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北京中医药大学,北京 100029
Published:05 August 2023,
Published Online:30 March 2023,
Received:22 February 2023,
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于江,唐家杨,李帅等.心力衰竭气虚证动物模型的建立与评价[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(15):60-67.
YU Jiang,TANG Jiayang,LI Shuai,et al.Establishment and Evaluation of Heart Failure Model with Qi Deficiency Syndrome[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(15):60-67.
于江,唐家杨,李帅等.心力衰竭气虚证动物模型的建立与评价[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(15):60-67. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20230536.
YU Jiang,TANG Jiayang,LI Shuai,et al.Establishment and Evaluation of Heart Failure Model with Qi Deficiency Syndrome[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(15):60-67. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20230536.
目的
2
建立心力衰竭气虚证的病证结合小鼠模型,并对其进行评价。
方法
2
将44只昆明种(KM)小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、四君子汤加减组(12.89 g·kg
-1
)。模型组及四君子汤加减组给予主动脉弓缩窄术(TAC)处理,假手术组只穿线不缩窄。采用超声心动图、病理学检测对心力衰竭进行疾病模型判断及药效学评估;从宏观表征、微观生物学、方剂反证3个层面分别对小鼠的一般性体征、体质量、旷场、抓力、线粒体超微结构等宏、微观表征进行采集,并测定线粒体分裂、融合蛋白表达,以判断证候类型。
结果
2
TAC术后8周,相较于假手术组,模型组心脏左室射血分数(LVEF)显著降低(
P
<
0.01),四君子汤加减可显著改善小鼠LVEF(
P
<
0.05)。心脏苏木素-伊红(HE)染色结果显示,模型组出现炎性细胞浸润及血管壁增厚,四君子加减可显著改善炎性细胞浸润。在6~8周,相较于假手术组及四君子汤加减组,模型组小鼠出现显著的毛发不齐,毛发枯黄、活跃度降低及精神萎靡的情况。同时与假手术组比较,模型组体质量增长值明显降低(
P
<
0.05);与模型组比较,四君子汤加减组体质量增长值明显上升(
P
<
0.05)。在6~8周,与假手术组比较,模型组旷场距离及旷场速度均明显下降(
P
<
0.05),而四君子汤加减组在第8周明显改善旷场距离及旷场速度(
P
<
0.05)。在6~8周,与假手术组比较,模型组抓力最大值明显下降(
P
<
0.05),而四君子汤加减组TAC术后8周抓力最大值明显增加(
P
<
0.05)。腓肠肌透射电镜显示,模型组肌组织基质不均匀,线粒体肿胀,体积变大,基质溶解,嵴缺失,空泡化;四君子汤加减组可改善线粒体肿胀,嵴断裂,基质空化。蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)结果显示,与假手术组比较,模型组小鼠腓肠肌分裂蛋白动力相关蛋白1(DRP1)表达显著增高(
P
<
0.01),线粒体融合素1(MFN1)表达明显降低(
P
<
0.05)。同时与模型组比较,四君子汤加减组小鼠腓肠肌分裂蛋白DRP1表达明显降低(
P
<
0.05),MFN1表达显著升高(
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
TAC术后小鼠6~8周出现显著的气虚证候表现,同时伴随腓肠肌线粒体形态功能异常,而四君子汤加减可显著改善这一过程。
Objective
2
To establish and evaluate a mouse model of heart failure with Qi deficiency syndrome.
Method
2
Forty-four KM mice were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, and modified Si Junzitang group (12.89 g·kg
-1
). The model group and the modified Si Junzitang group underwent thoracic aortic constriction (TAC), while the sham operation group only underwent suture without constriction. Echocardiography and pathological examination were used to assess the heart failure model and evaluate the pharmacological effects. Macroscopic characterization, microscopic biology, and formula identification were conducted to collect general signs, body weight, open-field behavior, grip strength, mitochondrial ultrastructure, and other macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of mice. Mitochondrial fission and fusion protein expression were measured to determine the syndrome type.
Result
2
Eight weeks after TAC, compared with the sham operation group, the model group showed a significant decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (
P
<
0.01), and modified Si Junzitang improved LVEF in mice (
P
<
0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of the heart showed inflammatory cell infiltration and thickening of blood vessel walls in the model group, which was significantly improved by modified Si Junzitang. After 6-8 weeks, compared with the sham operation group and the modified Si Junzitang group, the model group exhibited significant hair loss, hair yellowing, decreased activity, and depression. Moreover, compared with the sham operation group, the model group had a significantly lower increase in body weight (
P
<
0.05), while the modified Si Junzitang group showed a significant increase in body weight (
P
<
0.05) compared with the model group. After 6-8 weeks, compared with the sham operation group, the model group showed a significant decrease in open-field distance and speed (
P
<
0.05), while the modified Si Junzitang group exhibited significantly improved open-field distance and speed in the 8
th
week (
P
<
0.05). After 6-8 weeks, compared with the sham operation group, the model group exhibited a significant decrease in maximum grip strength (
P
<
0.05), while the modified Si Junzitang group showed a significant increase in maximum grip strength 8 weeks after TAC (
P
<
0.05). Transmission electron microscopy of the gastrocnemius muscle showed uneven muscle tissue matrix, mitochondrial swelling, increased volume, matrix dissolution, ridge loss, and vacuolization in the model group, while modified Si Junzitang improved mitochondrial swelling, ridge fracture, and matrix vacuolization. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of the kinetic associated protein 1 (DRP1) in the gastrocnemius muscle of the model group significantly increased (
P
<
0.01), and the expression of mitochondrial fusion hormone 1 (MFN1) significantly decreased (
P
<
0.05) as compared with those in the sham operation group. Furthermore, compared with the model group, the modified Si Junzitang group exhibited a significant decrease in the expression of DRP1 (
P
<
0.05) and a significant increase in MFN1 expression (
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
Mice exhibited significant manifestations of qi deficiency syndrome 6-8 weeks after TAC, accompanied by abnormal mitochondrial morphology and function in the gastrocnemius muscle, which were significantly improved by modified Si Junzitang.
心力衰竭气虚证动物模型四君子汤
heart failureQi deficiency syndromeanimal modelSi Junzitang
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