“Sea buckthorn, a traditional Chinese medicine with the same origin of medicine and food, has attracted much attention due to its effects of relieving cough and phlegm, strengthening the stomach and digestion, promoting blood circulation and dispersing blood stasis. Recent studies have revealed that sea buckthorn is not only rich in flavonoids, phenols, proteins, vitamins, and amino acids, but also in polysaccharides. These polysaccharides not only have multiple functions such as anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and immune regulation, but also improve gut microbiota, anti-inflammatory, and anti hyperlipidemia. In terms of extraction technology, researchers have explored various methods such as hot water, microwave, ultrasound, and enzymatic methods. Comprehensive analysis shows that hot water extraction is more suitable for industrial applications. However, despite the isolation and purification of various homogeneous polysaccharides from seabuckthorn polysaccharides, their in-depth exploration in terms of pharmacological effects, structure, and structure-activity relationships remains a new direction of research. This study not only provides scientific basis for the development and utilization of sea buckthorn polysaccharides, but also opens up new fields for the research of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides. With the deepening of research, the medicinal value and application prospects of seabuckthorn polysaccharides will become even broader.”