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1.成都中医药大学 药学院,成都 611137
2.成都大学 食品与生物工程学院,成都 610106
Received:17 December 2020,
Published Online:03 February 2021,
Published:20 August 2021
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吴亿晗,成颜芬,王迪等.葛根芩连汤三氯甲烷提取物缓解伊立替康所致肠毒性的作用机制分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(16):16-23.
WU Yi-han,CHENG Yan-fen,WANG Di,et al.Analysis of Mechanism of Chloroform Extract of Gegen Qinliantang on Alleviating Enterotoxicity Induced by Irinotecan[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(16):16-23.
吴亿晗,成颜芬,王迪等.葛根芩连汤三氯甲烷提取物缓解伊立替康所致肠毒性的作用机制分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(16):16-23. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20210577.
WU Yi-han,CHENG Yan-fen,WANG Di,et al.Analysis of Mechanism of Chloroform Extract of Gegen Qinliantang on Alleviating Enterotoxicity Induced by Irinotecan[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(16):16-23. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20210577.
目的
2
基于经典名方葛根芩连汤“解表清里、主协热下利”的功效,制备葛根芩连汤三氯甲烷提取物用于缓解伊立替康所致的肠毒性,为经典名方葛根芩连汤的开发与应用提供实验依据。
方法
2
60只小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、洛哌丁胺组(阳性药盐酸洛哌丁胺胶囊,0.4 mg·kg
-1
)和葛根芩连汤三氯甲烷提取物高、低剂量组(2.3,1.16 g·kg
-1
)。采用盐酸伊立替康(CPT-11,剂量55 mg·kg
-1
)连续4 d腹腔注射制备小鼠迟发性腹泻模型,正常组注射等体积生理盐水;分别在第5天灌胃给予相应药物,正常组和模型组给予相应体积蒸馏水,连续给药5 d。观察各组小鼠的一般情况,计算腹泻指数。运用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察小鼠结肠组织病理变化,按试剂盒说明书检测结肠组织中肿瘤坏死因子-
α
(TNF-
α
),白细胞介素-1
β
(IL-1
β
),环氧合酶-2(COX-2),细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),丙二醛(MDA),一氧化氮(NO)的含量。同时,采用蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测各组小鼠结肠组织的Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1(Keap1),核转录因子E
2
相关因子2(Nrf2),紧密连接蛋白-1(ZO-1),血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1),紧密连接蛋白(Occludin)表达情况。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组经腹腔注射CPT-11造模后小鼠体质量显著降低(
P
<
0.01),腹泻指数显著升高(
P
<
0.01),结肠组织中TNF-
α
,IL-1
β
,COX-2,ICAM-1,MDA,NO含量显著升高(
P
<
0.01),GSH-Px,SOD显著降低(
P
<
0.01);HE染色显示,模型组小鼠结肠可见大量炎性细胞,结肠黏膜可见缺损、肿胀、出血及炎性渗出;结肠组织Keap1,Nrf2,ZO-1,HO-1与Occludin蛋白表达水平均显著降低(
P
<
0.01)。与模型组比较,洛哌丁胺组和葛根芩连汤三氯甲烷提取物高、低剂量组可缓解小鼠体质量降低,且腹泻指数明显下降;TNF-
α
,IL-1
β
,COX-2,ICAM-1,MDA,NO水平降低,GSH-Px和SOD含量显著上升;HE染色显示,葛根芩连汤三氯甲烷提取物高、低剂量组细胞紧密排列,胞核清晰;结肠组织屏障功能相关蛋白Keap1,Nrf2,HO-1,Occludin,ZO-1表达升高。
结论
2
葛根芩连汤三氯甲烷提取物可能通过调节炎症及氧化应激来增强肠道屏障功能,进而缓解CPT-11所致迟发性腹泻,可为中药缓解化疗药物的毒副作用提供参考,并且为经典名方的开发提供依据。
Objective
2
Considering the efficacy of Gegen Qinliantang (GQT) in releasing exterior and clearing interior to alleviate dampness-heat dysentery, we analyzed the mechanism of the chloroform extract of GQT in alleviating enterotoxicity caused by irinotecan to provide an experimental basis for the development of GQT.
Method
2
Kunming mice (
n
=60) were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a loperamide group (positive drug of loperamide hydrochloride capsule, 0.4 mg·kg
-1
), and high- (2.3 g·kg
-1
) and low-dose (1.16 g·kg
-1
) GQT chloroform extract groups. The mouse model of delayed diarrhea was established by intraperitoneal injection of irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11, 55 mg·kg
-1
) for four consecutive days, meanwhile, the mice in the blank group only received the same volume of normal saline. Corresponding drugs were administered by gavage on the fifth day, respectively, while the ones in the blank group and model group were given distilled water for five consecutive days. The general condition of mice in each group was observed, and diarrhea indexes of mice were recorded. Pathological changes in colon tissues of mice were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-
α
, interleukin (IL)-1
β
, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in colon tissues were detected with the assay kits. Furthermore, the expression levels of Kelch sample epoxy chloropropane associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor E
2
related factor 2 (Nrf2), tight junction protein-1 (ZO-1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and tight junction protein (Occludin) were detected by Western blot.
Result
2
Compared with the blank group, the model group showed declined body weight and reduced contents of GSH-Px and SOD (
P
<
0.01), whereas increased diarrhea indexes and TNF-
α
, IL-1
β
, COX-2, ICAM-1, MDA and NO levels (
P
<
0.01). Abundant inflammatory cells and colonic mucosa with defects, swelling, bleeding, and inflammatory exudation were revealed by HE staining in the mice of the model group. The expression levels of Keap1, Nrf2, ZO-1, HO-1 and Occludin in colon tissues significantly declined (
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, the loperamide group and the high- and low-dose GQT chloroform extract groups exhibited improved weight loss, reduced diarrhea indexes, diminished TNF-
α
,
IL-1
β
, COX-2, ICAM-1, MDA and NO, and elevated GSH-Px and SOD. HE staining indicated that the cells were compactly arranged with clear nuclei in the high- and low-dose GQT chloroform extract groups, and the expression levels of Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, Occludin, and ZO-1 were up-regulated.
Conclusion
2
GQT chloroform extract may alleviate CPT-11-induced delayed diarrhea by regulating inflammation and oxidative stress for enhancing the intestinal barrier function. These findings are expected to provide a reference for exploring the toxicity-attenuating effect of Chinese medicinals on chemotherapy drugs and for developing famous classical formulas.
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