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1.陕西中医药大学 第一临床医学院,陕西 咸阳 712046
2.中国中医科学院 医学实验中心,北京 100700
3.北京中医药大学,北京 100105
Received:23 August 2024,
Accepted:04 December 2024,
Published Online:03 December 2024,
Published:20 July 2025
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宋冠慧,樊丹平,李艳等.基于Nrf2通路与巨噬细胞活化探讨克癃胶囊治疗良性前列腺增生的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(14):68-75.
SONG Guanhui,FAN Danping,LI Yan,et al.Exploring Mechanism of Kelong Capsules in Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Based on Nrf2 Pathway and Macrophage Activation[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(14):68-75.
宋冠慧,樊丹平,李艳等.基于Nrf2通路与巨噬细胞活化探讨克癃胶囊治疗良性前列腺增生的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(14):68-75. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20251068.
SONG Guanhui,FAN Danping,LI Yan,et al.Exploring Mechanism of Kelong Capsules in Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Based on Nrf2 Pathway and Macrophage Activation[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(14):68-75. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20251068.
目的
2
基于核转录因子E
2
相关因子(Nrf2)研究克癃胶囊改善良性前列腺增生(BPH)的分子机制。
方法
2
60只SPF雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,假手术组,阳性药组(非那雄胺0.45 mg·kg
-1
),克癃胶囊高、中、低剂量组(14.4、7.2、3.6 g·kg
-1
)。模型组及各给药组采用睾丸切除后皮下注射丙酸睾酮的方法建立BPH模型,除正常组、假手术组外,各组大鼠在双侧睾丸切除后第8天,皮下注射丙酸睾酮的同时灌胃给予相应药物(模型组给予纯水)。持续给药28 d后,称定大鼠体质量,处死大鼠并取前列腺,称定前列腺湿质量,计算前列腺指数;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察前列腺组织的病理学变化;免疫组化(IHC)检测大鼠前列腺组织中CD68、Nrf2、还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸或磷酸盐[NAD(P)H]醌氧化还原酶1(NQO1)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-
α
和IL-1
β
水平的变化;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测大鼠前列腺组织中CD68、CD80、CD86 mRNA的水平;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测大鼠前列腺组织中CD68、Nrf2和NQO1蛋白表达水平。
结果
2
与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠前列腺指数显著升高(
P
<
0.01),并呈现典型病理改变,包括腺上皮增厚、腺泡腔面积缩小及腺腔内分泌物增加;前列腺组织中CD68
+
巨噬细胞浸润显著增加(
P
<
0.01),同时促炎指标CD68、IL-6、TNF-
α
、IL-1
β
蛋白及mRNA表达均显著上调(
P
<
0.01),而抗氧化指标Nrf2、NQO1蛋白表达显著下调(
P
<
0.01)。与模型组比较,各给药组前列腺指数显著降低(
P
<
0.01),病理特征明显改善,表现为腺泡腔面积增加、腺上皮和平滑肌厚度减少;克癃胶囊高、中剂量可明显减少CD68
+
巨噬细胞浸润(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),下调巨噬细胞相关标志物CD68、CD80、CD86 mRNA的表达水平(
P
<
0.01),同时上调Nrf2、NQO1蛋白的表达水平(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),降低IL-6、TNF-
α
、IL-1
β
等炎症因子水平(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
克癃胶囊可能通过抑制巨噬细胞活化、减轻氧化应激和炎症反应等多重机制发挥治疗BPH的作用。
Objective
2
To study the molecular mechanism of Kelong capsules in improving benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) based on nuclear transcription factor E
2
-related factor 2(Nrf2).
Methods
2
Sixty SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, sham operation group, positive drug group(finasteride group, 0.45 mg·kg
-1
), and high, medium and low dose groups of Kelong capsules(14.4, 7.2, 3.6 g·kg
-1
). The BPH model was established by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate after orchiectomy. Except for the normal group and sham operation group, rats in the other groups were given testosterone propionate by subcutaneous injection and the corresponding drugs by intragastric administration(pure water was given to the model group) on the 8
th
day after orchiectomy. After continuous administration for 28 d, the body weight of rats was measured, then rats were executed and prostate was removed, the prostate wet weight of rats was measured and the prostate index was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of prostate tissue, the levels of CD68, Nrf2, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or phosphate[NAD(P)H]quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1), interleukin(IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor(TNF) -
α
and IL-1
β
in prostate tissues of rats were detected by immunohisto
chemistry(IHC), the mRNA expression levels of CD68, CD80 and CD86 in rat prostate tissues were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR), and the protein expression levels of CD68, Nrf2 and NQO1 in prostate tissues of rats were detected by Western blot.
Results
2
Compared with the sham operation group, the prostate index of rats in the model group was significantly increased(
P
<
0.01), and typical pathological changes were presented, including thickening of glandular epithelium, reduction of acinar cavity area and increase of secretions in the glandular cavity, the infiltration of CD68
+
macrophages in the prostate tissues significantly increased(
P
<
0.01), and the expressions of pro-inflammatory indexes(CD68, IL-6, TNF-
α
, IL-1
β
proteins and mRNA) were significantly up-regulated(
P
<
0.01), while the expressions of antioxidant indexes(Nrf2 and NQO1 proteins) were down-regulated(
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, the prostate index in each administration group decreased significantly(
P
<
0.01), and the pathological characteristics improved significantly, manifested as an increase in the area of acinar cavity and a decrease in the thickness of glandular epithelium and smooth muscle. High and medium doses of Kelong capsules could significantly reduce the infiltration of CD68
+
macrophages(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), down-regulate the mRNA expression levels of macrophage-related markers(CD68, CD80 and CD86)(
P
<
0.01), while simultaneously up-regulate the protein expression levels of Nrf2、NQO1(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and reduce the levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-6, TNF-
α
and IL-1
β
(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
Kelong capsules may exert its therapeutic effect on BPH through multiple mechanisms such as inhibiting macrophage activation, reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory response.
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