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中国中医科学院 医学实验中心,北京 100700
Received:19 August 2025,
Revised:2025-11-10,
Accepted:12 November 2025,
Online First:14 November 2025,
Published:20 April 2026
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张子琦,欧阳竞锋.黄芩素对帕金森病模型大鼠的神经功能保护作用及对PERK/ATF4内质网应激通路的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(08):74-81.
ZHANG Ziqi,OUYANG Jingfeng.Neuroprotective Effect of Baicalein in Parkinson's Disease Model Rats and Its Impact on PERK/ATF4 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(08):74-81.
张子琦,欧阳竞锋.黄芩素对帕金森病模型大鼠的神经功能保护作用及对PERK/ATF4内质网应激通路的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(08):74-81. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20252237.
ZHANG Ziqi,OUYANG Jingfeng.Neuroprotective Effect of Baicalein in Parkinson's Disease Model Rats and Its Impact on PERK/ATF4 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(08):74-81. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20252237.
目的
2
探讨黄芩素(BAI)通过调控内质网应激通路对帕金森病(PD)模型大鼠的神经保护机制。
方法
2
72只SD大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,BAI低、中、高剂量组(80、120、160 mg·kg
-1
)及多巴丝肼组(51 mg·kg
-1
),每组12只。除正常组外,其余各组大鼠颈背部皮下注射鱼藤酮溶液2 mg·kg
-1
连续28 d制备PD大鼠模型。造模的同时各组大鼠给予相应药物进行灌胃28 d。给药结束后通过旷场实验、爬杆测试评估行为学改变;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法与原位末端标记法(TUNEL)观察黑质神经元病理及凋亡;免疫组化法(IHC)检测
α
-突触核蛋白(
α
-Syn)和酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)表达;酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测炎症因子[白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-1
β
、肿瘤坏死因子-
α
(TNF-
α
)];蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测蛋白激酶样内质网激酶(PERK)、激活转录因子4(ATF4)、C/EBP同源蛋白(CHOP)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)蛋白表达。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组大鼠运动路程显著减少,爬杆评分显著升高(
P
<
0.01),神经元凋亡率显著升高(
P
<
0.01),
α
-Syn表达显著增加(
P
<
0.01),TH表达显著降低(
P
<
0.01),炎症因子释放明显增加(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),PERK/ATF4信号通路蛋白及促凋亡因子Bax的蛋白表达均明显增加(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);与模型组比较,BAI中、高剂量组和多巴丝肼组大鼠明显改善运动功能(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),降低爬杆评分(
P
<
0.05),显著减少神经元凋亡率(
P
<
0.01),显著下调
α
-Syn表达(
P
<
0.01)并明显上调TH表达(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),抑制炎症因子释放(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),同时明显下调PERK/ATF4信号通路蛋白及促凋亡因子Bax的蛋白表达(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
BAI能够减少PD模型大鼠的神经炎症因子释放和神经细胞凋亡,改善神经功能,其机制可能与调控PERK/ATF4信号通路减轻内质网应激及细胞凋亡有关。
Objective
2
To investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of baicalein (BAI) on Parkinson's disease (PD) model rats by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.
Methods
2
Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, BAI low-d
ose group (80 mg·kg
-1
), medium-dose group (120 mg·kg
-1
), high-dose group (160 mg·kg
-1
), and levodopa-benserazide group (51 mg·kg
-1
), with 12 rats per group. Except for the normal group, PD rat models were established by subcutaneous injection of rotenone solution (2 mg·kg
-1
) into the neck back of rats in the rest of groups for consecutive 28 days. Concurrently, rats in all groups received corresponding drugs via gavage for 28 days. After treatment, behavioral changes were assessed by using the open field and pole climbing tests. Neuronal pathology and apoptosis in the substantia nigra were observed via hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay.
α
-Synuclein and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Inflammatory factors such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1
β
(IL-1
β
), and tumor necrosis factor-
α
(TNF-
α
) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) expressions were analyzed by Western blot.
Results
2
Compared with the normal group, the model group exhibited significantly reduced locomotion distance (
P
<
0.01) and elevated pole-climbing scores (
P
<
0.01), with increased neuronal apoptosis rate (
P
<
0.01), significantly enhanced
α
-Synuclein expression (
P
<
0.01), decreased TH expression (
P
<
0.01), upregulated release of inflammatory factors (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and increased protein expressions of PERK/ATF4 pathway proteins and pro-apoptotic Bax (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, medium/high-dose
BAI groups and levodopa-benserazide group showed obviously improved motor function (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), reduced pole-climbing scores (
P
<
0.05), decreased neuronal apoptosis (
P
<
0.01), downregulated
α
-Synuclein expression (
P
<
0.01), upregulated TH expression (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), suppressed release of inflammatory factors (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and decreased protein expressions of PERK/ATF4 pathway proteins and pro-apoptotic Bax (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
BAI reduces the release of neuroinflammatory factors and neuronal apoptosis to improve the neurological function of PD model rats, and its mechanism may be related to alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis by regulating the PERK/ATF4 pathway.
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