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1.北京中医药大学 中医学院,北京 100029
2.北京中医药大学 北京中医药研究院,北京 100029
3.国家中医药管理局名医名方重点研究室,北京 100029
Received:10 November 2021,
Published Online:16 February 2022,
Published:05 June 2022
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胡语杰,徐砚通,高健等.益肾生精方治疗少弱精子症的药效评价及作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(11):93-101.
HU Yu-jie,XU Yan-tong,GAO Jian,et al.Efficacy and Mechanism of Yishen Shengjing Prescription in Treatment of Oligoasthenospermia[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(11):93-101.
胡语杰,徐砚通,高健等.益肾生精方治疗少弱精子症的药效评价及作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(11):93-101. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220824.
HU Yu-jie,XU Yan-tong,GAO Jian,et al.Efficacy and Mechanism of Yishen Shengjing Prescription in Treatment of Oligoasthenospermia[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(11):93-101. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220824.
目的
2
采用环磷酰胺致大鼠少弱精子症模型,研究益肾生精方对少弱精子症的治疗作用及作用机制。
方法
2
随机选取8只SD雄性大鼠为正常组,其余大鼠连续5 d腹腔注射环磷酰胺(35 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
)制备大鼠少弱精子症模型,而后随机分为模型组、益肾生精方低、中、高剂量组(2.91、5.83、11.66 g·kg
-1
),五子衍宗丸组(1.03 g·kg
-1
),左卡尼汀组(0.17 g·kg
-1
),每组8只。药物干预28 d后,记录大鼠体质量、睾丸质量和指数;采用计算机辅助精子分析(CASA)系统检测附睾中精子质量;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察睾丸组织形态;比色法检测睾丸组织中丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平;酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测血清中卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、睾酮(T)的水平;原位末端标志法(TUNEL)检测睾丸组织中细胞的凋亡情况;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测睾丸组织中B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、活化的胱天蛋白酶-3(cleaved Caspase-3)蛋白表达水平。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组大鼠体质量、睾丸质量和指数、精子浓度和活力显著降低(
P
<
0.01),睾丸病理评分显著升高(
P
<
0.01);与模型组比较,益肾生精方中、高剂量组、五子衍宗丸组和左卡尼汀组可提高体质量、睾丸质量和指数,并提高精子浓度和活力;降低睾丸病理评分。氧化应激水平检测结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠睾丸组织中SOD水平显著降低(
P
<
0.01),MDA水平显著升高(
P
<
0.01);与模型组比较,益肾生精方高剂量组、五子衍宗丸组和左卡尼汀组可以明显提高SOD活性,降低MDA水平(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。血清激素水平检测结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组T水平显著降低(
P
<
0.01),FSH和LH水平显著升高(
P
<
0.01);与模型组比较,益肾生精方组、五子衍宗丸组和左卡尼汀组可以显著提高T水平(
P
<
0.01),降低LH水平(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。TUNEL结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组生精细胞凋亡率显著增加(
P
<
0.01);与模型组比较,益肾生精方中剂量组、五子衍宗丸组和左卡尼汀组可显著降低凋亡率(
P
<
0.01)。Western blot结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组Bcl-2蛋白水平明显降低(
P
<
0.05)、Bax和cleaved Caspase-3蛋白水平明显升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);益肾生精方高剂量组、五子衍宗丸组和左卡尼汀组可以明显升高Bcl-2蛋白水平,降低cleaved Caspase-3蛋白水平(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
益肾生精方可改善少弱精子症模型大鼠的精子质量,其机制可能与抗氧化、调节性激素水平以及抑制生精细胞凋亡等多个途径有关。
Objective
2
We aimed to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Yishen Shengjing Prescription (YSP) in the treatment of oligoasthenospermia in rats.
Method
2
The oligoasthenospermia rat model was established by injection with cyclophosphamide (35 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
) for 5 consecutive days. Rats were randomly assigned into control group (without treating with cyclophosphamide), model group, low- (YSP-L), medium- (YSP-M), and high- (YSP-H) dose (2.91, 5.83, and 11.66 g·kg
-1
, respectively) groups, Wuzi Yanzongwan (WYW, 1.03 g·kg
-1
) group, and L-carnitine (0.17 g·kg
-1
) group, with 8 rats in each group. After 28 days of drug intervention, the body weight, testicular weight, and testicular index of rats were recorded. The sperm quality in epididymis was detected by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was employed for observation of testicular tissue morphology. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in testicular tissue were detected by colorimetry. The levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone (T) in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) was employed to detect the apoptosis of testicular cells. The protein levels of B cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2), Bax, and cleaved Caspase-3 in testicular tissue were detected by Western blot.
Result
2
Compared with the control group, the model group showed decreased body weight, testicular weight and index, sperm concentration and motility (
P
<
0.01) and increased testicular pathological score (
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, the YSP-M, YSP-H, WYW, and L-carnitine groups showed increased body weight, testicular weight, testicular index, sperm concentration and motility and decreased testicular pathological score. After modeling, the SOD level decreased (
P
<
0.01) while the MDA content increased (
P
<
0.01) in the testicular tissue. YSP-H, WYW, and L-carnitine reversed the SOD and MDA level changes caused by modeling. Compared with the control group, the model group exhibited declined T level (
P
<
0.01) and increased FSH and LH levels (
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, YSP, WYW, and L-carnitine increased the T level (
P
<
0.01) and decreased the LH level (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). The apoptosis rate of spermatogenic cells in the model group was higher than that in the control group (
P
<
0.01), whereas YSP-M, WYW, and L-carnitine reversed such changes (
P
<
0.01). The model group rats showed decreased expression of Bcl-2(
P
<
0.05) and increased expression of Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). Compared the model group, YSP-M, YSP-H, WYW, and L-carnitine up-regulated the Bcl-2 expression and down-regulated the cleaved Caspase-3 expression (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
YSP improved the sperm quality of oligoasthenospermia model rats by regulating the antioxidant system and sex hormone levels and inhibiting the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells.
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