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南京中医药大学 药学院,南京 210023
Received:23 November 2021,
Published Online:14 January 2022,
Published:20 March 2022
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吴沁航,朱丽文,陈子慧等.基于网络药理学及实验验证探析雷公藤治疗三阴性乳腺癌的分子机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(06):131-141.
WU Qin-hang,ZHU Li-wen,CHEN Zi-hui,et al.Mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii in Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(06):131-141.
吴沁航,朱丽文,陈子慧等.基于网络药理学及实验验证探析雷公藤治疗三阴性乳腺癌的分子机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(06):131-141. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220625.
WU Qin-hang,ZHU Li-wen,CHEN Zi-hui,et al.Mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii in Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(06):131-141. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220625.
目的
2
利用网络药理学预测雷公藤治疗三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)的有效成分、靶点及相关信号通路,体外细胞模型验证其分子机制。
方法
2
通过中药系统药理数据库(TCMSP)筛选雷公藤活性成分;疾病相关基因与突变位点数据库(DisGeNET)和基因数据库(GeneCards)获取TNBC疾病靶点;Venny平台整合雷公藤治疗TNBC的潜在靶点;String 数据库构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络;DAVID数据库进行基因本体(GO)功能注释和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析;AutoDock Vina对雷公藤甲素与核心靶点进行分子对接;噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测雷公藤甲素(0、5、10、20、30、40、50、60、80 nmol·L
-1
)对MDA-MB-231细胞的增殖抑制活性;Hoechst 33342染色法分析雷公藤甲素(0、12.5、25、50 nmol·L
-1
)诱导MDA-MB-231细胞凋亡;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测雷公藤甲素(0、25、50 nmol·L
-1
)对关键靶点的表达调控。
结果
2
预测结果显示雷公藤23个活性成分对应55个TNBC作用靶点,靶点共涉及生物过程103种,细胞组成15种,分子功能35种,参与脂质与动脉粥样硬化、细胞凋亡等细胞信号通路140条;雷公藤甲素与核心靶点蛋白激酶B1(Akt1)、血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)、细胞肿瘤抗原p53(p53)、转录因子AP-1(JUN)、信号转导及转录激活因子3(STAT3)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶8(MAPK8)、前列腺素G/H合成酶2(PTGS2)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)的对接结合活性较高;MTT比色法结果表明,与空白组比较,雷公藤甲素(20、30、40、50、60、80 nmol·L
-1
)能明显抑制三阴性乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231的增殖(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);Hoechst 33342染色结果显示,与空白组比较,雷公藤甲素(12.5、25、50 nmol·L
-1
)MDA-MB-231细胞凋亡率升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);Western blot实验表明,与空白组比较,雷公藤甲素(50 nmol·L
-1
)作用后细胞中p-Akt、VEGFA和TNF-
α
相对表达水平降低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),雷公藤甲素(25、50 nmol·L
-1
)组p53相对表达水平升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),呈浓度依赖性。
结论
2
雷公藤治疗TNBC具有多成分、多靶点、多通路的特点,其机制与调节p53、VEGFA、TNF-
α
等靶点,进而诱导细胞凋亡、抑制血管生成及炎症反应等有关,为后续深入基础研究及临床应用提供了科学依据。
Objective
2
To explore the active ingredients, therapeutic targets, and relative signaling pathways of
Tripterygium wilfordii
in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) based on network pharmacology, and to verify the mechanism through
in vitro
cell model.
Method
2
The active ingredients of
T. wilfordii
were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The targets of TNBC were obtained from DisGeNET and GeneCards. Venny was used to identify the potential therapeutic targets of
T. wilfordii
against TNBC. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with String database. Gene ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were carried out with DAVID to predict the mechanisms of potential targets. The molecular docking between triptolide and key targets were performed with AutoDock Vina. The effect of triptolide (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80 nmol·L
-1
) on the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells was determined through methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The effect of triptolide (0, 12.5, 25, 50 nmol·L
-1
) on the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells was detected with Hoechst 33342 staining. Western blot was performed to detect the effect of triptolide (0, 25, 50 nmol·L
-1
) on the expression levels of key targets.
Result
2
T. wilfordii
had 23 active ingredients related to 55 potential targets of TNBC. GO and KEGG enrichment revealed that the potential targets were associated with 103 biological processes, 15 cellular components, and 35 molecular functions, and were involved in 140 signaling pathways including atherosclerosis and apoptosis. The results of molecular docking demonstrated that triptolide could bind with the targets including threonine kinase 1 (Akt1), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53), transcription factor AP-1 (JUN), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8), prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2), and Caspase-3. According to the results of MTT assay, triptolide (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80 nmol·L
-1
) inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells compared with blank control (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). Hoechst 33342 staining showed that triptolide (12, 25, 50 nmol·L
-1
) induced the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells compared with black control (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). Western blot showcased that 50 nmol·L
-1
triptolide down-regulated the relative expression levels of p-Akt, TNF-
α
, and VEGFA, while 25 and 50 nmol·L
-1
triptolide up-regulated the relative expression level of p53 in a dose-dependent manner compared with the blank control (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
T. wilfordii
has multiple ingredients, targets, and pathways in the treatment of TNBC. It may regulate p53, VEGFA, TNF-
α
and other key targets to induce cell apoptosis and suppress angiogenesis and inflammatory response, which provides a scientific basis for the further investigation and clinical application of
T. wilfordii
.
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