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1.湖北中医药大学,武汉 430065
2.湖北省中医院,武汉 430061
3.秭归县中医医院,湖北 宜昌 443600
Received:12 October 2021,
Published Online:20 January 2022,
Published:20 March 2022
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周剑杰,谭子虎,杨哲等.加减薯蓣丸介导线粒体自噬改善APP/PS1小鼠氧化应激损伤及学习记忆能力[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(06):43-53.
ZHOU Jian-jie,TAN Zi-hu,YANG Zhe,et al.Modified Shuyuwan Mediated Mitochondrial Autophagy Improve APP/PS1 Mice Oxidative Stress Injury and Ability of Learning and Memory[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(06):43-53.
周剑杰,谭子虎,杨哲等.加减薯蓣丸介导线粒体自噬改善APP/PS1小鼠氧化应激损伤及学习记忆能力[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(06):43-53. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220638.
ZHOU Jian-jie,TAN Zi-hu,YANG Zhe,et al.Modified Shuyuwan Mediated Mitochondrial Autophagy Improve APP/PS1 Mice Oxidative Stress Injury and Ability of Learning and Memory[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(06):43-53. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220638.
目的
2
探讨加减薯蓣丸对阿尔茨海默病(AD)小鼠学习记忆能力减退的作用及相关机制。
方法
2
将40只5月龄SPF级APP/PS1小鼠随机分为模型组、多奈哌齐组、加减薯蓣丸组、加减薯蓣丸+氯喹(CQ)组,每组10只,同背景野生型C57BL/6J小鼠10只设定为正常组。其中加减薯蓣丸组予以加减薯蓣丸煎剂(10 g·kg
-1
)灌胃,多奈哌齐组予以盐酸多奈哌齐溶液(0.45 mg·kg
-1
)灌胃,加减薯蓣丸+CQ组则在加减薯蓣丸组基础上予以CQ(10 mg·kg
-1
)腹腔注射1次,与灌胃同时进行,正常组与模型组予以等量生理盐水灌胃,1次/d,共35 d。给药结束后,Morris水迷宫实验和新物体识别实验检测小鼠空间记忆能力;原位末端标记法(TUNEL)染色检测小鼠海马CA1神经元凋亡水平;生化检测小鼠海马神经元活性氧(ROS)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平;透射电镜观察小鼠海马CA1区神经元线粒体超微结构;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测小鼠海马线粒体自噬接头蛋白(p62)、微管相关蛋白1轻链3Ⅱ(LC3Ⅱ)、PTEN诱导激酶1(PINK1)、E3泛素连接酶(Parkin)蛋白表达水平;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测小鼠海马线粒体叉头状转录因子O1(FoxO1)、PINK1、Parkin mRNA表达水平。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组小鼠逃避潜伏期明显增长,穿越平台次数及目标象限滞留时间占比明显减少,相对分辨指数明显降低,识别新物体能力减弱(
P
<
0.05);海马CA1区神经元凋亡细胞明显增多(
P
<
0.05);ROS水平显著升高(
P
<
0.01),SOD水平显著降低(
P
<
0.01);海马线粒体形态严重损伤;p62、LC3Ⅱ蛋白表达显著增多(
P
<
0.01),Parkin蛋白表达明显减少(
P
<
0.05),PINK1蛋白表达增多(
P
<
0.05);FoxO1、PINK1、Parkin mRNA表达均减少(
P
<
0.05)。与模型组比较,经加减薯蓣丸干预后小鼠逃避潜伏期明显缩短,穿越平台次数及目标象限滞留时间占比明显增多,相对分辨指数显著升高,识别新物体能力增强(
P
<
0.05);凋亡细胞明显减少(
P
<
0.05);ROS水平显著降低(
P
<
0.01),SOD水平明显升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);线粒体形态及各结构改善明显;p62、LC3Ⅱ蛋白表达明显减少(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),PINK1、Parkin蛋白表达增多(
P
<
0.01);FoxO1、PINK1、Parkin mRNA表达明显升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。与加减薯蓣丸组比较,加减薯蓣丸+CQ组小鼠逃避潜伏期明显增长,穿越平台次数及目标象限滞留时间占比减少,相对分辨指数减少(
P
<
0.05);SOD水平明显降低(
P
<
0.01);线粒体形态结构损伤度再次加重;p62、LC3Ⅱ蛋白表达明显增多(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),PINK1、Parkin表达明显减少(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);FoxO1、PINK1、Parkin mRNA表达明显减低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
加减薯蓣丸能有效改善AD小鼠氧化应激损伤及学习记忆能力,其机制可能与上调FoxO1,PINK1,Parkin因子的表达,促进线粒体自噬,减轻氧化应激反应,保护神经元损伤有关。
Objective
2
To explore the effects and related mechanisms of modified Shuyuwan on the decline of learning and memory in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice.
Method
2
Forty 5-month-old SPF APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into model group, Donepezil group, modified Shuyuwan group, modified Shuyuwan+ chloroquine (CQ) group, 10 mice in each group, the same background wild type C57BL/6J ten mice were set as the normal group. Among them, the modified Shuyuwan group was given the modified Shuyuwan decoction (10 g·kg
-1
), the Donepezil group was given the Donepezil hydrochloride solution (0.45 mg·kg
-1
), the modified Shuyuwan + CQ group was CQ (10 mg·kg
-1
) was injected intraperitoneally on the basis of the modified Shuyuwan group, and the normal group and the model group were given the same amount of normal saline intragastrically, once a day, for a total of 35 days. After the administration, Morris water maze experiment and new object recognition experiment to detect the spatial memory ability of mice. TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling(TUNEL) staining to detect the apoptosis level of mouse hippocampal CA1 neurons, biochemical detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide in mouse hippocampal neurons dismutase (SOD) levels. transmission electron microscopy to observe the ultrastructure of neuronal mitochondria in the CA1 region of mouse hippocampus. Western blot to detect mouse hippocampal mitochondrial autophagy adaptor protein (p62) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ (LC3Ⅱ), PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), E3 Ubiquitin Ligase(Parkin)protein expression level. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR) detection of mouse hippocampal mitochondrial forkhead transcription factor O1 (FoxO1), PINK1, Parkin mRNA expression level.
Result
2
Compared with the normal group, the escape latency of the model group mice increased significantly, the number of crossing platforms and the retention time in the target quadrant decreased significantly, the relative resolution index decreased significantly, and the ability to recognize new objects was weakened (
P
<
0.05), neurons in the hippocampus CA1 area decreased. The number of dead cells increased significantly (
P
<
0.05), the level of ROS was significantly increased (
P
<
0.01), and the level of SOD was significantly decreased (
P
<
0.01), the morphology of hippocampal mitochondria was severely damaged, the expression of p62 and LC3Ⅱ proteins increased (
P
<
0.01), Parkin protein expression decreased (
P
<
0.05), and PINK1 protein expression increased (
P
<
0.05), FoxO1, PINK1, Parkin mRNA expressions all decreased (
P
<
0.05). Compared with the model group, the mice's escape latency was significantly shortened after the intervention of the modified Shuyuwan, the number of crossing platforms and the proportion of residence time in the target quadrant increased significantly, the relative resolution index increased significantly, and the ability to identify new objects was enhanced (
P
<
0.05). Apoptotic cells were significantly reduced (
P
<
0.05). ROS levels were significantly reduced (
P
<
0.01), and SOD levels were significantly increased (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), mitochondrial morphology and various structures were significantly improved, p62, LC3Ⅱ protein expression decrease (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), PINK1, Parkin protein expression increased (
P
<
0.01). FoxO1, PINK1, Parkin mRNA expression increased (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). Compared with the modified Shuyuwan group, the evasion latency of mice in the modified Shuyuwan + CQ group increased significantly, the number of crossing platforms and the proportion of residence time in the target quadrant decreased, and the relative resolution index decreased (
P
<
0.05), the SOD level was significantly reduced (
P
<
0.01). The damage of mitochondrial morphology and structure increased again, the expression of p62 and LC3Ⅱ protein increased (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and the expression of PINK1 and Parkin decreased significantly(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). FoxO1, PINK1, and Parkin mRNA expression was significantly reduced (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
Modified Shuyuwan can effectively improve the oxidative stress damage and learning and memory ability of AD mice. The mechanism may be related to up-regulating the expression of FoxO1, PINK1, and Parkin factors, promoting mitochondrial autophagy, reducing oxidative stress, and protecting neuronal damage.
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