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1.北京中医药大学 第三附属医院,北京 100029
2.北京市朝阳区第三医院,北京 100121
Received:27 June 2023,
Published Online:15 August 2023,
Published:05 November 2023
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刁华琼,魏丹,丁海月等.黄连阿胶汤对睡眠剥夺大鼠5-羟色胺系统和肠道菌群的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(21):49-58.
DIAO Huaqiong,WEI Dan,DING Haiyue,et al.Effect of Huanglian Ejiaotang on 5-Hydroxytryptamine System and Gut Microbiota in Sleep-deprived Rats[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(21):49-58.
刁华琼,魏丹,丁海月等.黄连阿胶汤对睡眠剥夺大鼠5-羟色胺系统和肠道菌群的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(21):49-58. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20231043.
DIAO Huaqiong,WEI Dan,DING Haiyue,et al.Effect of Huanglian Ejiaotang on 5-Hydroxytryptamine System and Gut Microbiota in Sleep-deprived Rats[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(21):49-58. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20231043.
目的
2
基于5-羟色胺系统和肠道菌群研究黄连阿胶汤干预失眠的机制。
方法
2
将55只SPF级SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、黄连阿胶汤低、中、高剂量组(1.925、3.85、7.7 g·kg
-1
)和艾司唑仑组(0.1 mg·kg
-1
),除正常组,其余5组大鼠被放在窄平台剥夺睡眠,每天剥夺12 h,连续21 d。药物干预14 d后,分别通过戊巴比妥钠睡眠协同实验、旷场实验和糖水偏好实验评估大鼠的睡眠情况、探究行为和抑郁样行为;采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测5-羟色胺(5-HT)、5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)、色氨酸羟化酶(TPH)和单胺氧化酶-A(MAO-A)的含量,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测5-HT1A受体(5-HT1AR)和5-HT2A受体(5-HT2AR)的mRNA表达;基于16S rRNA测序技术检测各组大鼠肠道菌群的差异,采用冗余分析方法揭示5-HT系统与菌群的关联。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组大鼠的睡眠潜伏期延长(
P
<
0.05),睡眠维持时间显著缩短(
P
<
0.01),旷场中央区域活动时间显著减少(
P
<
0.01),糖水偏好率明显降低(
P
<
0.05);5-HT、5-HIAA、TPH和MAO-A的含量显著降低(
P
<
0.01),5-HIAA/5-HT显著下降(
P
<
0.01),5-HT1AR mRNA表达显著下调(
P
<
0.01),5-HT2AR mRNA表达明显上调(
P
<
0.05);厚壁菌门的占比降低,拟杆菌门的占比升高,厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门的比值(F/B)明显减小(
P
<
0.05)。与模型组比较,黄连阿胶汤高剂量组的睡眠潜伏期缩短(
P
<
0.01),睡眠维持时间延长(
P
<
0.01),黄连阿胶汤低剂量组的中央区域活动时间增加(
P
<
0.01),糖水偏好率明显升高(
P
<
0.05);黄连阿胶汤高剂量组的5-HT、5-HIAA、TPH和MAO-A的含量增加(
P
<
0.01)、5-HIAA/5-HT升高(
P
<
0.05),5-HT1AR mRNA上调(
P
<
0.01),5-HT2AR mRNA下调(
P
<
0.05);黄连阿胶汤低剂量组的厚壁菌门占比升高,拟杆菌门占比降低,F/B增大。门水平上,5-HT、5-HIAA、MAO-A与厚壁菌门呈正相关,与拟杆菌门呈负相关;属水平上,5-HT、5-HIAA、TPH、MAO-A与普雷沃氏菌属和乳酸杆菌属呈负相关,与布劳特氏属和拟杆菌属呈正相关。
结论
2
黄连阿胶汤可通过调节5-HT系统的活性和肠道菌群的组成,改善睡眠剥夺诱导的失眠和抑郁样行为。
Objective
2
To explore the mechanism of Huanglian Ejiaotang in intervening in insomnia based on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system and gut microbiota.
Method
2
Fifty-five SPF-grade SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, low-, medium-, and high-dose Huanglian Ejiaotang groups (1.925, 3.85, and 7.7 g·kg
-1
), and Estazolam group (0.1 mg·kg
-1
). Except for those in the normal group, the rats in the other five groups were subjected to sleep deprivation on a narrow platform for 12 hours daily for 21 consecutive days. After 14 days of drug intervention, the sleep, exploratory behavior, and depressive-like behavior of the rats were assessed using the pentobarbital sodium sleep synergistic test, the open field test, and the sugar preference test, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of 5-HT, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), and monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to measure the mRNA expression of the 5-HT1A receptor (5-HT1AR) and 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR). Differences in gut microbiota among the groups were assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and the correlation between the 5-HT system and microbiota was revealed using redundancy analysis.
Result
2
Compared with the normal group, the model group showed a prolonged sleep latency (
P
<
0.05), reduced sleep maintenance (
P
<
0.01), decreased central area activity time in the open field (
P
<
0.01), and reduced sugar preference rate (
P
<
0.05). Moreover, the model group also showed decreased levels of 5-HT, 5-HIAA, TPH, and MAO-A (
P
<
0.01), decreased 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio (
P
<
0.01), downregulated mRNA expression of 5-HT1AR (
P
<
0.01), and upregulated mRNA expression of 5-HT2AR (
P
<
0.05). The proportion of Firmicutes decreased, while that of Bacteroidetes increased, leading to a decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio (
P
<
0.05). Compared with the model group, the high-dose Huanglian Ejiaotang group exhibited a shortened sleep latency (
P
<
0.01), and increased sleep maintenance (
P
<
0.01). The low-dose Huanglian Ejiaotang group showed increased central area activity time (
P
<
0.01) and an increased sugar preference rate (
P
<
0.05). The high-dose Huanglian Ejiaotang group exhibited increased levels of 5-HT, 5-HIAA, TPH, and MAO-A (
P
<
0.01), increased 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio (
P
<
0.05), upregulated mRNA expression of 5-HT1AR (
P
<
0.01), and downregulated mRNA expression of 5-HT2AR (
P
<
0.05). The low-dose Huanglian Ejiaotang group displayed an increased proportion of Firmicutes and a decreased proportion of Bacteroidetes, resulting in an increased F/B ratio. At the phylum level, 5-HT, 5-HIAA, and MAO-A were positively correlated with Firmicutes and negatively correlated with Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, 5-HT, 5-HIAA, TPH, and MAO-A were negatively correlated with
Prevotella
and
Lactobacillus
and positively correlated with
Blautia
and
Bacteroides
.
Conclusion
2
Huanglian Ejiaotang can improve sleep deprivation-induced insomnia and depressive-like behavior by regulating the activity of the 5-HT system and the composition of gut microbiota.
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