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上海中医药大学 基础医学院,上海 201203
Received:03 January 2022,
Published Online:29 March 2022,
Published:20 August 2022
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乔曦,许世豪,王宇炜等.大柴胡汤通过调控p38 MAPK/IL-6/STAT3信号通路抑制肝癌的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(16):19-28.
QIAO Xi,XU Shihao,WANG Yuwei,et al.Da Chaihutang Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Regulating p38 MAPK/IL-6/STAT3 Signaling Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(16):19-28.
乔曦,许世豪,王宇炜等.大柴胡汤通过调控p38 MAPK/IL-6/STAT3信号通路抑制肝癌的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(16):19-28. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20221026.
QIAO Xi,XU Shihao,WANG Yuwei,et al.Da Chaihutang Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Regulating p38 MAPK/IL-6/STAT3 Signaling Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(16):19-28. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20221026.
目的
2
探讨大柴胡汤抗小鼠肝癌的体内外活性及潜在作用机制。
方法
2
取对数生长期Hepa1-6细胞,培养1、2、4、8 d后,用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法、结晶紫染色法检测大柴胡汤(0、125、250、500、1 000 mg·L
-1
)对小鼠肝癌细胞(Hepa1-6)增殖活性的影响。通过肝内注射1×10
6
个Hepa1-6细胞建立小鼠肝癌原位模型,随机分为空白组,模型组,大柴胡汤低、中、高剂量组(0.21、0.625、1.875 g·kg
-1
),灌胃给药,每日1次;5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)组,(25 mg·kg
-1
)腹腔注射,隔日注射,连续给药14 d后处死小鼠,取肝,用4%多聚甲醛(PFA)固定,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色检测大柴胡汤抑制肝癌的活性。运用中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台(TCMSP)、Cytoscape3.7.2 软件、STRING平台、DAVID平台数据库对大柴胡汤和肝癌靶基因进行关键靶基因的筛选及蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络构建、京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测大柴胡汤对Hepa1-6细胞及小鼠肝脏中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)mRNA的影响。蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)、信号转导与转录活化因子3(STAT3)相关通路蛋白的表达。
结果
2
MTT比色法、结晶紫染色结果显示,与空白组比较,大柴胡汤组(500、1 000 mg·L
-1
)第4、8天时能够显著性地抑制Hepa1-6细胞增殖(
P
<
0.05),呈浓度和时间依赖性;体内实验结果显示,大柴胡汤给药14 d后,与模型组比较,大柴胡汤组(1.875 g·kg
-1
)的肿瘤细胞多呈高分化,异型不明显,坏死区少见。网络药理学结果显示大柴胡汤作用于肝癌的核心基因,以调控肝癌微环境为主如IL-6、白细胞介素-1
β
(IL-1
β
),肿瘤坏死因子-
α
(TNF-
α
)等;信号通路以肝癌生长、分化、免疫和炎症为主,如MAPK、STAT3等。在Hepa1-6细胞中,与空白组比较,大柴胡汤(1 000 mg·L
-1
)第1、2、4、8天能抑制IL-6 mRNA表达(
P
<
0.05)。与模型组比较,大柴胡汤组(0.625、1.875 g·kg
-1
)处理的小鼠肝脏中IL-6 mRNA表达下降(
P
<
0.05)。体外实验显示,与空白组比较,大柴胡汤(1 000 mg·L
-1
)第4、8天和大柴胡汤(500、1 000 mg·L
-1
)能够抑制Hepa1-6细胞中细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK1/2)、c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)和STAT3的磷酸化表达(
P
<
0.05),呈时间和浓度依赖性;体内实验结果显示,与模型组比较,大柴胡汤组(0.625、1.875 g·kg
-1
)能显著性地抑制p38 MAPK和STAT3的磷酸化(
P
<
0.05)。
结论
2
大柴胡汤通过调控p38 MAPK/IL-6/STAT3信号轴,从而达到抑制肝癌的活性。
Objective
2
This study aims to investigate the efficacy and underlying mechanism of Da Chaihutang (DCHT) in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
in vitro
and
in vivo
.
Method
2
We employed methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and crystal violet staining to observe the proliferation of Hepa1-6 liver cancer cells treated with DCHT at different doses (0, 125, 250, 500, 1 000 mg·L
-1
) for different time periods (1, 2, 4, 8 days). The orthotopic liver cancer model was established by injection of 1×10
6
Hepa1-6 cells into mouse, and then the model mice were randomly assigned into six groups: blank, model, DCHT (0.21, 0.625, 1.875 g·kg
-1
,
ig
,
qd
), and positive control (5-fluorouracil, 25 mg·kg
-1
,
ip
,
qod
). After 14 days of administration, the mice were sacrificed, and the liver samples were collected and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Cytoscape 3.7.2, STRING, and DAVID were used for the searching of the key targets of DCHT in treating HCC, the construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to determine the mRNA level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in Hepa1-6 cells and liver tissue. Western blotting was employed to measure the protein levels of the proteins involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways.
Result
2
DCHT (500, 1 000 mg·L
-1
) treatment for 4 and 8 days inhibited the proliferation of Hepa1-6 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner (
P
<
0.05). The
in vivo
assay showed that DCHT (high dose, 1.875 g·kg
-1
) treatment for 14 days led to high differentiation and unobvious heterogeneity of HCC cells and small necrotic area compared with the model group. Network pharmacology analysis predicted that the potential targets of DCHT in the treatment of HCC were mainly the inflammation cytokines such as IL-6, interleukin-1
β
(IL-1
β
), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-
α
) in HCC microenvironment. The potential signaling pathways involved in the treatment were mainly associated with HCC growth and differentiation, including MAPK and STAT3 signaling pathways. Compared with the blank group, DCHT (1 000 mg·L
-1
) treatment for 1, 2, 4, and 8 days down-regulated the mRNA level of IL-6 in Hepa1-6 cells (
P
<
0.05). Similar results were observed in the livers of mice treated with DCHT (0.625, 1.875 g·kg
-1
). The
in vitro
assay demonstrated that DCHT (1 000 mg·L
-1
) treatment for 4 and 8 days and DCHT (500, 1 000 mg·L
-1
) treatment inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun NH
2
-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK), p38 MAPK, and STAT3 in a dose- and time-dependent manner (
P
<
0.05). The
in vivo
assay showed that DCHT (0.625 and 1.875 g·kg
-1
) treatment only inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and STAT3 (
P
<
0.05).
Conclusion
2
The present study indicates that DCHT can inhibit liver cancer cell proliferation by regulating p38 MAPK/IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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