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安徽中医药大学 药学院,中药复方安徽省重点实验室,合肥 230012
Received:31 October 2022,
Published Online:14 February 2023,
Published:20 August 2023
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孔金融,施高翔,侯静等.基于Nrf2/HO-1通路抑制铁死亡探究甘草含药血清对LPS诱导的Caco2细胞炎症的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(16):144-153.
KONG Jinrong,SHI Gaoxiang,HOU Jing,et al.Effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-containing Serum on LPS-induced Inflammation in Caco2 Cells Based on Inhibition of Ferroptosis by Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(16):144-153.
孔金融,施高翔,侯静等.基于Nrf2/HO-1通路抑制铁死亡探究甘草含药血清对LPS诱导的Caco2细胞炎症的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(16):144-153. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20230601.
KONG Jinrong,SHI Gaoxiang,HOU Jing,et al.Effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-containing Serum on LPS-induced Inflammation in Caco2 Cells Based on Inhibition of Ferroptosis by Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(16):144-153. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20230601.
目的
2
探讨甘草含药血清激活核因子E
2
相关因子2(Nrf2)/血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)通路抑制铁死亡对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的人结肠上皮腺癌细胞(Caco2)炎症的影响。
方法
2
将Caco2细胞分为正常组、模型组(LPS,200 μg·L
-1
)、甘草含药血清低、中、高浓度组(5%、10%、20%)、铁死亡抑制剂组(3-氨基-4-环己基氨基苯甲酸乙酯,Fer-1,10 μmol·L
-1
)。正常组细胞正常培养,其他组建立炎症模型,甘草含药血清低、中、高浓度组分别加入5%、10%、20%含药血清处理24 h,铁死亡抑制剂组给予Fer-1处理24 h。透射电镜观察各组线粒体形态;流式细胞术检测细胞内Fe
2+
水平;微板法检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测白细胞介素-1
β
(IL-1
β
)、IL-6、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子-
α
(TNF-
α
)含量;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测Nrf2、HO-1、铁蛋白重链1(FTH1)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GSH-Px4)蛋白的表达水平。运用小干扰核糖核酸(siRNA)的方式来观察Nrf2在铁死亡调控中的作用。将干扰后细胞分为空载体组(NC)、Si-Nrf2组、含药血清(20%)+Si-Nrf2组、含药血清(20%)+NC组。微板法检测MDA、SOD、GSH-Px水平;Western blot检测Nrf2、HO-1、FTH1、GSH-Px4蛋白表达水平。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组线粒体固缩,线粒体膜增厚,线粒体形态变小;模型组Fe
2+
含量显著增加(
P
<
0.01);SOD活性显著降低(
P
<
0.01),GSH-Px表达显著下降(
P
<
0.01),MDA含量显著增高(
P
<
0.01);Nrf2、HO-1表达降低(
P
<
0.05),FTH1表达显著性下降(
P
<
0.01),GSH-Px4表达显著降低(
P
<
0.01)。甘草含药血清处理组,中、高浓度组Fe
2+
含量显著降低(
P
<
0.01),SOD活性和GSH-Px活性显著升高(
P
<
0.01),MDA水平显著降低(
P
<
0.01);高浓度组Nrf2表达明显升高(
P
<
0.05),中浓度组HO-1与GSH-Px4蛋白的表达有所增高(
P
<
0.05),低、中、高浓度组FTH1水平皆显著增加(
P
<
0.01)。机制研究发现,与NC组比较,转染Nrf2 siRNA的细胞中MDA含量增加(
P
<
0.01),SOD活性下降(
P
<
0.01),GSH-Px活性减少(
P
<
0.01);Nrf2、HO-1表达下降(
P
<
0.01),FTH1和GSH-Px4蛋白含量降低(
P
<
0.01);与Si-Nrf2组比较,在甘草含药血清干预后,细胞内MDA含量降低(
P
<
0.01),SOD活性提高(
P
<
0.01),GSH-Px活性上升(
P
<
0.01);Nrf2、FTH1蛋白表达增加(
P
<
0.05),HO-1和GSH-Px4蛋白表达水平明显升高(
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
甘草含药血清可降低LPS诱导的Caco2细胞炎症因子及氧化应激水平,其机制与促进Nrf2/HO-1信号通路的表达,减轻细胞内脂质过氧化从而抑制铁死亡的发生有关。
Objective
2
To investigate the effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (GR)-containing serum on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in human colon epithelial adenocarcinoma cells (Caco2) based on inhibition of ferroptosis by the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway.
Method
2
Caco2 cells were divided into a normal group, a model group (LPS, 200 μg·L
-1
), low-, medium-, and high-dose GR-containing serum groups (5%, 10%, 20%), and a ferroptosis inhibitor group (3-amino-4-cyclohexylamino-benzoic acid ethyl ester, Fer-1, 10 μmol·L
-1
). The cells in the normal group were cultured normally, while those in other groups underwent the induction of an inflammation model. The cells in the low-, medium-, and high-dose GR-containing serum groups were treated with 5%, 10%, and 20% GR-containing serum for 24 hours, respectively, and the cells in the ferroptosis inhibitor group were treated with Fer-1 for 24 hours. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe mitochondrial morphology in each group. Flow cytometry was used to detect intracellular Fe
2+
levels. Microplate assays were performed to measure superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure interleukin-1
β
(IL-1
β
), IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-
α
(TNF-
α
) levels. Western blot was used to measure the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GSH-Px4) proteins. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to investigate the role of Nrf2 in ferroptosis regulation. The cells after interference were divided into a negative control (NC) group, a Si-Nrf2 group, a GR-containing serum (20%) + Si-Nrf2 group, and a GR-containing serum (20%) + NC group. Microplate assays were performed to measure MDA, SOD, and GSH-Px levels, and Western blot was used to measure the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, FTH1, and GSH-Px4 proteins.
Result
2
Compared with the normal group, the model group showed mitochondrial contraction, increased mitochondrial membrane thickness, and smaller mitochondrial morphology, increased Fe
2+
content (
P
<
0.01), blunted SOD activity (
P
<
0.01), decreased GSH-Px expression (
P
<
0.01), increased MDA content (
P
<
0.01), reduced expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 (
P
<
0.05), reduced FTH1 expression (
P
<
0.01), and down-regulated GSH-Px4 expression (
P
<
0.01). In the GR-containing serum groups, the medium- and high-dose groups showed a significant decrease in Fe
2+
content (
P
<
0.01), potentiated SOD and GSH-Px activities (
P
<
0.01), and decreased MDA levels (
P
<
0.01). The high-dose group showed a significant increase in Nrf2 expression (
P
<
0.05), and the medium-dose group showed increased expression of HO-1 and GSH-Px4 proteins (
P
<
0.05). The expression levels of FTH1 significantly increased in the low-, medium-, and high-dose groups (
P
<
0.01). The study on mechanism revealed that compared with the NC group, the cells transfected with Nrf2 siRNA showed increased MDA content (
P
<
0.01), blunted SOD activity (
P
<
0.01), decreased GSH-Px activity (
P
<
0.01), decreased expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 (
P
<
0.01), and reduced levels of FTH1 and GSH-Px4 proteins (
P
<
0.01). Compared with the Si-Nrf2 group, the cells treated with GR-containing serum showed a decrease in MDA content (
P
<
0.01), an increase in SOD activity (
P
<
0.01), an increase in GSH-Px activity (
P
<
0.01), increased expression of Nrf2 and FTH1 proteins (
P
<
0.05), and higher expression levels of HO-1 and GSH-Px4 proteins (
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
GR-containing serum can reduce the inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress levels in LPS-induced Caco2 cells. Its mechanism is related to the promotion of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway expression, alleviating intracellular lipid peroxidation and inhibiting ferroptosis.
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