TAN Yun-xia,JI Ke,LIU Fu-gui,et al.Anmeidan Improves Learning and Memory Ability of Sleep-deprived Rats by Regulating Astrocyte Activity[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(07):18-25.
TAN Yun-xia,JI Ke,LIU Fu-gui,et al.Anmeidan Improves Learning and Memory Ability of Sleep-deprived Rats by Regulating Astrocyte Activity[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(07):18-25. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220202.
Anmeidan Improves Learning and Memory Ability of Sleep-deprived Rats by Regulating Astrocyte Activity
To explore the effect of Anmeidan (AMD) on the learning and memory ability of sleep-deprived rats and the mechanism.
Method
2
A total of 50 SD rats were randomized into control group, model group, low-dose AMD group (4.55 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
), high-dose AMD group (18.18 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
), and estazolam group (0.09 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
). Insomnia was induced in rats with the self-made sleep deprivation box (21 days). The learning and memory ability of rats was measured by Morris water maze. Immunofluorescence method was employed to detect the number of cells expressing N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in hippocampus of rats, real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) to determine the mRNA expression of hippocampal NDRG2, glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1), and GluNR2A and GluNR2B
N
-methyl-
D
-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits, and Western blot to examine the protein expression of NDRG2 and GLT-1 in hippocampus.
Result
2
Compared with control group, the model group showed increase in the latency to reach the platform and total swimming distance, significant decrease in the total distance moved in the target quadrant, time in target quadrant, and times of crossing the platform (
P
<
0.01), rise in the number of cells expressing NDRG2 and GFAP in the hippocampal CA1 region (
P
<
0.01) and the mRNA level of NDRG2 and GluNR2B, reduction in the mRNA level of GLT-1 and GluNR2A, elevation in NDRG2 protein expression (
P
<
0.01), and decrease in GLT-1 protein expression (
P
<
0.01). In contrast to the model group, low-dose and high-dose AMD improved the learning and memory levels of sleep-deprived rats (
P
<
0.01), reduced the number of cells expressing NDRG2 and GFAP (
P
<
0.01), significantly decreased the mRNA expression of NDRG2 and GluNR2B, increased the mRNA expression of GLT-1 and GluNR2A, reduced NDRG2 protein level (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and raised GLT-1 protein level (
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
AMD can improve the learning and memory ability of sleep-deprived rats. The mechanism is the likelihood that it regulates astrocyte activity, thereby affecting the neurotransmitter level and synaptic plasticity in the brain.
MCCARTER S J , ST LOUIS E K , BOEVE B F . Sleep disturbances in frontotemporal dementia [J]. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep , 2016 , 16 ( 9 ): 85 .
KUSZTOR A , RAUD L , JUEL B E , et al . Sleep deprivation differentially affects subcomponents of cognitive control [J]. Sleep , 2019 , 42 ( 4 ): 75 - 83 .
COUSINS J N , FEMANDEZ G . The impact of sleep deprivation on declarative memory [J]. Prog Brain Res , 2019 , 246 ( 5 ): 27 - 53 .
MOLDAVAN M , CRAVETCHI O , WILLIAMS M , et al . Localization and expression of GABA transporters in the suprachiasmatic nucleus [J]. Eur J Neurosci , 2015 , 42 ( 12 ): 3018 - 3032 .
FERREIRA L B T , OLIVEIRA S L B , RAYA J , et al . Bombesin administration impairs memory and does not reverse memory deficit caused by sleep deprivation [J]. Behav Brain Res , 2017 , 331 ( 7 ): 20 - 24 .
BAEZ M V , CERCATO M C , JERUSALINSKY D A . NMDA receptor subunits change after synaptic plasticity induction and learning and memory acquisition [J]. Neural Plast , 2018 , 5 ( 9 ): 3011 - 3048 .
HUANG Y , SHEN W , SU J , et al . Modulating the balance of synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDA receptors shows positive effects against amyloid- β -induced neurotoxicity [J]. J Alzheimers Dis , 2017 , 57 ( 3 ): 885 - 897 .
GARCIA-ESPARCIA P , DIAZ-LUCENA D , AINCIBURU M , et al . Glutamate transporter GLT1 expression in Alzheimer disease and dementia with lewy bodies [J]. Front Aging Neurosci , 2018 , 10 ( 3 ): 122 .
TAKARADA-IEMATA M , KEZUKA D , TAKEICHI T , et al . Deletion of N -myc downstream-regulated gene 2 attenuates reactive astrogliosis and inflammatory response in a mouse model of cortical stab injury [J]. J Neurochem , 2014 , 130 ( 3 ): 374 - 387 .
ZHANG Z , MA Z , ZOU W , et al . N -myc downstream-regulated gene 2 controls astrocyte morphology via Rho-GTPase signaling [J]. J Cell Physiol , 2019 , 234 ( 11 ): 20847 - 20858 .
Improved Learning and Memory in Sleep-deprived Mice by Anmeidan via Cellular Autophagy Regulation Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Effect of Anmeidan in Improving Learning and Memory Levels of Sleep Deprived Rats Through Mitochondrial Mediated Hippocampal Neuronal Apoptosis
Protective Effect and Mechanism of Anmeidan against Neuronal Damage in Rat Model of Sleep Deprivation Based on Hippocampal Neuroinflammation
Mechanism of Anmeidan in Improving Learning and Memory in Insomnia Model Rats by Mediating Immunoinflammation via cGAS/STING Signaling Pathway
Related Author
LIU Huizhen
ZHANG Yini
CHEN Yumeng
XIAO Chunfeng
ZHANG Xuesong
WANG Ping
Guang-jing XIE
Bo XU
Related Institution
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine
Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine
School of Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine