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山东中医药大学,济南 250355
Published:05 July 2023,
Published Online:26 December 2022,
Received:08 October 2022,
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刘新月,陈乐乐,孙鹏等.中药生物碱抗肿瘤作用研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(13):264-272.
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刘新月,陈乐乐,孙鹏等.中药生物碱抗肿瘤作用研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(13):264-272. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20230425.
LIU Xinyue,CHEN Lele,SUN Peng,et al.Anti-tumor Effect of Alkaloids of Chinese Medicine: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(13):264-272. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20230425.
恶性肿瘤的粗发病率和死亡率逐年增加,成为威胁人类健康的主要疾病之一。肿瘤的常规治疗药物具有严重的不良反应,给患者造成沉重负担。中药活性成分可有效抑制肿瘤生长、改善患者生存质量且不良反应小。中药生物碱是一类天然有机化合物,其广泛存在于多种中草药中,近年来因其展现出抗肿瘤作用越来越受到关注。中药生物碱抗肿瘤机制主要包括诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制侵袭转移、抑制增殖、诱导肿瘤细胞自噬、阻滞细胞周期、抑制血管生成、调控微小RNA和调节免疫功能等。此外,中药生物碱还可以逆转肿瘤耐药性,降低肿瘤干细胞干性。中药生物碱可通过调控磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/Akt)、c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)、Notch、刺猬(Hedgehog)及分泌型糖蛋白/
β
-连环蛋白(Wnt/
β
-catenin)等相关信号通路,多环节、多途径参与到肿瘤增殖、侵袭转移、自噬与凋亡过程中,影响肿瘤的发生发展。生物碱的衍生物、纳米制剂可改善生物碱溶解度、利用度和抗肿瘤活性,为生物碱的临床应用带来更广阔的前景。现将近年中药生物碱及其代表性衍生物和纳米制剂抗肿瘤相关研究进行归纳总结,以期为生物碱抗肿瘤作用深入研究提供参考。
Malignant tumors, with the increasing crude morbidity and mortality year by year, have become the major diseases threatening human health. The conventional therapeutic drugs against tumors have serious adverse reactions, which can cause a heavy burden on patients. The active components of Chinese medicine can effectively inhibit tumor growth, improve the quality of life of patients, and have few toxic and side effects. Alkaloids of Chinese medicine are natural organic compounds widely existing in a variety of Chinese herbal medicines. In recent years, they have attracted more and more attention because of their anti-tumor effect. The anti-tumor mechanisms of alkaloids of Chinese medicine mainly include the induction of apoptosis, inhibition of tumor cell migration and invasion, suppression of proliferation, induction of autophagy of tumor cells, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, regulation of microRNA, and modulation of immunity. In addition, Chinese medicine alkaloids can also reverse tumor drug resistance and reduce the stemness of tumor stem cells. Alkaloids of Chinese medicine can regulate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), c-Jun
N
-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Notch, Hedgehog, Wnt/
β
-catenin, and other signaling pathways to participate in the processes of tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis, autophagy and apoptosis, and affect the occurrence and development of tumors in multiple links and ways. The derivatives and nano-preparations of alkaloids can improve the solubility, utilization, and anti-tumor activity of alkaloids, bringing a broader prospect for the clinical application of alkaloids. This review summarized the recent anti-tumor research on alkaloids, their representative derivatives, and nano-preparations to provide references for the in-depth research on the anti-tumor effect of alkaloids.
中药生物碱抗肿瘤衍生物纳米制剂研究进展
Chinese medicinealkaloidsanti-tumorderivativesnano-preparationsresearch progress
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