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1.湖北中医药大学 基础医学院,武汉 430065
2.湖北时珍实验室,武汉 430065
3.湖北中医药大学 实验动物中心,武汉 430065
4.湖北中医药大学 中医学院,武汉 430065
Received:12 November 2024,
Accepted:24 December 2024,
Published Online:06 January 2025,
Published:20 July 2025
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刘轶群,萧闵,江晓翠等.疏肝补肾毓麟汤通过IRS/Akt/FoxO1信号通路改善弱精子症大鼠睾丸生精功能的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(14):76-85.
LIU Yiqun,XIAO Min,JIANG Xiaocui,et al.Shugan Bushen Yulin Decoction Improves Testicular Spermatogenic Function in Rat Model of Oligoasthenospermia via IRS/Akt/FoxO1 Signaling Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(14):76-85.
刘轶群,萧闵,江晓翠等.疏肝补肾毓麟汤通过IRS/Akt/FoxO1信号通路改善弱精子症大鼠睾丸生精功能的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(14):76-85. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20242439.
LIU Yiqun,XIAO Min,JIANG Xiaocui,et al.Shugan Bushen Yulin Decoction Improves Testicular Spermatogenic Function in Rat Model of Oligoasthenospermia via IRS/Akt/FoxO1 Signaling Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(14):76-85. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20242439.
目的
2
基于胰岛素受体底物(IRS)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/叉头框蛋白O1(FoxO1)信号通路,研究疏肝补肾毓麟汤提升弱精子症大鼠生精功能的作用机制。
方法
2
将48只适应性喂养后的雄性大鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,疏肝补肾毓麟汤低、中、高剂量组(5.175、10.35、20.7 g·kg
-1
)及左卡尼汀组(0.27 g·kg
-1
),每组8只。除空白组外,其余组用腺嘌呤(50 mg·kg
-1
)灌胃14 d造模。造模完成后,疏肝补肾毓麟汤低、中、高剂量组分别给予疏肝补肾毓麟汤灌胃给药,左卡尼汀组给予左卡尼汀灌胃给药,空白组灌胃生理盐水,连续28 d。末次给药治疗24 h后处死小鼠取材,称体质量及睾丸、附睾质量;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察睾丸和附睾的病理变化,对大鼠的睾丸生精功能进行评分;酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测大鼠血清睾酮(T)、促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)及丙二醛(MDA)的水平,以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性;原位末端标记法(TUNEL)检测睾丸细胞凋亡率;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)和实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)分别检测大鼠睾丸胰岛素受体底物1(IRS1)、胰岛素受体底物2(IRS2)、Akt、磷酸化(p)-Akt、FoxO1、p-FoxO1蛋白及mRNA表达水平。
结果
2
与空白组比较,模型组睾丸、附睾指数降低,生精功能降低,且精子密度及精子活动率也明显下降,大鼠血清FSH、LH、T水平及SOD、GSH-Px活性显著降低及MDA水平升高,大鼠睾丸细胞凋亡水平显著增加,大鼠睾丸组织IRS1、IR
S2、Akt蛋白及mRNA表达量显著下调、FoxO1蛋白及mRNA显著上调(
P<
0.01);与模型组比较,疏肝补肾毓麟汤各剂量组大鼠睾丸、附睾指数回升,生精功能提高,精子密度及精子活动率改善,大鼠血清FSH、LH、T水平及SOD、GSH-Px活性升高及MDA水平降低,大鼠睾丸细胞凋亡水平得到抑制,大鼠睾丸组织IRS1、IRS2、Akt蛋白及mRNA表达量显著上调、FoxO1蛋白及mRNA表达量明显下调(
P<
0.05,
P<
0.01)。
结论
2
疏肝补肾毓麟汤能通过调节IRS/Akt/FoxO1信号通路抑制弱精子症大鼠睾丸生精细胞凋亡,改善生精功能从而提高精子质量。
Objective
2
To explore the mechanism by which Shugan Bushen Yunlin decoction enhances the spermatogenic function in the rat model of oligoasthenospermia based on the insulin receptor substrate (IRS)/protein kinase B (Akt)/forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) signaling pathway.
Methods
2
Forty-eight male rats were randomly assigned to the blank, model, low-, medium-, and high-dose (5.175, 10.35, and 20.7 g·kg
-1
, respectively) Shugan Bushen Yunlin decoction, and levocarnitine (0.27 g·kg
-1
) groups, with 8 rats in each group. Apart from the blank group, the other groups were administrated with adenine (50 mg·kg
-1
) by gavage for 14 days for modeling. Once the model was established, rats in the blank and model groups were administrated with normal saline, and those in other groups were administrated with corresponding agents by gavage for 28 consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, the rats were sacrificed, and their body weights, testis weights, and epididymis weights were measured. The pathological alterations in the testis and epididymis were inspected through hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the spermatogenic function of the testis was assessed. The levels of testosterone (T), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The rate of apoptosis in the testis was detected by t
erminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling. The protein and mRNA levels of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2), Akt, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), FoxO1, and phosphorylated FoxO1 (p-FoxO1) were determined by Western blot and Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR), respectively.
Results
2
Compared with the blank group, the model group exhibited declined testis and epididymis indexes, impaired spermatogenesis, conspicuously decreased sperm density and activity, significantly lowered serum levels of FSH, LH, and T, significantly reduced activities of SOD and GSH-Px, and a significantly elevated MDA level. Moreover, the model group exhibited increased apoptosis, down-regulated protein and mRNA levels of IRS1, IRS2, and Akt, and up-regulated protein and mRNA levels of FoxO1 in the testis tissue (
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, the three groups of Shugan Bushen Yulin decoction exhibited increased testis and epididymis indexes, improved spermatogenesis, sperm density, and sperm activity, risen levels of FSH, LH, and T in the serum, enhanced activities of SOD and GSH-Px, suppressed apoptosis in the testis, up-regulated protein and mRNA levels of IRS1, IRS2, and Akt, and down-regulated protein and mRNA levels of FoxO1 (
P<
0.05,
P<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
Shulian Bushen Yulin decoction is capable of regulating the IRS/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway to prevent the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in the rat model of oligoasthenospermia, thereby enhancing spermatogenesis and improving sperm quality.
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