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成都中医药大学 附属医院,成都 610072
Received:03 September 2021,
Published Online:04 November 2021,
Published:05 January 2022
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周飘,杜全宇,王飞.益气活血类中药复方干预恶性肿瘤血行转移机制的研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(01):226-233.
ZHOU Piao,DU Quan-yu,WANG Fei.Mechanism of Chinese Herbal Compounds Capable of Invigorating Qi and Activating Blood in Intervention of Hematogenous Metastasis of Malignant Tumors: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(01):226-233.
周飘,杜全宇,王飞.益气活血类中药复方干预恶性肿瘤血行转移机制的研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(01):226-233. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220122.
ZHOU Piao,DU Quan-yu,WANG Fei.Mechanism of Chinese Herbal Compounds Capable of Invigorating Qi and Activating Blood in Intervention of Hematogenous Metastasis of Malignant Tumors: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(01):226-233. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220122.
转移是导致恶性肿瘤不良预后的主要原因,干预转移是恶性肿瘤治疗的关键举措。血行转移作为肿瘤转移途径中最为常见的方式,可归属于中医“传舍”范畴,气虚血瘀是其关键病机。中医药治疗恶性肿瘤强调邪正兼顾,且具有多靶点、多机制、多层次的作用优势。大量临床研究证据表明以益气活血立法的中药复方在延缓肿瘤疾病进程、延长患者生存期方面具有确切作用。基于血行转移在改善肿瘤预后方面的重要意义,越来越多的研究对益气活血类中药复方干预血行转移的作用及机制进行了探索。该文通过查阅国内外相关文献,对益气活血类中药复方干预恶性肿瘤血行转移的研究报道进行了归纳整理,并作简要概述,以期为临床应用益气活血法治疗恶性肿瘤提供理论依据。研究发现以益气活血立法的中药复方能够通过调控细胞黏附分子表达,抑制细胞外基质降解和新生血管生成,增强免疫杀伤作用,以及改善血液高凝、高黏状态等多种机制对血行转移过程中的多个关键步骤起到抑制作用。此外,益气与活血同用,方能契合恶性肿瘤气虚血瘀、本虚标实的病机本质,多项对比性研究结果表明益气活血同用的抗转移效果明显优于单用益气类或活血类药物,且能避免单独使用二者之一促进恶性肿瘤转移的可能风险。本研究发现可为当前临床应用中医药改善恶性肿瘤患者预后提供一定的参考。
Metastasis is the main cause of poor prognosis of malignant tumors, and intervention with metastasis is the key measure in the treatment of malignant tumors. Hematogenous metastasis, the most common tumor metastasis, falls into the category of "Chuanshe" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with Qi deficiency and blood stasis as the critical pathogenesis. In the fight against malignant tumors, TCM emphasizes the reinforcement of healthy Qi and the elimination of pathogenic factors, exhibiting its action advantages of multiple targets, multiple mechanisms, and multiple levels. Extensive clinical evidence has shown the exact efficacy of Chinese herbal compounds designed for invigorating Qi and activating blood in delaying the progression of tumor disease and prolonging the survival period of patients. In view of the important role of hematogenous metastasis in the prognosis of tumors, more and more studies have explored the effects and mechanisms of Chinese herbal compounds capable of invigorating Qi and activating blood in intervening in hematogenous metastasis. This paper summarized the relevant literature reports in China and abroad on the intervention of Chinese herbal compounds capable of invigorating Qi and activating blood in the hematogenous metastasis of malignant tumors, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Qi-invigorating and blood-activating therapy in the treatment of malignant tumors. It has been found that Chinese herbal compounds formulated for invigorating qi and activating blood are effective in hindering several key steps in hematogenous metastasis through various mechanisms, including regulating the expression of cell adhesion molecules, inhibiting extracellular matrix degradation and angiogenesis, enhancing the killing effect of immunity, and improving blood hypercoagulability and hyperviscosity. Furthermore, the combination of invigorating Qi and activating blood targets the pathogenesis essence (Qi deficiency and blood stasis, characterized by sthenia in origin and asthenia in superficiality) of malignant tumor much better. Some comparative studies have demonstrated that the anti-metastasis effect of Qi-invigorating and blood-activating therapy is significantly stronger than that of the Qi-invigorating or blood-activating therapy alone, and such combination avoids the possible risk of the metastasis of malignant tumors triggered by the use of either of them. This study has provided some reference for the current clinical application of TCM for improving the prognosis of malignant tumors.
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