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河南中医药大学 中医药科学院,郑州 450046
Received:15 December 2021,
Published Online:11 February 2022,
Published:20 August 2022
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贾亚泉,宋军营,袁永等.六味地黄丸通过RAGE/LRP1受体介导对SAMP8小鼠脑微血管的调节作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(16):9-18.
JIA Yaquan,SONG Junying,YUAN Yong,et al.Liuwei Dihuangwan Regulate Brain Microvessels in SAMP8 Mice Through RAGE/LRP1 Receptors[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(16):9-18.
贾亚泉,宋军营,袁永等.六味地黄丸通过RAGE/LRP1受体介导对SAMP8小鼠脑微血管的调节作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(16):9-18. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220804.
JIA Yaquan,SONG Junying,YUAN Yong,et al.Liuwei Dihuangwan Regulate Brain Microvessels in SAMP8 Mice Through RAGE/LRP1 Receptors[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(16):9-18. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220804.
目的
2
探讨六味地黄丸对SAMP8小鼠神经血管单元损伤的保护作用。
方法
2
将75只6月龄SAMP8小鼠作为肾精不足证阿尔茨海默病(AD)动物模型,设模型组、盐酸多奈哌齐(0.747 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
)组、六味地黄丸高、中、低剂量(2.700、1.350、0.675 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
)组,每组15只,以SAMR1小鼠15只作为正常组,连续给药2个月。采用Morris水迷宫检测小鼠空间记忆能力;苏木素-伊红(HE)观察脑组织海马和皮层病理变化;免疫组化(IHC)法检测脑组织海马和皮层中
β
淀粉样蛋白(A
β
)沉积情况及血管性血友病因子(vWF)和CD34表达情况;电镜观察脑微血管超微结构变化情况;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测脑组织海马和皮层中晚期糖基化终末产物受体(RAGE)、低密度脂蛋白相关蛋白1(LRP1)、血管内皮生长因子A(VEGF-A)和P-选择素(P-selection)蛋白表达水平。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组小鼠逃避潜伏期、游泳路程显著延长(
P
<
0.01),神经胶质细胞数量增多,神经细胞数量减少,脑微血管内皮细胞间隙紧密连接模糊或间隙变大,膜结构损伤较重,内皮细胞线粒体肿胀、膜破裂、嵴大部分溶解,海马和皮层组织中A
β
、vWF蛋白表达显著增加(
P
<
0.01),CD34蛋白表达明显降低(
P
<
0.05),皮层中RAGE和P-selection蛋白表达水平显著升高(
P
<
0.01),LRP1和VEGF-A蛋白表达水平显著下降(
P
<
0.01);与模型组比较,六味地黄丸各剂量组小鼠逃避潜伏期、游泳路程均明显缩短(
P
<
0.05),皮层和海马中神经胶质细胞数量减少明显,皮层中微血管数量增多明显,微血管内皮细胞间隙紧密连接双层膜结构较清晰,线粒体数量增多、膜完整、线粒嵴恢复,海马和皮层中A
β
、vWF、RAGE和P-selection蛋白表达明显降低(
P
<
0.05),CD34、LRP1和VEGF-A蛋白表达明显升高(
P
<
0.05)。
结论
2
六味地黄丸能够通过RAGE/LRP1受体系统调节A
β
代谢,通过抑制vWF表达和增加VEGF-A和CD34促进脑微血管新生,改善SAMP8小鼠脑微血管损伤。
Objective
2
To investigate the protective effect of Liuwei Dihuangwan on neurovascular injury in SAMP8 mice.
Method
2
The Alzheimer's disease (AD) model with insufficiency of kidney essence was induced in 75 SAMP8 mice aging 6 months. The model mice were divided into model group, positive control group (donepezil hydrochloride, 0.747 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
), and high-, medium-, and low-dose Liuwei Dihuangwan groups (2.700, 1.350, 0.675 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
), with 15 mice in each group. Fifteen SAMR1 mice were assigned to a normal control group. All mice were administered continuously for 2 months. The spatial memory of mice was tested by the Morris water maze. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes in the hippocampus and cortex of brain tissues. The immunohistochemical method (IHC) was used to detect the deposition of amyloid
β
-protein (A
β
) and the expression of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and CD34 in the hippocampus and cortex of brain tissues. Electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructural changes in cerebral microvessels. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of the receptor of advanced glycation endproduct (RAGE), low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), and P-selection in the hippocampus and cortex of brain tissues.
Result
2
Compared with the normal control group, the model group showed prolonged escape latency and swimming distance (
P
<
0.01), increased number of glial cells, decreased number of nerve cells, blurred tight junctions or enlarged gap of the brain microvascular endothelial cells, severely injured membrane structure, swollen mitochondria of endothelial cells, ruptured membrane, massive dissolution in cristae, increased protein expression of A
β
and vWF in the hippocampus and cortex (
P
<
0.01), reduced protein expression of CD34 (
P
<
0.05), elevated protein expression of RAGE and P-selection in the cortex (
P
<
0.01), and decreased protein expression level of LRP1 and VEGF-A (
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, the Liuwei Dihuangwan groups showed shortened escape latency and swimming distance (
P
<
0.05), reduced number of glial cells in the cortex and hippocampus, increased number of microvessels in the cortex, clear double-layer membrane structure in tight junctions between the microvascular endothelial cells, increased number of mitochondria with intact membrane and recovered mitochondrial cristae, decreased protein expression of A
β
, vWF, RAGE, and P-selection in the hippocampus and cortex (
P
<
0.05), and increased protein expression of CD34, LRP1, and VEGF-A (
P
<
0.05).
Conclusion
2
Liuwei Dihuangwan can regulate A
β
metabolism through the RAGE/LRP1 receptor system and promote cerebral microvascular angiogenesis by inhibiting vWF expression and increasing VEGF-A and CD34, thereby improving cerebral microvascular injury in SAMP8 mice.
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