最新刊期
卷 29 ， 期 1 ， 2023
- 摘要：The famous classical formulae are epitomes of the clinical practice experience created by doctors in history， as an important symbol of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） theory and clinical treatment approaches， it has been given a new concept connotation and become one of the breakthroughs for the development of TCM in the new era. Due to the limitations of historical literature and different cognitive perspectives of literature research， there are still common problems in determination of the dosage， original materials， processing and decocting method for the famous classical formulae， which hinder its development and registration process. In the history of more than 2 000 years， famous classical formulae have been developed in the continuous clinical application of practice. This paper systematically reviewed the evolution of the concept and history of the famous classical formulae， and introduced the evolution of the famous classical formulae in terms of name， composition， medicine， dosage， decocting method and clinical functions， including the stability of basic prescription composition， differentiation of drug bases， the progress of processing methods， the characteristics of dosages in different historical periods and the expansion of functions. In view of the research of the key information for famous classical formulae， the paper puts forward the suggestion of paying more attention to the evolution of prescriptions in the past dynasties. In textual research， we should combine the changes of medicinal resources， habits of drug use and production technology of the past dynasties， so as to bridge the ancient and modern. As to the dosage selection， we should be based on the weights and measures of all dynasties and current clinical practice to select rational dosage and decocting method. On the basis of inheriting the essence， follows the ancient but not be bounded by it， and solves the common problems in the textual research of key information from the perspective of history and development.关键词：famous classical formulas;literature research;prescription derivation;research and development of compound preparations;herbal textual research;historical evolution;processing of traditional Chinese medicine
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Gualou Xiebai Banxiatang on mitochondrial dysfunction and adenosine 5'-monophosphate （AMP）-activated protein kinase （AMPK）/peroxlsome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactlvator-1α （PGC-1α） signaling pathway in rats with ischemic myocardial injury.MethodSeventy male SD rats were used in this experiment. Six rats from them were randomly selected as the control （CON） group， and the others were given high fat diet combined with isoproterenol injection （5 mg·kg-1·d-1， 7 d） to induce the rat model of ischemic heart disease based on hyperlipidemia. Successfully modeled rats were then randomly divided into model （MOD） group， high-dose Gualou Xiebai Banxiatang （GXBD-H） group， medium-dose Gualou Xiebai Banxiatang （GXBD-M） group， low-dose Gualou Xiebai Banxiatang （GXBD-L） group， and metoprolol （MET） group. Rats in the GXBD-H， GXBD-M， and GXBD-L groups were given 11.2， 5.6， 2.8 g·kg-1·d-1 Gualou Xiebai Banxiatang， those in the MET group were given 2.6 mg·kg-1·d-1 metoprolol， and those in the CON and MOD groups were given equal volume of pure water for 28 d. Hemodynamics were measured in rats by cardiac catheterization. Transmission electron microscopy was used to analyze myocardial mitochondria. Serum brain natriuretic peptide （BNP） and cardiac troponin T （cTnT） levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit （JC-1 method） was applied for detecting mitochondrial membrane potential. The changes in the mitochondrial DNA copy number were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The content of adenosine triphosphate （ATP） in myocardial tissues was determined by spectrophotometer. The expression levels of p-AMPK， AMPK， PGC-1α， nuclear respiratory factor 1 （NRF1）， and mitochondrial transcription factor A （TFAM） in myocardium was detected by Western blot.ResultAs compared with the CON group， left ventricular end-systolic pressure （LVESP） and left ventricular end-diastole pressure （LVEDP） in the MOD group were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and +dp/dtmax and -dp/dtmax were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. In the MOD group， cardiac index and myocardial interstitial fibrosis area were significantly increased （P<0.01）， accompanied by mitochondrial damage， serum BNP， cTnT， and malondialdehyde （MDA） were significantly increased （P<0.01）， and serum superoxide dismutase （SOD） level was significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The myocardial mitochondrial membrane potential， DNA copy number， and ATP level were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， and the protein expression levels of p-AMPK/AMPK， PGC-1α， NRF1， and TFAM in myocardial tissues were significantly decreased in the MOD group （P<0.01）. Compared with the MOD group， the GXBD-H and GXBD-M groups significantly improved LVESP， LVEDP， +dp/dtmax， and -dp/dtmax （P<0.05， P<0.01）， significantly decreased heart index and myocardial interstitial fibrosis area （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and alleviated mitochondrial damage. In the GXBD-H and GXBD-M groups， serum BNP， cTnT， and MDA were decreased significantly （P<0.05， P<0.01）， serum SOD level was increased significantly （P<0.05）， and myocardial mitochondrial membrane potential， DNA copy number， and ATP level were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The protein levels of p-AMPK/AMPK， PGC-1α， NRF1， and TFAM in myocardial tissues were significantly increased in the GXBD-H and GXBD-M groups （P<0.05， P<0.01）.ConclusionGualou Xiebai Banxiatang has the effects of reducing the changes in cardiac function and myocardial pathology of rats with myocardial injury， inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction， and up-regulating the protein expression levels of p-AMPK/AMPK， PGC-1α， NRF1， and TFAM in myocardial tissues. This study provides new laboratory evidence for in-depth exploration of the mechanism of this classical compound in preventing and treating myocardial injury.关键词：Gualou Xiebai Banxiatang;ischemic heart disease;mitochondrial dysfunction;adenosine 5’-monophosphate （AMP）-activated protein kinase （AMPK）;peroxlsome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactlvator-1α （PGC-1α）
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effects of the water extract of modified Xiao Xianxiongtang on microenvironment of gastric cancer MGC-803 cells， and to explore its possible mechanism in inhibiting the invasion and metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation （EMT） of MGC-803 cells and regulating Wnt5a/Ca2+/nuclear factor of activated T-cells （NFAT） signaling pathway by regulating microenvironment.MethodThe model of MGC-803 cells was established by transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）. The MGC-803 cells were divided into blank group， model group， and modified Xiao Xianxiongtang （10， 20， 40 mg·L-1） groups. After transfection of Wnt5a overexpression plasmid， they were divided into pEX-normal control （NC） group， pEX-Wnt5a group， pEX-NC+modified Xiao Xianxiongtang （40 mg·L-1） group and pEX-Wnt5a+modified Xiao Xianxiongtang （40 mg·L-1） group. The invasion ability， migration ability， key factors of microenvironment， epithelial mesenchymal transformation （EMT） gene， Wnt5a， calcineurin （CaN）， NFAT1， phosphorylated （p）-NFAT1 and NFAT1 nuclear protein expression and cell Ca2+ concentration of MGC-803 cells were observed.ResultCompared with the blank group， the microenvironment in the model group was significantly up-regulated（P<0.01）， and compared with the model group， modified Xiao Xianxiongtang （10，20， 40 mg·L-1） could significantly inhibit the microenvironment（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Further experiments showed that compared with the blank group， the number of invasive cells increased， the scratch rate increased， the microenvironmental factors and EMT gene were activated and the Wnt5a/Ca2+/NFAT pathway was activated in the model group after overexpression of Wnt5a. Compared with the model group， modified Xiao Xianxiongtang could inhibit cell distant invasion and reduce healing， inhibit microenvironment， EMT development， and Wnt5a/Ca2+/NFAT signal transduction， reduce NFAT1 nuclear expression and NFAT1-mediated transcriptional activity， thus reduce cell Ca2+ concentration， and reverse the effect of Wnt5a （P<0.05， P<0.01）.ConclusionModified Xiao Xianxiongtang could regulate Wnt5a/Ca2+/NFAT pathway and inhibit the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer and EMT progression by improving tumor microenvironment.关键词：microenvironment;modified Xiao Xianxiongtang;MGC-803 cell;gastric cancer;invasion and metastasis
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Yuejuwan in the treatment of psychological and heart diseases （PHD） and explore its mechanism.MethodThirty 6-week-old healthy male SPF AopE-/- mice and 10 homologous C57BL/6J mice were selected for the experiment. The 30 AopE-/- mice were divided into a model group， low-dose （7.58 g·kg-1·d-1） and high-dose （30.32 g·kg-1·d-1） Yuejuwan groups， with 10 mice in each group， and 10 C57BL/6J mice were assigned to the blank control group. Intragastrical administration lasted 12 weeks. During feeding， the PHD model was induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS） combined with high-fat diet in mice. After intragastric administration， the behavioral results ［open field test （OFT） and sucrose preference test （SPT）］ of mice in each group， the content of aspartic transaminase （AST）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， noradrenaline （NE）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， total cholesterol （TC）， and triglyceride （TG） in serum of mice detected by the automatic biochemical analyzer， the oil red O staining and HE staining of aorta and liver and Masson staining of myocardial tissues were used for model evaluation. Finally， liver TMT-labeled quantitative proteomics was used to explore the mechanism of action.ResultThe model mice showed obvious manifestations of depression， anxiety， loss of interest， and despair， manifest lipid deposition in the aorta and liver by pathological observation， and increased myocardial fibrosis in myocardial tissues. After intragastric administration of Yuejuwan， the above symptoms and indexes of the PHD model mice were improved. Compared with the blank control group， the model group showed decreased standing times， cumulative time in the central area， total moving distance， moving speed， and sucrose preference at week 12 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Yuejuwan groups showed decreased indexes mentioned above （P<0.01）. After sample collection， AST， ALT， and TG levels in the model group were higher （P<0.01） and the levels of 5-HT， NE， and HDL-C were lower than those in the blank control group （P<0.01）. The results of liver TMT labeled quantitative proteomics suggested that the PHD model mainly caused the changes in protein expression levels such as ApoE， UGT1A5， and FASN in mice，involving acetyl CoA metabolism，response to bacteria，cellular amino acid catabolism， and other processes，which were related to the abnormal metabolic function of the liver. The efficacy of Yuejuwan against PHD was achieved mainly through the regulation of high mobility group nucleosomal-binding domain 2 （HMGN2）， CALD1， and Mup7 protein expression levels and correcting the biological processes and abnormal pathways related to the pathogenesis of PHD，including muscle contraction，tight junction pathway，myocardial contraction pathway，and focal adhesion pathway.ConclusionCUMS combined with high-fat diet is reasonable in the induction of the PHD model in AopE-/- mice. Yuejuwan can correct the depression and anxiety conditions of PHD model mice，reduce the aortic plaque， and recover the abnormal blood lipid and liver function levels. Furthermore， Yuejuwan can correct abnormal biological processes and pathways of PHD model mice. The differential proteins screened throughout the experiment and the involved physiological and pathological changes are the focus of the next experiment.关键词：Yuejuwan;psychological and heart diseases;prevention and treatment;liver;TMT labeled quantitative proteomics
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Hoveniae Semen， Flos Puerariae and their combinations on acute alcoholic liver disease and provide a scientific basis for the drug use in clinical practice and the research on other alcoholic diseases.MethodThe acute alcoholic liver injury model of mice was established by one-time gavage with 56% （V/V） Hongxing Erguotou liquor （12 mL·kg-1）. One hundred and twenty male ICR mice were randomly assigned into blank group， model group， silybin group， Flos Puerariae group， Hoveniae Semen group， and Flos Puerariae-Hoveniae Semen combination groups （ratios of 1∶1， 1∶2 and 2∶1， respectively）， with 15 mice in each group. Each group was administrated with 10 mL·kg-1 corresponding preventive drugs for 3 days by gavage. Except the blank group， the other groups were given Erguotou liquor by gavage at 12 mL·kg-1. The mice were sacrificed 12 h after drinking for the observation of liver function and oxidative stress. The pathological changes of liver were observed via hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Western blot was employed to determine the expression levels of proteins in the Kelch-like Ech-associated protein 1 （Keap1）/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）/antioxidant response element （ARE） signaling pathway. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect mRNA levels of related genes.ResultCompared with control group， the modeling elevated the levels of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alkaline phosphatase （ALP） in the serum and the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） and reactive oxygen species （ROS） in liver tissue （P<0.01） and decreased the activities of glutathione （GSH） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expressions of Keap1 were significantly increased （P<0.05，P<0.01）， mRNA and protein expressions of Nrf2 were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with model group， Flos Puerariae-Hoveniae Semen 2∶1 lowered the levels of ALT， AST and ALP in the serum （P<0.01） and MDA and ROS in the liver （P<0.01）， and increased the activities of GSH and SOD （P<0.01）. Moreover， it alleviated the hepatic steatosis injury， up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of Nrf2 （P<0.01）， and down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of Keap1 （P<0.01）.ConclusionFlos Puerariae， Hoveniae Semen and their combinations may exert the pre-protective effect on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway in the liver and restoring the liver oxidative balance destroyed by ethanol to inhibit the development of alcoholic liver disease .关键词：Flos Puerariae;Hoveniae Semen;acute alcoholic liver injury;antioxidation;Kelch-like Ech-associated protein 1 （Keap1）/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）/antioxidant response element （ARE） signaling pathway
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo establish a model of inflammasome activation induced by psoralidin based on bone marrow-derived macrophages （BMDM） in mice， and to explore the immunomodulatory effects of psoralidin combined with echinatin.MethodLipopolysaccharide （LPS） and psoralidin were used to activate inflammasomes， and after 4 h LPS stimulation， echinatin （40 μmol·L-1） was administered for pre-protection for 1 h， followed by stimulation with psoralidin （10， 20， 40 μmol·L-1） for 4 h. The protein expression of Caspase-1 p20 in cell supernatant and precursor （pro）-Caspase-1 and pro-interleukin（IL）-1β in cell lysate were simultaneously detected by Western blot. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was adopted to determine the content of IL-β and TNF-α in the supernatant of BMDM.ResultWestern blot revealed that compared with the conditions in the control group， the maturation of psoralidin-induced pro-Caspase-1 and the secretion of IL-1β was inhibited by echinatin （P<0.05，P<0.01）. ELISA showed that the production of IL-1β and TNF-α was enhanced by psoralidin of different concentrations （P<0.05，P<0.01） compared with the condition in the control group. In addition， compared with the psoralidin group， the psoralidin combined with echinatin group reduced the secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α （P<0.01）.ConclusionEchinatin could significantly inhibited the excessive immune-inflammatory response mediated by psoralidin， and thus achieve the effect of toxicity reduction. The present study explored the toxicity-reducing effect of psoralidin combined with echiantin， providing a basis for safe clinical application.关键词：psoralidin;echinatin;toxicity reduction by combination;immunomodulation;inflammasome
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo systematically explore the roles and contributions of the sovereign drug Gypsum Fibrosum contained in Baihu Guizhitang （BHGZT） against rheumatoid arthritis （RA） with heat syndrome from property-efficacy association by an approach integrating transcriptomics with gene regulatory network analysis.MethodA total of 20 male Lewis rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups： a control group （n=5）， a group of adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model with heat syndrome （AIA-H， n=5）， an AIA-H + BHGZT group （BHGZT， 21.4 g·kg-1， n=5）， and an AIA-H + BHGZT without Gypsum Fibrosum group （BHGZT-GYP， 10.7 g·kg-1， n=5）. We combined the gene expression profiling based on AIA-H rat model and "disease-gene-drug effective target" network analysis to predict the major function of Gypsum Fibrosum contained in BHGZT against RA with heat syndrome. Furthermore， in vivo experiments with the AIA-H rat model were performed to validate the therapeutic effects on the severity of arthritis based on the representative images of arthritis， limb diameter， infrared thermography， pain thresholds， and joint injury， as well as at the level of immunity-inflammation imbalance. Oil Red O staining was employed for the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes in the AIA-H rats treated by BHGZT， BHGZT-GYP， and GYP.ResultGene expression profiling and network analysis demonstrated that Gypsum Fibrosum mainly regulated the energy metabolism disorders and the immunity-inflammation imbalance during the development and progression of RA. In vivo experiments showed that both BHGZT and BHGZT-GYP reduced the disease severity of AIA-H rats （P<0.01） by relieving joint redness and distortion， decreasing arthritis score and limb diameter， elevating pain thresholds， alleviating joint erosion， joint inflammation， and bone destruction （P<0.05）. Notably， BHGZT outperformed BHGZT-GYP （P<0.05）. Both BHGZT and BHGZT-GYP inhibited the pathological changes and decreased the indexes of thymus and spleen （P<0.05）， and down-regulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines including Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-12， IL-1β， and IL-18 （P<0.05）. In addition， BHGZT and GYP significantly inhibited the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells， with the performance superior to that of BHGZT-GYP.ConclusionThe sovereign drug Gypsum Fibrosum contained in BHGZT played a crucial role in reversing energy metabolism disorders and immunity-inflammation imbalance， which may be associated with its cold property and function of clearing heat and purging fire.关键词：Baihu Guizhitang;Gypsum Fibrosum;heat arthralgia;association of property and efficacy;energy metabolism;immunity-inflammation balance
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the pharmacodynamic effect of naringin on mice with alcohol-induced liver injury and provide data support for the development of naringin as an anti-alcoholic and liver-protecting drug.MethodSixty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into six groups according to body weight， namely， the control group， the model group， the naringin low and high-dose group （25， 50 mg·kg-1）， Haiwang Jinzun tablet positive control group （2 g·kg-1）， and naloxone positive control group （2 mg·kg-1）. Each group was given corresponding drugs by injection or gavage， and the control group and the model group were given equal volume of 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution by gavage， once a day for 14 consecutive days. Except those in the control group， mice in other groups were additionally given 56° Chinese Baijiu （13 mL·kg-1） for 14 days to induce the mouse model of alcoholic liver injury. One day before the last administration， mice were fasted for 12 h. Eyeballs were removed for blood after the last administration of Chinese Baijiu， and the livers were collected and weighed. The activity levels of alanine transaminases （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was performed to determine and compare the pathological changes in liver tissues of mice， and the ratio of positive cells were observed by TUNEL/DAB dual staining method. Western blot was used to determine the expression of apoptosis-related proteins including B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2 associated X protein （Bax）， and Cytochrome-C （Cyt-C）.ResultAs compared with the control group， the liver/body ratio of the model group was significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the expression of ALT and AST in the serum was obviously increased （P<0.01）. Further， the model group showed severe loosing of hepatocyte cytoplasm， edematous， steatosis， and apoptosis of hepatocytes， with obvious bleeding phenomena. In addition， the apoptosis of liver cells increased， the Bal-2/Bax ratio was decreased （P<0.01）， and the level of pro-apoptotic protein Cyt-C was increased in the model group （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the naringin low and high-dose groups reduced the liver/body ratio （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the high-dose and low-does group significantly inhibited the activity levels of ALT and AST in the serum of mice （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Moreover， the hepatocyte steatosis was significantly reduced， hepatocyte edema disappeared， and bleeding was improved in the naringin high-dose group， and the TUNEL-positive rate was down-regulated. The naringin low and high-dose groups decreased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio （P<0.05， P<0.01） and enhanced the expression level of Cyt-C （P<0.05）.ConclusionNaringin protects alcohol-induced liver damage by regulating the expression levels of ALT and AST in the serum， improving liver fatty lesions， and reducing hepatocyte apoptosis.关键词：naringin;alcoholic liver injury;hepatic enzyme;hepatocyte apoptosis
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy and mechanism of Danshen Zexie decoction in treating the rats with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD）.MethodSixty male SD rats were randomized into control group， model group， essentiale （polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules， 0.144 g·kg-1） group， and low-， medium-， and high-dose Danshen Zexie decoction （1.16， 2.32， and 4.64 g·kg-1， respectively） groups. The rat model of MAFLD was established with high fat diet， and 8-week therapy started at the induction of MAFLD. The serum levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， and aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， as well as the liver levels of TC， TG， free fatty acid （FFA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， glutathione （GSH）， and malondialdehyde （MDA）， were measured. The pathological changes of liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and oil red O staining， and the steatosis score and oil red O staining area were calculated. The level of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in the liver was detected by immunofluorescence. The protein levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）， p-AMPK， nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit （GCLC）， glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit （GCLM）， and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate： quinine oxidoreductase （NQO1） in the liver were determined by Western blot.ResultCompared with control group， the modeling of MAFLD elevated the levels of TC， TG， ALT， and AST in the serum and TC， TG， FFA， MDA， and ROS in the liver （P<0.01）， lowered the levels of SOD and GSH and down-regulated the protein levels of phosphorylation（p）-AMPK， Nrf2， GCLC， GCLM， and NQO1 in the liver （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Further， a large number of lipid droplet vacuoles and balloon-like lesions appeared in the hepatocytes， and the steatosis score and oil red O staining area increased in the model group （P<0.01）. Compared with model group， Danshen Zexie decoction lowered the levels of TC， TG， ALT， and AST in the serum and TC， TG， FFA， MDA， and ROS in the liver （P<0.01）， increased the levels of SOD and GSH and up-regulated the protein levels of p-AMPK， Nrf2， GCLC， GCLM， and NQO1 in the liver （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Moreover， the decoction alleviated the degree of liver steatosis （P<0.05， P<0.01）.ConclusionDanshen Zexie decoction protects against MAFLD by activating AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway and suppressing oxidative stress.关键词：metabolic-associated fatty liver disease;Danshen Zexie decoction;oxidative stress;adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）， nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism of Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue prescription in the prevention and treatment of kidney injury of diabetic kidney disease（DKD）rats based on NOD-like receptor protein 3（NLRP3）/cysteine protease-1（Caspase-1）/gasdermin D （GSDMD）pyroptosis pathway.MethodFifty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group （n=8） and modeling group （n=42）. The modeling group was given a one-time intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ） after high-sugar and high-fat diet for 6 weeks to induce the establishment of a DKD rat model. After successful modeling， the rats were randomly divided into model group， valsartan group （8.33 mg·kg-1）， and Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue prescription low-dose and high-dose group （11，22 g·kg-1）. After continuous gavage for 6 weeks， the fasting blood glucose （FBG）， total cholesterol （CHO）， triglyceride （TG）， blood urea nitrogen （BUN）， serum creatinine （SCr） and 24-hour urine protein quantification （24 h-UTP） were detected in each group of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological changes of kidney tissue. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect serum interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and interleukin-18 （IL-18） levels. The protein and mRNA expression levels of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD in kidney tissue of rats in each group were determined by Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）.ResultCompared with the conditions in normal group， the levels of FBG， CHO， TG， BUN， SCr， 24 h-UTP and serum IL-1β and IL-18 as well as the protein and mRNA expression levels of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD in kidney tissue in model group were increased （P<0.01）， and the kidney tissue lesions were severe. Compared with the conditions in model group， the levels of FBG， CHO， TG， BUN， SCr， 24 h-UTP and serum IL-1β and IL-18 as well as the protein and mRNA expression levels of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD in kidney tissue in each intervention group were decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the degree of kidney tissue lesions was improved， with Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue prescription high-dose group showing the optimal effect.ConclusionYiqi Yangyin Huoxue prescription could inhibit pyroptosis by regulating the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway， and thus relieve the inflammatory response of DKD rats and alleviate the pathological damage of the kidneys.关键词：Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue prescription;diabetic kidney disease;pyroptosis;Nod-like receptor protein 3（NLRP3）;cysteine protease-1（Caspase-1）;gasdermin D（GSDMD）
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectivePneumonia is an infectious inflammation of the alveoli， distal airway， and interstitium caused by bacterial， viral， and other pathogens. Maxing Shigantang， originated from Treatise On Cold Damage Diseases， is a classic prescription for treating pneumonia， with significant clinical efficacy. However， its treatment mechanism is still elusive.MethodIn that paper， the transcriptome-based multi-scale network pharmacology was used to reveal the overall pharmacological mechanism of Maxing Shigantang in treating pneumonia from six scales of tissue， cell， pathological process， biological process， signaling pathway， and target.ResultAt the tissue level， Maxing Shigantang mainly acted on the focal tissue of pneumonia-lung and the main inflammatory immune tissues-blood and spleen. Analysis of cell， pathological process and biological process suggested that Maxing Shigantang could treat pneumonia by reversing inflammatory and immune functions and improving cardiopulmonary and vascular injury caused by pneumonia. Analysis of signaling pathway and target showed that Maxing Shigantang regulated inflammatory immune response pathways such as "coronavirus disease-COVID-19" and "Toll-like receptor signaling pathway"， and related targets such as "MAPKAPK3" and "NRG1".ConclusionThis paper， from molecular to tissue levels， indicated Maxing Shigantang treated pneumonia mainly by regulating inflammatory immune response and improving cardiopulmonary and vascular injury.关键词：transcriptome;network pharmacology;Maxing Shigantang;pneumonia;immune response
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of Qianghuo Shengshitang combined with ozone injection and radiofrequency thermocoagulation target puncture in the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy （wind-cold blockage type）.MethodSixty-eight patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy who were treated in Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2020 to May 2021 were included and grouped into a control group and a research group by random number table， with 34 patients in each group. The control group was administrated with placebo granules of Qianghuo Shengshitang， and treated with ozone injection and radiofrequency thermocoagulation target puncture at the same time. The research group was given modified Qianghuo Shengshitang combined with ozone injection and radiofrequency thermocoagulation target puncture. Before and after treatment， patients in two groups were tested for the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， procalcitonin （PCT）， interleukin-2 （IL-2）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， 6-ketoprostaglandin E1α （6-keto-PGE1α）， plasma substance P （SP）， β-endorphin （β-EP）， lipid peroxide （LPO）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， and superoxide dismutase （SOD）. The pain visual scale （VAS）， cervical dysfunction index （NDI）， and clinical evaluation scale for cervical spondylosis （CASCS） were given to patients to evaluate the clinical efficacy.ResultCompared with those before treatment， the levels of IL-1β， PCT， and TNF-α in two groups were decreased， and the level of IL-2 was increased （P<0.05）. The improvement of IL-1β， PCT， TNF-α， and IL-2 was more obvious in the research group as compared with the control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， the levels of SOD in two groups were increased， while the levels of LPO and MDA were decreased （P<0.05）. After treatment， the improvement of SOD， LPO， and MDA was more obvious in the research group as compared with the control group （P<0.05）. Compared with those before treatment， the levels of SP and 6-keto-PGE1α in two groups were decreased after treatment， and the level of β-EP was increased （P<0.05）. The improvement of -keto-PGE1α and β-EP was more obvious in the research group as compared with the control group after treatment （P<0.05）. Compared with those before treatment， the VAS and NDI scores of the research group were decreased， and the CASCS scores were increased （P<0.05）. After treatment， the improvement of VAS， NDI， and CASCS of the research group was more obvious as compared with the control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， the total effective rate of patients in the research group was higher than that in the control group （Z=2.018， P<0.05）.ConclusionModified Qianghuo Shengshitang combined with ozone injection and radiofrequency thermocoagulation target puncture in the treatment of patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy （wind-cold blockage type） can inhibit inflammation， remove oxygen free radicals， improve the level of pain mediators， relieve pain， and improve cervical spine function and clinical efficacy.关键词：modified Qianghuo Shengshitang;cervical spondylotic radiculopathy;inflammation;oxygen free radicals;pain medators;cervical spine function
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of Qingbu Weijing decoction in the treatment of patients suffering from stable bronchiectasis complicated with airway mucus hypersecretion （Qi and Yin deficiency， phlegm heat accumulation in lung）.MethodEighty patients with stable bronchiectasis and airway mucus hypersecretion were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group， 40 in each group. In the observation group， 38 cases were finally included for 1 case was lost and 1 withdrew， while in the control group， 35 cases were finally included for 1 case was lost and 4 withdrew. The observation group was po administered with Qingbu Weijing decoction granules， 1 dose twice a day. The control group was treated with oral Carbocysteine Oral Solutioncarboxymethylstein， 500 mg each time for three times a day. Both groups received health education and postural drainage. After 12 weeks of treatment and 12 months of follow-up， the changes in the number of acute exacerbations， Cough and Sputum Assessment Questionnaire （CASA-Q）， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome score， lung function ［percentage of peak expiratory flow （PEF） to estimated value （PEF% pred）， percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second to estimated value （FEV1%pred）， FEV1/forced vital capacity （FVC）］ and serum inflammatory factors ［C-reactive protein （CRP）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin -8 （IL-8）， interleukin -10 （IL-10）， neutrophil elastase （NE）］ levels in the two groups after treatment were evaluated.ResultThe number of acute exacerbations in the observation group was lower than that in the control group after 12 weeks of treatment and 12 months of follow-up （P<0.01）. Compared with the condition before treatment， the cough symptom domain （COUS） score of CASA-Q in the observation group was increased after 4， 8， 12 weeks of treatment and 3， 6， 9， 12 months of follow-up， while the COUS score in the control group was increased during treatment but decreased during follow-up， with the observation group higher than the control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The cough influence domain （COUI） score in the observation group was higher than that before treatment at 4， 8， 12 weeks after treatment and 3， 6， 9， 12 months after follow-up， while the COUI score in the control group was lower than that before treatment， with the observation group superior to the control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In terms of sputum symptom domain （SPUS）， the two groups both had elevated SPUS score after 4， 8， 12 weeks of treatment and 3， 6， 9， 12 months of follow-up， but the observation group was better than the control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In terms of sputum influence domain （SPUI）， the observation group had elevated SPUI score after 4， 8， 12 weeks of treatment and 3， 6， 9， 12 months of follow-up， while the control group presented increased SPUI score during treatment but reduced score during follow-up， with the observation group higher than the control group at 3， 6， 9 months of follow-up （P<0.05）. The observation group outweighed the control group in the effective rate， while difference was only observed between the two groups after 8 weeks of treatment （χ2=3.868， P<0.05） and 3 months of follow-up （χ2=6.510， P<0.05）. Compared with the condition before treatment， the TCM symptom score was lowered in both groups after 4， 8， and 12 weeks of treatment and 3， 6， 9， 12 months of follow-up （P<0.01）， and except for 4 weeks of treatment， the observation group had more reduction than the control group （P<0.05）. The pulmonary function of patients in the observation group was improved compared with the condition before treatment， and there was difference in PEF% pred in intergroup and intragroup comparisons （P<0.05）. Both groups had reduced level of serum inflammatory factors， but difference was only observed in TNF-α， IL-8， IL-10 and NE in the observation group compared with those before treatment （P<0.05）， and in IL-8 between the two groups （P<0.05）.ConclusionQingbu Weijing decoction in the treatment of stable bronchiectasis patients with airway mucus hypersecretion （Qi and Yin deficiency， phlegm and heat accumulation in lung） can significantly alleviate their cough and expectoration and reduce the repeated acute exacerbation， and can down-regulate the level of serum inflammatory factors， thereby improving the lung function of patients to a certain extent.关键词：bronchiectasis;stable period;airway mucus hypersecretion;Qingbu Weijing decoction;number of acute exacerbations;cough and sputum assessment questionnaire
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effect of modified Zuoguiwan combined with perindopril tert-butylamine tablets on early diabetic kidney disease （DKD） of Qi-Yin deficiency with blood stasis syndrome.MethodA total of 77 patients with early DKD of Qi-Yin deficiency with blood stasis syndrome， who were treated in the Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from september 2020 to november 2021， were randomized into the control group （38 cases） and observation group （39 cases）. The control group received basic treatment and perindopril tert-butylamine tablets， and the observation group was treated with modified Zuoguiwan and perindopril tert-butylamine tablets in addition to the basic treatment. The treatment lasted 3 months for both groups. The symptom scores， blood glucose ［fasting blood glucose （FBG）， 2 h postprandial blood glucose （2 h PBG）， glycosylated hemoglobin （HbA1c）， time in range （TIR）］， serum creatinine （SCr）， urea， estimated glomerular filtration rate （eGFR）， cystatin-C （Cys-C）， serum beta 2-microglobulin （Sβ2-MB）， and urinary microproteins ［24 h urinary microalbumin （24 h UmAlb）， 24 h micrototal protein （24 h MTP）， urine beta 2-microglobulin （Uβ2-MB）］ were observed in two groups.ResultThe two groups showed no significant difference in the various indexes before treatment. After treatment， the total effective rate of the control group was 84.2% （32/38）， as compared with the 94.9% （37/39） in the observation group （Z=6.03， P<0.05）. After treatment， the symptom scores were lower than those before treatment in both groups （P<0.01） and lower in the observation group than in the control group （P<0.01）. TIR level was higher （P<0.05） and levels of FBG， 2 h PBG， and HbA1c （P<0.01） were lower than those before treatment in both groups. After treatment， the TIR level in the observation group was significantly increased as compared with that in the control group （P<0.01）. After treatment， the level of Cys-C was lower than that before treatment in both group （P<0.01） and lower in the observation group than in control group （P<0.01）. The level of Sβ2-MB in both the observation group （P<0.05） and control group decreased as compared with that before treatment. The 24 h UmAlb and Uβ2-MB of two groups were decreased after treatment as compared with those before treatment （P<0.05）. Moreover， 24 h MTP in observation group （P<0.05） was lower than that before treatment. After treatment， the levels of 24 h UmAlb， 24 h MTP and Uβ2-MB in observation group were lower than those in control group （P<0.01）， and levels of SCr and eGFR in observation group did not change significantly as compared with those in the control group.ConclusionModified Zuoguiwan combined with perindopril tert-butylamine tablets can reduce blood glucose fluctuations and urinary albumin excretion in early DKD patients of Qi-Yin deficiency with blood stasis syndrome. The efficacy is better than that of basic western medicine.关键词：early diabetic kidney disease;Qi-Yin deficiency with blood stasis syndrome;modified Zuoguiwan;perindopril tert-butylamine tablets;combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine;clinical efficacy
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo analyze the blood-transition constituents of Bergeniae Scopulosae Rhizoma extract based on the serum pharmacochemical method.MethodUltra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbital trap high resolution mass spectrometry （UHPLC-Q Exactive Focus MS/MS） technique was used to compare the chromatogram differences of Bergeniae Scopulosae Rhizoma extract， blank serum and drug-containing serum， according to the retention time， relative molecular weight and the ratio with primary and secondary ion fragments provided by MS， the prototype components and metabolites of Bergeniae Scopulosae Rhizoma extract were analyzed in serum of rats after oral administration. The detection conditions were as follows：the mobile phase of methanol （A）-0.1% formic acid solution （B） for elution gradient （0-40 min， 5%-95%A； 40-45 min， 95%A）， the flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1， the injection volume of 1 µL， heated electrospray ionization， detection range of m/z 80-1 200， positive and negative ion scanning modes.ResultAfter oral administration， a total of 35 components were detected in the serum， of which 6 were prototype components and 29 were metabolites of prototype components. The 6 prototype components were identified as arbutin， mallonanoside A， bengenin， ardimerin， salicylic acid and ellagic acid. The 29 metabolites were mainly metabolites from compound containing structural units such as gallic acid， mallonanoside A， bengenin， catechin， and ellagic acid， and their metabolic pathways were mainly glucuronidation， sulfation， methylation and others， which by phase Ⅱ metabolism.ConclusionThe components absorbed into the blood and their metabolites may be the pharmacodynamic components of Bergeniae Scopulosae Rhizoma. Among them， mallonanoside A， bengenin and ellagic acid can not only enter the blood as prototype components， but also exert their efficacy through phase Ⅱ metabolism. Most of the other chemical components in Bergeniae Scopulosae Rhizoma may be transformed into simple structures such as gallic acid， bengenin and catechin by hydrolysis， and then further metabolized by phase Ⅱ.关键词：Bergeniae Scopulosae Rhizoma;Bergenia scopulosa;ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbital trap high resolution mass spectrometry （UHPLC-Q Exactive Focus MS/MS）;prototype components;metabolites;phenolic acids;C-glycoside
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveBased on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques， the mechanism of essential oil from Chimonanthus nitens leaves （CLO） in the treatment of acute lung injury （ALI） was predicted， and a rat model of ALI was established to verify the mechanism of CLO.MethodThe composition of CLO was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The component targets were obtained from PharmMapper and SwissTargetPrediction databases， ALI-related targets were obtained from GeneCards， Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM） and DisGeNET， cross-over analysis with differential expressed genes （DEGs） of ALI obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO） on the Venny 2.1.0 platform yielded potential anti-ALI targets of CLO. Protein-protein interaction （PPI） analysis of potential targets was carried out by STRING 11.5. The tissue expression profiles of potential targets were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information （NCBI） and the target tissue distribution maps were constructed. Potential targets were analyzed for Gene Ontology （GO） function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment by RStudio 4.0.0 software. Composition-target-pathway network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.9.1 software， and key components and pathways were screened out and verified by molecular docking. ALI model was established by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） induction， levels of interleukin （IL）-6 and tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α in serum of rats were measured， the expression levels of IL-17 protein in the lung tissue of ALI rats were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.ResultA total of 19 components of CLO were identified by GC-MS， and 18 potential targets were obtained by target screening. After PPI analysis， 15 target proteins with interaction relationship were obtained， further analysis showed that they were highly expressed in lung and thymus. The network diagram of component-target-pathway was analyzed to obtain the key components， including bornyl acetate， linalool， elemol， geranyl isobutyrate， and the core targets of matrix metalloproteinase 13 （MMP13）， S100 calcium binding protein A9 （S100A9）， spleen tyrosine kinase （SYK）， as well as the main signaling pathways， such as IL-17 and TNF. The results of molecular docking showed that the key components were stably bound to MMP13 and S100A9 of IL-17 signaling pathway. The results of pharmacological experiment confirmed that CLO could significantly inhibit the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum of ALI rats， and decrease the expression of IL-17 protein in lung tissue of ALI rats.ConclusionCLO can achieve the therapeutic effect on ALI and protect lung tissue， the mechanism may be related to the decrease of the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum and the inhibition of the activation of IL-17 signaling pathway in lung tissue of ALI rats.关键词：essential oil from Chimonanthus nitens leaves;network pharmacology;acute lung injury （ALI）;molecular docking;interleukin （IL）;tumor necrosis factor （TNF）;pharmacological experiments
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo analyze the microbial diversity in the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata with different yields and explore the influence of soil microorganisms on the yield of G. elata.MethodThe experiment adopted the 16S DNA and ITS high-throughput sequencing technologies to study the diversity of the bacterial and fungal community in the rhizosphere soil of G. elata with high yield （GC） and low yield （DC）.ResultProteobacteria， Firmicutes， and other unidentified Bacteria were dominant in the rhizosphere soil of G. elata. The dominant rhizosphere fungi were Ascomycota， Basidiomycota， and Mortierellomycota. There was no significant difference in microbial community abundance in the high-yield and low-yield rhizosphere soil of G. elata， but there was a significant difference in species composition. Thirty-eight microbes such as Bradyrhizobium， Schleiferilactobacillus， and Archaeorhizomyces were gathered in large numbers in the high-yield rhizosphere soil， and thirty microbes such as Fusarium， Coprinellus， and Nitrosotalea were gathered in large numbers in the low-yield rhizosphere soil. At the level of genus and species， there were six different species in the high-yield and low-yield rhizosphere soil of G. elata， among which Russula mariae， Archeaeorhizomyces， and Ilyonectria were gathered in the high-yield rhizosphere soil of G. elata， while Nitrosotalea， Coprinellus disserminatus， and Fusarium were gathered in the low-yield rhizosphere soil of G. elata.ConclusionThere are different microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil of G. elata with different yields， and it is speculated that these microorganisms are related to the yields of G. elata. The research results are expected to provide a vital theoretical basis for the follow-up study of the high yield of G. elata.关键词：Gastrodia elata;yield;soil microbe;diversity;abundance
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo compare the transcriptional levels of two cultivars （Mingui 1 and Mingui 2） with different stem and leaf colors.MethodThe fresh leaves with petioles and the upper stems from Angelica sinensis with two colors were selected as the material， and the hybrid sequencing strategy was used. The technology at the transcriptome was used to build the non-reference full-length transcript library of A. sinensis， and the RNA-seq technology was used to analyze differentially expressed genes of the two cultivars， reusing a public database for biology function annotation and fine classification of differentially expressed genes. The main candidate genes regulating color differences between stems and leaves of A. sinensis were screened out.ResultThe sequencing results of A. sinensis transcripts were good and the quality of the sequencing data was high. The 34 528 full-length transcripts were annotated into 33 947， 33 241， 29 150， and 22 601 in the Non-redundant Protein Sequence Database （NR）， Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG）， SwissProt， and Clusters of Orthologous Groups for Eukaryotic Complete Genomes （KOG）， respectively. The 705 differentially expressed genes of the two cultivars with biological and molecular functions were divided into 11 categories， which were mainly enriched in the primary metabolism （17.87%）， stress response （14.47%）， and secondary metabolism （11.49%）. The differentially expressed genes related to colors were mainly concentrated in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway.ConclusionThe main reason for the color differences of the stems and leaves in two cultivars of A. sinensis may be related to the expression differences of genes regulating flavonoid biosynthesis， which lays a foundation for subsequent functional verification and further clarification of the relationship with the main pharmacodynamic components of A. sinensis.关键词：Angelica sinensis;full-length transcriptome;RNA sequencing technology;flavonoid biosynthesis;differentially expressed genes
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo construct a traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome diagnosis and prescription model for coronary heart disease with the improved Transformer algorithm.MethodTaking the syndrome elements of coronary heart disease as key links， the model was constructed based on the clinical diagnosis and treatment principle of "symptoms-syndrome elements-syndrome-treatment method-prescription-medicine （dose）". The basic logic of improved Transformer algorithm was constructed with multi-head attention mechanism， compound term vector and dropout， in order to form the model with functions of TCM syndrome elements judgment， syndrome diagnosis， prescription recommendation. After the model was constructed， it was trained by 8 030 cases. And 100 cases with TCM prescriptions were randomly selected for testing， and the model output prescriptions were compared with those of clinicians for qualitative evaluation of the model.ResultThe improved Transformer with multi-head attention improved the accuracy of the model. The model was consistent with clinicians in the judgment of main syndromes and the selection of prescriptions. Whereas there was a certain room for improvement in the addition and subtraction of medicines.ConclusionThe improved Transformer model can improve the accuracy and stability of output， which is an embodiment of the intelligent development of TCM.关键词：coronary heart disease;traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）;syndrome elements;machine learning;attention mechanism;bidirectional encoder representations from Transformers （BERT）;artificial intelligence （AI）
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） pathway regulated by traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） and provide reference for visualization and quantitative analysis of related research based on multiple software linkage.MethodLiterature related to TCM regulation of mTOR pathway in Web of Science was taken as the research object. Citespace，VOSviewer，and carrort2 were used for biliometric analysis and visualization of the literature.ResultA total of 245 papers that met the requirements were retrieved，and the visual analysis showed that the papers presented a fluctuating increase year by year after 2010，and numerous research results emerged in 2018. China had the most publications. Institutions with a large number of publications were mainly in Beijing and Shanghai，and most of the regional cooperation was centered in Beijing and Nanjing. According to the research direction and focus，it was found that the intervention of TCM in mTOR pathway in recent years mainly concentrated on the anti-tumor，anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory aspects， and TCM interfered with mTOR pathway to regulate cell apoptosis，autophagy，proliferation，and death. AMP-activated protein kinase （AMPK） and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases（PI3K）/protein kinase B（Akt）/mTOR pathway were the current and future research hotspots.ConclusionResearch on the regulation of mTOR pathway by TCM had a good prospect，and the in-depth study might provide new ideas and guidance for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases，tumor and other major diseases.关键词：mammalian target of rapamycin（mTOR）;traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）;biliometric analysis;visualization;Citespace;autophagy;apoptosis
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：Along with intensification of social and life pressures as well as the interference from various psychological stresses， the number of people suffering from insomnia is constantly increasing， and resistance and addiction of western medicine treatment have received much attention. Safe， effective and characteristic therapeutic drug are urgently needed in clinical practices. Chinese eight-word principle of health preservation via dredging collaterals integrates health-preservation quintessence of traditional major schools of Confucianism， Taoism， Buddhism and medicine， and becomes a new theory guiding health preservation in traditional Chinese medicine. The pathogenic characteristics of "deficiency of kidney-essence， insufficiency of heart blood and loss of spirit and consciousness" as well as the therapeutic methods of "tonifying the kidney， invigorating the brain， nourishing the heart and tranquilizing" were proposed on the basis of "conserving strength" and "calming" theory included in Chinese eight-word principle of health preservation via dredging collaterals and in combination with the opinions of "primordial spirit in brain" and "consciousness spirit in heart" described by recent medical doctor ZHANG Xichun in Intergrating Chinese and Western Medicine. The development of innovative Chinese medicine Yishen Yangxin Anshen tablets reflects theoretical innovation， original formula， outstanding pharmacological characteristics and definite clinical effect， and proves scientific value of Chinese eight-word principle of health preservation via dredging collaterals.关键词：insomnia;Chinese eight-word principle of health preservation via dredging collaterals;primordial spirit;consciousness spirit;Yishen Yangxin Anshen tablets;psychological stress;traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats（CRISPR）/CRISPR associated nuclease 9 （CRISPR/Cas9） is a self-defense system found in bacteria and archaea that enables targeted gene editing based on the principle. Due to its universality， efficiency， and simplicity， CRISPR/Cas9 has been applied in the pathological mechanism and prevention and treatment of diseases in many fields. Cerebrovascular diseases and central nervous system diseases seriously endanger human health. Stroke is related to genetics， unhealthy living habits， chronic diseases， and other factors. The brain tissue structure is complex and the cell types are diverse. It is difficult for a universal gene editing platform to study target genes safely， specifically， and efficiently. Scholars have continuously improved and optimized gene editing technology， explored the potential and research methods of gene editing technology， and promoted the research process of brain science. After a brief introduction to the mechanism of CRISPR/Cas9， this paper mainly summarized the optimization of the system in the fields of cerebral science including delivery methods， adeno-associated virus assembly， and new nanomaterials. Its application in cerebrovascular research including vascular homeostasis， microglial homeostasis， angiogenesis， blood-brain barrier， and drug screening was also summarized. Finally， this paper prospected the development of CRISPR/Cas9 in traditional Chinese medicine， hoping to provide references for related research design.关键词：clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats（CRISPR）/CRISPR associated nuclease 9 （CRISPR/Cas9）;gene editing;brain science;traditional Chinese medicine
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：In the design of randomized controlled trials （RCT）， difficulties in patient recruitment and enrollment of control group would limit the overall implementation of the trials. In recent years， as a data source， real-world data （RWD） plays an increasingly important role in the medical field. In RCT of Chinese medicine， RWD could be designed as control group. This design can effectively solve the problem of inclusion difficulty for the patients in the western medicine control group of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） RCT， it also can provide high quality evidence to evaluate the efficacy of TCM. In recent years， propensity score method has been widely used to deal with confounding factors in real world study. In this paper， four common research designs based on propensity score method were introduced with examples， including propensity score matching and data augmentation， two-stage design of propensity score stratification method， propensity score-integrated composite likelihood approach， and combination of different propensity score methods. However， there are some methodological challenges in this type of design， including the RWD data sources must be of high quality and the key information needs to be collected in a standardized method， the baseline characteristics of RCT and RWD patients should be comparable， and all known covariates related to the intervention and outcome need to be included for analysis. When adopting this design in the field of TCM， there are still some problems such as the lack of TCM syndrome information and TCM outcomes in RWD. When using RWD， it is necessary to decide how to analyze according to the data condition. This paper discussed the design types and methodological challenges of using RWD as control group in RCT， hoping to provide methodological ideas for researchers to use this type of design in the future.关键词：randomized controlled trial;real-world data;traditional Chinese medicine;propensity score method;efficacy evaluation
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：Diabetic cardiomyopathy refers to dysfunction of cardiac muscle in patients with diabetes that cannot be directly ascribed to hypertension， coronary heart disease or other defined cardiac abnormalities. Imbalance in metabolic flexibility is the underlying cause of diabetic cardiomyopathy， which is manifested as distorted nutrient sensing， slow substrate switching， and impaired energy homeostasis. In the case of diabetes/insulin resistance， cardiac fatty acid oxidation increases while glucose oxidation decreases， resulting in the imbalance in cardiac metabolic flexibility. Thus， the heart fails to switch substrates depending on the changes （taking food/fasting， rest/exercise） and the energy production in cardiomyocytes reduced， causing cardiac dysfunction. Moreover， the excessive cardiac fatty acid fails to be degraded by the mitochondrial β oxidation， triggering cardiac lipid accumulation and reduction in glucose oxidation. Therefore， the glucose in the pentose phosphate （PPP） and the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway （HBP） increases and the production of advanced glycation end products rises， inducing glycolipotoxicity. The intermediates of abnormal substrate metabolism cause oxidative stress， inflammation， mitochondrial dysfunction and further result in impaired myocardial function. Qi and blood are the main functional substances for the normal functioning of the body. Qi and blood harmonize and work together to defend against external pathogen， while disharmony of blood and Qi will induce the production of various pathological products that lead to the occurrence of diseases. The function and regulation of Qi-Blood movement are similar to those of metabolism. Qi deficiency and blood stasis， Qi stagnation and blood stasis， and other "blood-Qi disharmony" types run through the whole process of diabetic cardiomyopathy， and "blood-Qi disharmony" will affect systemic substrate metabolism and lead to impaired energy metabolism. By systematically explaining the relationship between "blood-Qi disharmony" and "metabolic flexibility" in diabetic cardiomyopathy， we provide scientific research and clinical formulation ideas for targeting "metabolic flexibility" in the prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy with Qi-replenishing and Blood-activating medicinals.关键词：''blood-Qi'' disharmony;metabolic flexibility;energy metabolism;diabetic cardiomyopathy;heart failure
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：The discussion and research on the clinical dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） have attracted increasing attention. Through approaches including modern technology， evidence-based medical methods， and multi-disciplinary treatment， we should construct a sound TCM inheritance and innovation system， establish a collaborative innovation mechanism， and integrate major research projects， striving to make breakthroughs in TCM theory， methodology， standards， and regulation system， promoting the scientific and technological progress of TCM， and thereby improving its curative effect. The China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） carried out a series of youth salon seminars for clinical dominant diseases in TCM， discussing and sorting out the advantages of the dominant diseases in clinical diagnosis and treatment of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in specific diseases or fields. Authoritative experts in the industry were invited to give comment and guidance to form a report. Centering on clinical research of dominant diseases， thematic research was carried out in the aspects of practice， human experience-based evidence， and transformation path. Through the systematic study of the dominant diseases， the advantages of TCM in different stages of disease treatment were excavated to constantly improve the prevention and treatment ability of TCM and carry forward the advancement of TCM theory and practice. At the same time， the communication and understanding between traditional Chinese and western medicine were improved， laying the foundation for the further formation of industry guidelines or consensus and comprehensive promotion. These seminars are expected to provide references for the development of policy planning， clinical diagnosis and treatment， health economy， and social services in TCM and lay the foundation for the formation of a new modern diagnosis and treatment system with Chinese characteristics.关键词：traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）;dominant diseases;TCM therapy;expert guidance and suggestions;integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：Among the supplementary applications for Chinese medicines， additional specifications of pills occupy a certain proportion. It is common situation that addition of water honey pills and water pills on the basis of honey pills. Due to the ingredients of Chinese medicine are complex， and honey may be related to the safety and effectiveness of the preparation as a special excipient. Therefore， the necessity of the change should be considered from multiple perspectives and aspects in combination with the characteristics of the pills， and the scientific and reasonable nature of the change should be proved through research. By thinking deeply of the review of the application for adding water honey pill and water pill specification supplement to honey pill， the author discusses the key contents that need to be paid attention to in pharmaceutical research of such changes， and puts forward the following suggestions：①The necessity of change should be considered in combination with clinical drug demand and benefit-risk ratio. ②Attach importance to the research on the change of process and excipient， and evaluate the impact of changes on drug safety and effectiveness. ③Strengthen quality and stability research， and select appropriate packaging materials to ensure stable and controllable sample quality after change. ④Reasonably expression of specifications and loading specifications.关键词：Chinese medicine;honey pills;specifications;change of process;safety;water pills
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发布时间：2022-12-08 -
Improvement of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Chinese Medicine Based on TGF-
β /Smad Pathway： A Review 增强出版摘要：Diabetic cardiomyopathy （DCM） is one of the most common cardiovascular lesions in diabetes mellitus. The development and progression of DCM is closely related to myocardial fibrosis， which has been shown to be an important pathological feature of DCM. Therefore， the treatment targeting myocardial fibrosis can help slow down the DCM progress. In the DCM progress， abnormal transduction of transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad signaling pathway is an important mechanism of hyperglycemia-induced myocardial fibrosis. TGF-β is a key factor of myocardial fibrosis and is overexpressed during myocardial fibrosis in DCM， and Smad is a major effector in the downstream of TGF-β. By inducing myocardial apoptosis， TGF-β/Smad signal stimulates the overproduction of myofibroblasts， increase the deposition of extracellular matrix （ECM）， and plays a complex role in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis in diabetic hearts. In recent years， Chinese medicine has played an increasingly important role in the prevention and treatment of DCM， and there has been an increase in the number of studies exploring the effects of Chinese medicine on the intervention of DN progress based on TGF-β/Smad signal. Various pharmacological studies have shown that Chinese medicine is safe and effective in the prevention and treatment of DCM， which has clear effects such as inhibiting the deposition of collagen， anti-myocardial fibrosis， improving cardiac function， and protecting myocardium， and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway is one of the key pathways in which Chinese medicine， Chinese medicine monomers， and Chinese medicine compounds exert the myocardial protective effect in DCM. Based on this， this paper reviewed the existing pharmacological and experimental research results of Chinese medicine intervention in the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway to treat DCM in the past decades， hoping to provide references for further in-depth research， development， and application of Chinese medicine in the treatment of DCM.关键词：transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad signaling pathway;diabetic cardiomyopathy （DCM）;Chinese medicine- 34
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：Diabetic nephropathy （DN） is one of the serious and common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus （DM） and the main cause of end-stage renal disease （ESRD）. Endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS） is a common stress defense mechanism in eukaryotic cells. In the ERS state， cells activate the unfolded protein response （UPR） to enhance the folding of unfolded proteins and the degradation of misfolded proteins， so as to restore the normal physiological function of the endoplasmic reticulum and avoid cell damage. However， excessive or chronic persistent ERS can induce apoptosis， inflammation， oxidative stress and other pathways to eventually cause cell damage. In recent years， a large number of studies have confirmed that ERS is closely associated with the occurrence and development of DN. In the case of DN， ERS is involved in the damage or protection of podocytes， glomerular mesangial cells， renal tubular epithelial cells， and glomerular endothelial cells. The regulation of ERS has become one of the hotspots in the prevention and treatment of DN and has received extensive attention in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. This paper systematically expounds the role of ERS in the occurrence and development of DN and summarizes the ERS-targeted regulation of DN by traditional Chinese medicine， with a view to providing certain research ideas for the prevention and control of DN with traditional Chinese medicine.关键词：diabetic nephropathy;endoplasmic reticulum stress;traditional Chinese medicine;renal intrinsic cells
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：Hypovarianism diseases mainly include diminished ovarian reserve， premature ovarian insufficiency， and premature ovarian failure， which decreased female reproductive capacity due to various causes. Mitochondrial dysfunction in ovarian cells can interfere with the pathway of mitochondrial energy supply to germ cells and affect follicular development and egg quality. Therefore， the role of mitochondrial homeostasis in the pathogenesis of such diseases has gradually received attention. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） believes that the pathogenesis of hypovarianism diseases is deficiency of kidney Qi， essence and blood as well as stasis caused by deficiency. Accordingly， tonifying kidney and nourishing and activating blood is established as the fundamental treatment. In TCM， Chinese herbal compounds for tonifying kidney， replenishing essence， and nourishing and activating blood were mostly used， which can improve the secretion of ovarian hormones and ovulatory function to enhance female reproductive capacity. These compounds have definite clinical efficacy and unique advantage of treating different diseases with same method. The effect of Chinese herbal compounds for tonifying kidney and nourishing and activating blood on "Qi and blood" is closely related to mitochondrial function， and thus more and more studies have been conducted to explore the experimental mechanism of these Chinese herbal compounds in regulating mitochondrial homeostasis and protecting ovarian function. On this basis， the paper summarized and elaborated the experimental studies on the dynamic regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis in the treatment of hypovarianism diseases by Chinese herbal compounds for tonifying kidney， replenishing essence and nourishing and activating blood. Moreover， the paper reviewed the related mechanism of regulating mitochondrial homeostasis in ovarian cells， promoting follicular development， and delaying ovarian aging by Chinese herbal compounds for tonifying kidney and nourishing and activating blood through improving mitochondrial function， resisting mitochondrial oxidative stress damage as well as regulating mitochondrial quality and quantity in multi-effect and multi-target way， in order to provide a new perspective for further research on improving female fertility with Chinese medicine.关键词：tonifying kidney and nourishing and activating blood;Chinese herbal compounds;hypovarianism diseases;mitochondria;research progress
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：Originating from Treatise on Cold Damage （ZHANG Zhongjing）， Wumeiwan is a representative prescription for pungent dispersing and bitter descending， upper clearing and warm purging， and combining cold and warm， which can be used to treat abdominal pain， enduring diarrhea， and syncope caused by cold and heat in complexity and asthenia in origin and sthenia in superficiality. Owing to the remarkable clinical efficacy， it is widely applied to the treatment of various internal injuries and external-contraction diseases. In recent years， the incidence of diseases of large intestine such as ulcerative colitis， Crohn's disease， and colorectal cancer has been on the rise， threatening the quality of life and health of patients. Major headway has been made in the clinical research on the treatment of the above diseases with Wumeiwan and on the mechanisms. However， no relevant summary is available， leading to the failure of further excavation and utilization of the value of this prescription in the treatment of the above diseases in time. Therefore， this paper reviews the theoretical basis， clinical research， and mechanism research of Wumeiwan and its modified formulas in the treatment of diseases of large intestine in recent years. The literature research suggests that Wumeiwan can effectively relieve clinical symptoms and reduce recurrence rate of large intestine diseases （including ulcerative colitis， Crohn's disease， diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome， colorectal cancer， chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis， and postoperative colorectal adenoma） with little adverse reactions. At the moment， the mechanisms of Wumeiwan against the above diseases are anti-inflammatory response， regulating immune function， repairing intestinal mucosal barrier， anti-tumor， regulating intestinal flora， anti-oxidative damage， analgesia， and inhibiting colonic epithelial cell apoptosis， but the specific molecular mechanism should be further explored. Through literature research， this paper comprehensively analyzes the theoretical basis， clinical research， and mechanisms of Wumeiwan in the treatment of diseases of large intestine， which is expected to serve as a reference for the further research on Wumeiwan in the prevention and treatment of diseases of large intestine and the mechanisms.关键词：Wumeiwan;diseases of large intestine;review
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：The pathogenesis of psoriasis is very complex，involving multiple genes，cells， and factors. These factors signal layer by layer through a series of cascade reactions，thus forming many biological pathways of disease occurrence. The study of the psoriasis-related signaling pathway has become the core way of disease mechanism exploration and drug intervention. Among all the signaling pathways related to psoriasis，Janus kinase （JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription protein （STAT） signaling pathway is the top classic one. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway has been selected and amplified in the long-term evolution of the transmission of cellular signaling. It participates in inflammation，immune regulation， and other links of diseases because of its simplicity and stability. Taking the JAK/STAT signaling pathway as the entry point and breakthrough can facilitate the summarization and discovery of the regulation modes of upstream and downstream targets under the micromechanism of psoriasis，and continuously promote the exploration and understanding of the mechanism of psoriasis. This study analyzed the targets of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway with the participation of Chinese medicinal compound preparations with clearing，resolving， and tonifying effects and monomers and main components，such as Ephedrae Herba，indirubin，magnolol，ginsenoside CK，shikonin，paeoniflorin，paeonol，and Tripterygium wilfordii glucosides. The results were integrated into the JAK/STAT signaling pathway family subtypes under the action of different inducers such as interleukin （IL）-6，IL-21，IL-22，IL-23，interferon-γ （IFN-γ）， and suppressors of cytokine signaling 1/3 （SOCS1/3） for the first time. Meanwhile， taking JAK/STAT signaling pathway as a specific reference means，this study discussed the differences in expression in the classification of psoriasis based on blood aspect and regional patient groups to provide references for further exploration of the mechanism and clinical targeted diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis.关键词：traditional Chinese medicine;Janus kinase （JAK）;signal transducer and activator of transcription factor （STAT）;psoriasis;signaling pathway
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发布时间：2022-12-08 - 摘要：Alzheimer's disease （AD） is the most common form of dementia， and disease-modifying treatments are currently lacking. In traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， it is believed that kidney-essence deficiency is the internal mechanism of AD， and invigorating kidney and nourishing essence is the basic principle of TCM treatment of AD， which runs through the whole treatment process. Bushen Yizhi formula is a prescription for the treatment of AD， with rich experience in clinical practice. There have been massive literature reports on the treatment of AD with Bushen Yizhi formula， but its clinical safety is seldom studied， and its basic research is weak， with the active components and multi-target mechanism unclear. To clarify the mechanism of Bushen Yizhi formula in the treatment of AD with multiple components， targets and pathways， this paper summarized the research progress of Bushen Yizhi formula in the treatment of AD. We further collected 16 main chemical components of Bushen Yizhi formula based on HPLC fingerprints， and evaluated their druggability and safety. By combining network pharmacology and literature review on the important pathophysiological process of AD， we analyzed the active components and possible mechanisms of Bushen Yizhi formula targeting the cholinergic system and neuropathological characteristics of AD. This paper provided potential lead compounds for AD drug research and development， and a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Bushen Yizhi formula.关键词：Alzheimer's disease;Bushen Yizhi formula;pathophysiological process;chemical component;lead compound
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发布时间：2022-12-08
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