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北京中医药大学 东直门医院,北京 100700
Received:17 August 2022,
Published Online:25 October 2022,
Published:20 December 2022
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祝洁,薛晓鸥,贺稚平等.基于p38 MAPK通路探讨乌丹丸对子宫内膜异位症寒凝血瘀证巨噬细胞极化的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(24):105-113.
ZHU Jie,XUE Xiaoou,HE Zhiping,et al.Effect of Wudan Pill on Polarization of Macrophages in Endometriosis with Cold Congeal and Blood Stasis Syndrome Based on p38 MAPK Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(24):105-113.
祝洁,薛晓鸥,贺稚平等.基于p38 MAPK通路探讨乌丹丸对子宫内膜异位症寒凝血瘀证巨噬细胞极化的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(24):105-113. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20222428.
ZHU Jie,XUE Xiaoou,HE Zhiping,et al.Effect of Wudan Pill on Polarization of Macrophages in Endometriosis with Cold Congeal and Blood Stasis Syndrome Based on p38 MAPK Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(24):105-113. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20222428.
目的
2
基于p38丝裂素活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)探讨乌丹丸对子宫内膜异位症(EMT)寒凝血瘀证模型大鼠巨噬细胞M1/M2极化的影响。
方法
2
选取雌性SD大鼠,随机数字法分为假手术组、模型组、乌丹丸高、中、低剂量组(2.4、1.2、0.6 g·kg
-1
)、中成药组和西药组,采用冰水浴联合自体子宫内膜移植法建立子宫内膜异位症寒凝血瘀证大鼠模型,连续给药4周处死取材。酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测肿瘤坏死因子-
α
(TNF-
α
)、白细胞介素(IL)-1
β
、IL-4、转化生长因子-
β
(TGF-
β
)炎性因子的表达评估炎症;其次,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS)、TNF-
α
、精氨酸酶1(Arg1)、甘露糖受体(CD206)转录水平评价巨噬细胞极化;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)和免疫荧光技术(IF)检测iNOS、Arg1蛋白的表达佐证巨噬细胞极化。Western blot和Real-time PCR检测p38 MAPK信号通路相关蛋白表达。
结果
2
与假手术组比较,模型组血清TNF-
α
,IL-1
β
、TGF-
β
,IL-4含量均明显升高(
P
<
0.05),异位内膜组织中iNOS、TNF-
α
、p-p38 MAPK、酸化细胞外信号调节激酶(p-ERK)蛋白明显升高,iNOS、TNF-
α、
MAPK、ERK mRNA水平明显升高,Arg1、CD206 mRNA及蛋白表达明显降低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),异位内膜组织iNOS阳性细胞数明显升高,Arg1阳性细胞数明显(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。与模型组比较,各给药组TNF-
α
,IL-1
β
、TGF-
β
,IL-4表达量均有不同程度降低,乌丹丸高、中剂量组和西药组尤为明显(
P
<
0.05),乌丹丸高、中剂量组及中成药、西药组大鼠异位子宫内膜组织中iNOS、TNF-
α
、p-p38 MAPK、p-ERK蛋白明显降低,iNOS、TNF-
α、
MAPK、ERK mRNA水平明显降低,Arg1、CD206 mRNA及蛋白表达明显升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),乌丹丸高、中剂量组及中成药、西药组大鼠异位内膜组织中iNOS细胞阳性数量明显降低,Arg1蛋白阳性数明显升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),乌丹丸低、中、高剂量呈剂量依赖性,高剂量组与西药组疗效相近。
结论
2
乌丹丸可以降低子宫内膜异位症寒凝血瘀证大鼠模型的炎性反应,减少TNF-
α
、IL-1
β
、IL-4、TGF-
β
炎性因子的表达,促使巨噬细胞从M1型向M2型极化,其机制可能与p38 MAPK信号通路相关。
Objective
2
To investigate the effect of Wudan pill on the polarization of macrophages in the rat model of endometriosis (EMT) with cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome based on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK).
Method
2
Female SD rats with regular motility cycles were selected and randomly divided into sham-operated group, model group, Wudan pill high, medium, and low-dose groups (2.4, 1.2, and 0.6 g⋅kg
-1
), Chinese patent medicine group, and western medicine group by the random number table method. The method of ice water bath + autologous endometrial transplantation was used to establish the rat model of EMT with cold congeal and blood stasis, and the rats were executed after 4 weeks of continuous drug administration to collect materials. Expression levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-
α
(TNF-
α
), interleukin-1
β
(IL-1
β
), IL-4, and transforming growth factor-
β
(TGF-
β
) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to assess inflammation. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was performed to determine the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), TNF-
α
, arginase 1 (Arg1), and human mannose receptor (CD206) transcriptional levels to evaluate macrophage polarization. Western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence (IF) assays were used to determine the protein expression levels of iNOS and Arg1 to corroborate macrophage polarization. WB and Real-time PCR were used to determine the protein expression levels of the p38 MAPK pathway.
Result
2
As compared with sham-operated group, the levels of serum TNF-
α
, IL-1
β
, TGF-
β
, and IL-4 of rats in the model group were significantly higher (
P
<
0.05). In the model group, the protein levels of iNOS, TNF-
α
, p-p38 MAPK, and phosphorylated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) in endothelial tissues were significantly higher, the mRNA levels of iNOS, TNF-
α
, MAPK, and ERK were significantly higher, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of Arg1 and CD206 were significantly lower (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). The number of iNOS positive cells in endothelial tissues was significantly increased, and the number of Arg1 positive cells in endothelial tissues in the model group was significantly decreased (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). As compared with the model group, the expression of TNF-
α
, IL-1
β
, TGF-
β
, and IL-4 in each administration group was reduced to different degrees, which was especially significant in the Wudan pill high and medium-dose groups and the western medicine group (
P
<
0.05). The protein expression levels of iNOS, TNF-
α
, p-p38 MAPK, and p-ERK in endometrial tissues of rats in the Wudan pill high and medium-dose groups, the Chinese patent medicine group, and the western medicine group were significantly lower, the mRNA expression levels of iNOS, TNF-
α
, MAPK, and ERK were significantly lower, and the protein expression levels of Arg1 and CD206 were significantly higher (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). The number of iNOS positive cells in endometrial tissues of rats was significantly decreased in the Wudan pill high and medium-dose groups, the Chinese patent medicine group, and the western medicine group, whereas the number of Arg1 positive cells was increased (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). The low, medium, and high doses of Wudan pill were dose-dependent, and the efficacy of the Wudan pill high-dose group was similar to that of the western medicine group.
Conclusion
2
Wudan pill reduces the inflammatory response in rat model of EMT with cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome and decreases expression levels of TNF-
α
, IL-1
β
, IL-4, and TGF-
β
, thereby prompting polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2 type. The mechanism is presumedly related to p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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