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1.中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院 药用植物研究所,北京 100193
2.哈尔滨商业大学 药物工程技术研究中心,哈尔滨 150076
Published:20 January 2022,
Published Online:15 November 2021,
Received:25 August 2021,
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佟红娜,张晨阳,韩美欣等.糖尿病心肌病的发病机制及药物干预研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(02):257-265.
TONG Hong-na,ZHANG Chen-yang,HAN Mei-xin,et al.Pathogenesis and Drug Intervention of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(02):257-265.
佟红娜,张晨阳,韩美欣等.糖尿病心肌病的发病机制及药物干预研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(02):257-265. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220101.
TONG Hong-na,ZHANG Chen-yang,HAN Mei-xin,et al.Pathogenesis and Drug Intervention of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(02):257-265. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220101.
糖尿病心肌病为糖尿病心血管并发症,早期表现为心脏舒张和收缩功能障碍,后期发展为临床心力衰竭,发病率和死亡率高,一直是近年来的研究热点。糖尿病心肌病发病机制复杂,研究发现其发病机制主要与糖代谢失调、脂代谢异常、心脏胰岛素抵抗、线粒体功能障碍、钙平衡调节异常、肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统激活、氧化应激增加、内质网应激、炎症、自噬等有关,具体发病机制尚不明确。当前的治疗方法主要为西医药治疗和中医药治疗。传统西药治疗糖尿病心肌病尚无特效药,且存在一定的不良反应和副作用。为了提高药效,降低副作用,研究人员发现了一些潜在的西药治疗方法,如丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(Vaspin),褪黑素,辅酶Q10(Coenzyme Q10),非编码RNA等,仍需进一步临床试验研究。中医古籍未曾记载糖尿病心肌病,现代医家根据其症状、体征,常将其归于“消渴病”范畴。中医药治疗消渴病以益气补阴,活血化瘀为主要治疗原则,黄芪、丹参等单味中药和豁痰解毒通络饮等中药复方均能对心脏起到一定的保护作用,但中药药效机制方面的研究较少且不够深入。随着新的治疗药物不断出现,中西医结合治疗或许为未来更加有前景的治疗方法。综上,糖尿病心肌病的发病机制尚未明确,缺少有效的预防和治疗方法。该综述对糖尿病心肌病最新的发病机制和药物治疗方法进行整理和总结,以期为研究人员提供参考。
Diabetic cardiomyopathy, one of the cardiovascular complications of diabetes, is characterized by cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction at the early stage, which can later develop into heart failure. Due to the high incidence and mortality, it has been a hot topic in recent years. The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy is complicated. It has been proved related to abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, cardiac insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal calcium homeostasis, activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, increased oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, autophagy, and so on. The specific pathogenesis remains unclear. Currently, the diabetic cardiomyopathy is mainly tackled with both western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Traditional western medicine has no specific remedy for diabetic cardiomyopathy, and the resulting side effect cannot be neglected. In order to improve the efficacy and reduce the side effects, researchers have tried some potential medical treatments, such as vaspin, melatonin, Coenzyme Q10, and non-coding RNA, which still need further clinical trials. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is not recorded in ancient TCM books. According to the symptoms and signs, modern physicians often consider it as a "consumptive disease", whose main therapeutic principles lie in benefiting Qi, tonifying Yin, activating blood, and removing stasis. The individual Chinese herbs such as Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Chinese herbal compounds like Huotan Jiedu Tongluoyin are effective in protecting the heart. But there are few studies exploring the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of TCM. With the continuous emergence of new drugs, the integration of TCM with western medicine may be a more promising treatment in the future. In conclusion, the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy is unclear, and there is a lack of effective prevention and treatment. This paper reviewed the latest findings in pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy, in order to provide reference for further research.
糖尿病并发症糖尿病心肌病发病机制药物治疗
diabetic complicationsdiabetic cardiomyopathypathogenesisdrug therapy
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