LIU Zhiming,WANG Xiaolin,ZHOU Jianhong,et al.Jiedu Huoxue Prescription Regulates NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 to Promote Vascular Reendothelialization in Rat Model of Injured Thoracic Aorta[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(23):56-63.
LIU Zhiming,WANG Xiaolin,ZHOU Jianhong,et al.Jiedu Huoxue Prescription Regulates NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 to Promote Vascular Reendothelialization in Rat Model of Injured Thoracic Aorta[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(23):56-63. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20231537.
Jiedu Huoxue Prescription Regulates NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 to Promote Vascular Reendothelialization in Rat Model of Injured Thoracic Aorta
To investigate the mechanism of Jiedu Huoxue prescription in promoting the reendothelialization of injured vessels by regulating the nuclear factor (NF)-
κ
B/NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/cysteine-aspartic acid protease (Caspase)-1-mediated pyroptosis.
Method
2
A rat model of injured thoracic aorta was established by balloon injury, and 36 rats were assigned into shame surgery, model, low-, medium-, and high-dose Jiedu Huoxue prescription, and atorvastatin calcium tablet groups. The injured aortic segment was collected 28 days after surgery. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Evans blue staining were conducted to reveal the changes of vascular structural morphology and the reendothelialization of blood vessels, respectively. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to determine the levels of tumor necrosis factor-
, and nitric oxide (NO) in the serum. Western blotting was employed to determine the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), NF-
κ
B p65, phospho-NF-
κ
B p65 (p-NF-
κ
B p65), NLRP3, and Caspase-1 in the vascular tissue.
Result
2
The model group showed thickened endovascular membrane, proliferation and disarrangement of smooth muscle cells of the artery wall, obvious inflammatory cell infiltration, and narrowed luminal area. Jiedu Huoxue prescription and atorvastatin calcium tablets mitigated the pathological changes of the thoracic aorta in different degrees. After balloon injury, the endothelial coverage rate of the model group decreased significantly, while Jiedu Huoxue prescription and atorvastatin calcium tablets increased the reendothelialization rate (
P
<
0.05). Compared with the shame surgery group, the model group showed elevated levels of TNF-
α
, ICAM-1, and IL-1
β
(
P
<
0.01) and lowered NO level (
P
<
0.01) in the serum. In addition, the model group presented down-regulated protein level of eNOS (
P
<
0.01) and up-regulated phosphorylation of pyroptosis-associated proteins NLPR3, Caspase-1, and NF-
κ
B p65 in the vascular tissue (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, Jiedu Huoxue prescription and atorvastatin calcium tablets lowered TNF-
α
, ICAM-1, and IL-1
β
levels (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01) and elevated the NO level in the serum (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). Moreover, the drugs up-regulated the expression of eNOS (
P
<
0.01) and down-regulated the expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and NF-
κ
B p65 (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01) in the vascular tissue.
Conclusion
2
Jiedu Huoxue prescription can promote the reendothelialization and inhibit the intimal hyperplasia of vessels after balloon injury by regulating the NF-
κ
B/NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway to inhibit pyroptosis and reduce endothelial inflammatory injury.
LAWTON J S,TAMIS-HOLLAND J E,BANGALORE S,et al.2021 ACC/AHA/SCAI guideline for coronary artery revascularization: Executive summary:A report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines[J].Circulation,2022,145(3):e4-e17.
YANG X,YANG Y,GUO J,et al.Targeting the epigenome in in-stent restenosis:From mechanisms to therapy[J].Mol Ther Nucleic Acids,2021,23:1136-1160.
LIU W,HUANG J,HE S, et al.Senescent endothelial cells' response to the degradation of bioresorbable scaffold induces intimal dysfunction accelerating in-stent restenosi[J].Acta Biomater,2023,166:266-277.
ZOU G,ZHU J,LIU Z,et al.Detoxification and activating blood circulation decoction reduces restenosis involving the TLR4/NF-κB pathway after balloon injury[J].Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat,2019,140:1-8.
HU S,WU Y,ZHAO B,et al.Panax notoginseng saponins protect cerebral microvascular endothelial cells against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced barrier dysfunction via activation of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathway[J].Molecules,2018,23(11):2781.
YANG X,YANG Y,GUO J,et al.Targeting the epigenome in in-stent restenosis:From mechanisms to therapy[J].Mol Ther Nucleic Acids,2021,23:1136-1160.
WANG X, FANG F, NI Y, et al. The combined contribution of vascular endothelial cell migra-tion and adhesion to stent re-endothelialization[J].Front Cell Dev Biol,2021,9:641382.
JIN S W,PHAM H T,CHOI J H,et al.Impressic acid, a lupane-type triterpenoid from acanthopanax koreanum, attenuates TNF-α-induced endothelial dysfunction via activation of eNOS/NO pathway[J].Int J Mol Sci,2019,20(22):5772.
JIN Z,LUO Y,ZHAO H,et al.Qingre Huoxue decoction regulates macrophage polarisation to attenuate atherosclerosis through the inhibition of NF-κB signalling-mediated inflammation[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2023,301:115787.