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江西中医药大学 附属医院,南昌 330006
Received:06 December 2021,
Published Online:29 January 2022,
Published:05 June 2022
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伍振辉,刘凡,曾英坚.自噬与肿瘤免疫逃逸相关性及中药干预研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(11):246-255.
WU Zhen-hui,LIU Fan,ZENG Ying-jian.Correlation of Autophagy with Tumor Immune Escape and Intervention with Chinese Medicine: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(11):246-255.
伍振辉,刘凡,曾英坚.自噬与肿瘤免疫逃逸相关性及中药干预研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(11):246-255. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220726.
WU Zhen-hui,LIU Fan,ZENG Ying-jian.Correlation of Autophagy with Tumor Immune Escape and Intervention with Chinese Medicine: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(11):246-255. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220726.
自噬与肿瘤免疫逃逸作为肿瘤细胞增殖与转移过程中重要的生物学机制,涉及多个信号通路,二者交互作用严重影响肿瘤疾病的治疗与预后,但自噬与肿瘤免疫逃逸的相关性目前仍未完全阐明。近年来研究表明自噬可通过调节肿瘤细胞内抗原的呈递、细胞因子的释放及免疫检查点蛋白的降解影响免疫细胞活性,进而正向或负向调节肿瘤细胞免疫逃逸。肿瘤细胞中的自噬激活可通过抑制干扰素基因刺激蛋白(STING)-Ⅰ型干扰素(IFN-Ⅰ)先天免疫传感途径的激活来抑制其免疫原性并抑制细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)的扩增,促进肿瘤免疫逃逸;而自噬抑制则可通过降低M2型巨噬细胞浸润,促进自然杀伤细胞家族2成员D(NKG2D)与其配体结合,抑制免疫检查点蛋白的识别,从而发挥免疫杀伤作用,抑制肿瘤免疫逃逸。中医药在抗肿瘤研究方面具有独特优势,尤其是在单方面调节自噬或者改善肿瘤免疫层面已有系统研究,而关于中医药调控“自噬与肿瘤免疫”的研究基础较为薄弱。少量研究表明,中药单体及中药复方可通过调节细胞自噬,进而干预肿瘤免疫逃逸来发挥抗肿瘤作用,但仍缺少系统阐述。该文通过对自噬与肿瘤免疫逃逸相关性、中药调控自噬干预肿瘤免疫逃逸等方面进行综述,旨在为中医药抗肿瘤疾病的机制研究及中医药治疗肿瘤的创新药物研发提供新思路。
Autophagy and tumor immune escape are important biological mechanisms in the process of tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, involving multiple signaling pathways. The interaction of autophagy and tumor immune escape seriously affects the treatment and prognosis of tumor diseases. However, the correlation between autophagy and tumor immune escape is still not fully elucidated. Recent studies have shown that autophagy can affect the activity of immune cells by regulating the presentation of antigens in tumor cells, the release of cytokines, and the degradation of immune checkpoint proteins, thereby positively or negatively regulating tumor cell immune escape. The activation of autophagy in tumor cells can inhibit the activation of the innate immune sensing pathway of stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-type Ⅰ interferon (IFN-Ⅰ) to inhibit its immunogenicity and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which promotes tumor immune escape. While autophagy suppression can reduce the infiltration of M2 macrophages, promote the binding of natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) to its ligand, and inhibit the recognition of immune checkpoint proteins, thereby exerting an immune-killing effect and inhibiting tumor immune escape. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in anti-tumor research, especially in the unilateral regulation of autophagy or improvement of tumor immunity, but the research based on the regulation of autophagy and tumor immunity by TCM is insufficient. A few studies have shown that Chinese medicine monomers and compounds can exert an anti-tumor effect by regulating cell autophagy and interfering with tumor immune escape, but there is still a lack of systematic elaboration. The present study reviewed correlation between autophagy and tumor immune escape and regulation of autophagy by Chinese medicine to interfere with tumor immune escape to provide new ideas for research on mechanism of TCM against tumor diseases and development of innovative TCM drugs against tumors.
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