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1.中国中医科学院 中医基础理论研究所,北京 100700
2.河南中医药大学 基础医学院,郑州 450000
Received:18 January 2023,
Published Online:28 April 2023,
Published:20 March 2024
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孟丹华,佘楷杰,孟晓莹等.基于NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β通路探讨温阳解郁方调节小鼠海马突触可塑性的机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2024,30(06):39-47.
MENG Danhua,SHE Kaijie,MENG Xiaoying,et al.Wenyang Jieyu Prescription Regulates Hippocampal Neural Plasticity in Depressed Mice via NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2024,30(06):39-47.
孟丹华,佘楷杰,孟晓莹等.基于NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β通路探讨温阳解郁方调节小鼠海马突触可塑性的机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2024,30(06):39-47. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20230638.
MENG Danhua,SHE Kaijie,MENG Xiaoying,et al.Wenyang Jieyu Prescription Regulates Hippocampal Neural Plasticity in Depressed Mice via NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2024,30(06):39-47. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20230638.
目的
2
探讨温阳解郁方改善“母婴分离+束缚应激(MS+RS)”抑郁小鼠神经炎症,保护突触可塑性的作用机制。
方法
2
仔鼠出生第0天(PD0)随机分为空白组和造模组。造模采用母婴分离联合束缚应激21 d建立抑郁模型,PD21离乳后剔除雌鼠,随机分为模型组、温阳组、解郁组、温阳解郁组、氟西汀组,每组15只,PD21~PD111各给药组药混饲料给药,给药剂量分别为5.85、12.03、16.71 g·kg
-1
,2.6 mg·kg
-1
。糖水偏好、开放旷场、O迷宫及新物体识别行为学实验评估小鼠焦虑抑郁和学习记忆能力;免疫组化法(IHC)观察海马小胶质细胞离子钙接头蛋白-1(Iba-1);高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测海马去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)含量;酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测海马白细胞介素-18(IL-18)、白细胞介素-1
β
(IL-1
β
)含量;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测海马NOD样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)、凋亡相关斑点蛋白(ASC)、胱天蛋白酶-1(Caspase-1)、IL-1
β
、突触素(Syn)、突触后致密物95(PSD95)蛋白表达。
结果
2
与空白组比较,模型组小鼠糖水偏好率、5 min中央运动时间、运动总距离、开臂停留时间和认知指数明显降低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),IHC结果显示,小胶质细胞呈“阿米巴”激活态,Iba1明显增加,海马NE、E含量显著减少(
P
<
0.01),IL-1
β
和IL-18含量显著增加(
P
<
0.01),PSD95、Syn蛋白表达明显减少(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),NLRP3、ASC、Caspase-1和IL-1
β
蛋白表达明显增加(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。与模型组比较,温阳解郁组和氟西汀组小鼠糖水偏好率、认知指数增加,5 min中央运动时间、开臂停留时间、认知指数明显增加(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),小胶质细胞形态恢复正常,Iba1明显降低,海马NE、E含量明显增加(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)、IL-1
β
和IL-18含量显著降低(
P
<
0.01),PSD95、Syn蛋白表达显著增加(
P
<
0.01)、NLRP3、ASC、Caspase-1和IL-1
β
蛋白表达明显降低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),各中药组以温阳解郁方效果最佳。
结论
2
温阳解郁方可能通过调节NLRP3炎症通路,缓解小胶质细胞诱导的神经炎症,增加海马神经递质含量,并改善突触可塑性,减轻MS+RS小鼠抑郁样行为,其综合效果优于温阳方和解郁方。
Objective
2
To explore the effects of Wenyang Jieyu prescription (WJP) on neuroinflammation and synaptic plasticity in the mouse model of depression induced by maternal separation combined with restraint stress.
Method
2
The mice on postnatal day 0 (PD0) were randomized into a control group and a modeling group. Maternal separation combined with restraint stress was employed to establish the mouse model of depression. After the removal of female mice, the modeled mice were randomized into model, Wenyang prescription (5.85 g·kg
-1
), Jieyu prescription (12.03 g·kg
-1
), WJP (16.71 g·kg
-1
), and fluoxetine (2.6 mg·kg
-1
) groups on the weaning day (PD21), with 15 mice in each group. The mice were administrated with corresponding drugs mixed with the diet from PD21 to PD111. The sucrose preference test, open field test, O-maze test, and novel object recognition test were then carried out to evaluate the depression state, memory, and learning ability of the mice. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was employed to observe the ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1) in hippocampal microglia. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to measure the content of noradrenaline (NE) and epinephrine (E) in the hippocampus. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to determine the content of interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1
β
in the hippocampus. Western blot was employed to determine the protein levels of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), cysteine aspartate-specific protease-1 (Caspase-1), IL-1
β
, synaptophysin (Syn), and postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95).
Result
2
Compared with control group, the model group showed decreased sucrose preference rate, time spent in central zone within 5 min, total movement distance, time spent in the open arm, and cognition index (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). The microglia in the model group presented amoeba-like appearance, the Iba1 increased. Moreover, the model group showed decreased content of NE and E (
P
<
0.01), elevated levels of IL-1
β
and IL-18 (
P
<
0.01), down-regulated protein levels of PSD95 and Syn (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and up-regulated protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, and IL-1
β
(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). Compared with model group, WJP and fluoxetine increased the sucrose preference rate, time spent in central zone within 5 min, total movement distance, time spent in the open arm, and cognition index (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). They recovered the microglia and the Iba1 decreased. Moreover, the drugs increased the content of NE and E (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), lowered the levels of IL-1
β
and IL-18 (
P
<
0.01), up-regulated the protein levels of PSD95 and Syn (
P
<
0.01), down-regulated the protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, and IL-1
β
(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
WJP can treat the depressive behavior induced by maternal separation combined with restraint stress in mice, with the performance outperforming Wenyang prescription and Jieyu prescription. It may alleviate the neuroinflammation induced by microglia and improve the synaptic plasticity by regulating the NLRP3 pathway and increasing neurotransmitters in the hippocampus.
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