complications[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(07):209-218.
姚欣卉,肖洪彬,卞敬琦等.丹参有效成分在治疗糖尿病及其并发症中的作用机制研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(07):209-218. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20210401.
YAO Xin-hui,XIAO Hong-bin,BIAN Jing-qi,et al.New Progress in Mechanism of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in Treatment of Diabetes and Its Complications[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(07):209-218. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20210401.
糖尿病是严重威胁人类健康的世界性公共卫生问题。长期代谢紊乱可引起多系统损害,导致眼、肾、神经、心脏、血管等组织器官慢性进行性病变,功能减退及衰竭,是糖尿病后期多系统并发症和死亡的主要原因。低不良反应风险和新的治疗策略仍然是糖尿病临床治疗有待开发的领域。丹参是传统中医中常用的草药之一,主要功效为活血祛瘀,近年来人们发现丹参在降血糖及联合治疗糖尿病并发症方面有良好的表现,数据挖掘信息也表明活血化瘀药已经成为临床治疗糖尿病常用药味,而丹参使用频率更是排在首位,可见其疗效显著,而中药是复合成分、多靶点治疗,人们对其发挥治疗作用的有效成分愈加感兴趣并开展了广泛研究。文章总结了近年来实验验证的丹参提取物及其成分(丹参酮A,丹参酮B,丹参酮Ⅱ
A
,丹参酮Ⅰ,原儿茶醛,多糖,总多酚酸)在各种糖尿病模型中具有改善糖脂代谢,提升糖尿病患者心脏功能,缓解糖尿病引起的运动和感觉神经功能缺陷,预防糖尿病性视网膜病变的发生,恢复糖尿病合并的肝,肾结构和功能损伤,帮助胰岛抵抗高糖诱导的萎缩空泡化的潜力,其可能通过抑制高血糖导致血管损伤与多元醇途径激活、减少晚期糖基化终末产物形成增加、抑制蛋白激酶C途径激活及己糖胺通路激活、缓解高血糖时线粒体电子传递链过氧化物产生过量引起氧化应激从而发挥治疗作用,为临床应用提供借鉴。
Diabetes is a worldwide public health problem that seriously threats human health. Long-term metabolic disorders, as the main cause of multi-system complications and death in the later stage of diabetes, can cause multi-system damage, leading to chronic progressive lesions in the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, blood vessels and other tissues and organs, as well as functional decline and failure. The low risk of side effects and new treatment strategies remain an area to be explored in clinical treatment of diabetes. Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (SM) is one of the commonly used herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with the main effect of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis. In recent years, it has been found that SM shows good performance in lowering blood sugar and treating diabetes complications. Data mining information has also shown that the drugs of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis are now common drugs in clinical treatment of diabetes, and SM has the highest use frequency, with significant curative effect. In addition, TCM is a kind of treatment with composite components and multiple targets, and so people are increasingly interested in its effective components and carry out extensive researches. This article summarized the experimental verification of SM extract and its components (tanshinone A, tanshinone B, tanshinone Ⅱ
A
, tanshinone I, protocatechuic aldehyde, polysaccharide, and total polyphenol acid) in various diabetes models in improving glucolipid metabolism, improving heart function in patients with diabetes, alleviating the motor and sensory deficits caused by diabetes, preventing the occurence of the diabetic retinopathy, recovery of liver and kidney structure and function damage in diabetic patients, and helping to resist high sugar-induced atrophic cavitation potential. It may inhibit hyperglycemia-induced vascular injury with polyol pathway activation, reduce the formation of advanced glycation end products, inhibit protein kinase C pathway activation and hexosamine pathway activation, and alleviate oxidative stress caused by excessive production of peroxides in mitochondrial electron transport chain during hyperglycemia to play a role of treatment, and provide reference for clinical application.
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ZHANG W , ZHENG L , ZHANG Z , et al . Protective effect of a water-soluble polysaccharide from Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Bunge on insulin resistance in rats,2012 [J]. Carbohydr Polym , 2012 , 89 ( 3 ): 890 - 898 .
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