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1.北京中医药大学 第二临床医学院,北京 100078
2.北京中医药大学 东方医院,北京 100078
Received:08 May 2025,
Revised:2025-07-15,
Accepted:22 July 2025,
Online First:08 August 2025,
Published:20 October 2026
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秦淑琦,郭翔宇,杨魏壕等.3 009例中风病高危人群颈动脉斑块中西医结合风险预测模型构建及验证[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(20):242-250.
QIN Shuqi,GUO Xiangyu,YANG Weihao,et al.Construction and Validation of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Risk Prediction Model for Carotid Artery Plaques in 3 009 Individuals with High-risk of Stroke[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(20):242-250.
秦淑琦,郭翔宇,杨魏壕等.3 009例中风病高危人群颈动脉斑块中西医结合风险预测模型构建及验证[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(20):242-250. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20250912.
QIN Shuqi,GUO Xiangyu,YANG Weihao,et al.Construction and Validation of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Risk Prediction Model for Carotid Artery Plaques in 3 009 Individuals with High-risk of Stroke[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(20):242-250. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20250912.
目的
2
基于5种机器学习方法构建中风病高危人群颈动脉斑块风险预测模型。
方法
2
收集脑卒中高危人群的临床资料,对其中医症状和舌脉进行因子分析和证候要素统计,基于因子分析结果及变量筛选,使用分类与回归树(CART)决策树、支持向量机(SVM)、反向传播(BP)神经网络、逻辑回归及随机森林5种机器学习方法进行颈动脉斑块风险预测模型构建。
结果
2
中风病高危人群证候要素分布最多的是气虚,其中有颈动脉斑块人群气虚、阴虚、阳虚证候要素的得分明显高于无颈动脉斑块人群(
P
<
0.05)。CART决策树、支持向量机、逻辑回归、BP神经网络及随机森林模型的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(ROC)分别为0.71、0.75、0.76、0.76、0.75,准确率分别为68.94%、69.27%、69.44%、70.10%、69.60%,精确率分别为68.56%、68.53%、68.75%、69.74%、69.42%,召回率分别为68.91%、67.93%、67.92%、68.10%、67.31%,
F
1
值分别为0.69、0.68、0.68、0.68、0.68。
结论
2
中风病高危人群中证候要素分布最多的是气虚,其余主要为火热、阴虚、阳虚、痰湿、血瘀、气滞。虚证可能是导致中风病高危人群颈动脉斑块的重要因素。神经网络模型在构建中风病高危人群颈动脉斑块风险预测模型时具有更好的性能,颈动脉斑块人群更易出现头重如裹、头晕、头痛、脉细的表现,基层社区使用神经网络模型进行40岁以上中风病高危人群的颈动脉斑块风险预测时获益更广。
Objective
2
To construct a risk prediction model for carotid artery plaques in high-risk populations of stroke based on five machine learning methods.
Methods
2
The clinical information of the high-risk population of stroke was collected. Factor analysis and statistical analysis of syndrome elements were conducted on their traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms and tongue and pulse manifestations. On the basis of the results of factor analysis and variable screening, five machine learning methods-classification and regression tree (CART) decision tree, support vector machine (SVM), back propagation(BP) neural network, logistic regression, and random forest-were used to construct the risk prediction model for carotid artery plaques.
Results
2
The most common TCM syndrome elements in the high-risk population of stroke was Qi deficiency. The scores of Qi deficiency, Yin deficiency, and Yang deficiency in the population with carotid artery plaques were higher than those without carotid artery plaques (
P
<
0.05).
The CART decision tree, SVM, logistic regression, BP neural network, and random forest models showed the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of 0.71, 0.75, 0.76, 0.76, and 0.75, the accuracy rates of 68.94%, 69.27%, 69.44%, 70.10%, and 69.60%, the precision rates of 68.56%, 68.53%, 68.75%, 69.74%, and 69.42%, the recall rates of 68.91%, 67.93%, 67.92%, 68.10%, and 67.31%, and the
F
1
values of 0.69, 0.68, 0.68, 0.68, and 0.68, respectively.
Conclusion
2
Among the high-risk population of stroke, the most frequently distributed TCM syndrome element is Qi deficiency, with the rest mainly being fire heat, Yin deficiency, Yang deficiency, phlegm dampness, blood stasis, and Qi stagnation. Deficiency syndrome may be a major factor leading to carotid artery plaques in the high-risk population of stroke. The BP neural network model demonstrates better performance in predicting the risk of carotid artery plaques in the high-risk population of stroke. People with carotid artery plaques are more likely to present with symptoms such as a heavy head, dizziness, headache, and thready pulse. The primary community benefits more widely when the BP neural network model is adopted to predict the risk of carotid artery plaques in the high-risk population of stroke over 40 years old.
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