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1.广西中药药效研究重点实验室,南宁 530200
2.广西中医药大学 广西中医药科学实验中心,南宁 530200
3.广西农作物废弃物功能成分研究协同创新中心,南宁 530200
4.广西中医药大学 药学院,南宁 530200
5.广西梧州制药(集团)股份有限公司,广西 梧州 543000
Published:05 February 2020,
Published Online:20 August 2019,
Received:24 May 2019,
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Fang-hui ZHAO, Xiao-tao HOU, Er-wei HAO, et al. Chemical Constituents, Toxicology and Pharmacological Effect of Momordicae Semen. [J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 26(3):222-235(2020)
Fang-hui ZHAO, Xiao-tao HOU, Er-wei HAO, et al. Chemical Constituents, Toxicology and Pharmacological Effect of Momordicae Semen. [J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 26(3):222-235(2020) DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20192307.
木鳖子是一味传统的有毒中药,始载于北宋《开宝本草》,具有消肿散结,攻毒疗疮的功效,用于治疗疮疡肿毒,乳痈,秃疮等。主要分布在广西、广东等中国南方地区,泰国、越南等东南亚国家也有分布。目前研究表明从木鳖子中提取分离得到的化学成分丰富,主要包括萜类、甾醇类、挥发油类、脂肪酸类等成分。其中已鉴定的萜类化合物30种、挥发油成分102种、植物甾醇6种和脂肪酸类19种。毒理学研究表明,木鳖子水提物及醇提物均含有一定的毒性,毒性随着含油量的增大呈现降低趋势,目前文献报道的主要有毒成分是木鳖子素和木鳖子皂苷类。药理学研究表明,木鳖子除了具有基于传统功效的抗癌、抗炎、抗菌等药理作用外,还具有抗溃疡、抗氧化、调节免疫等多种药理作用。近几年对木鳖子的研究报道不断增多,通过查找中国知网,万方,PubMed,Web of Science等数据库1964—2019年的国内外相关文献,对木鳖子化学成分,药理作用,毒理研究等方面进行归纳总结,为今后对木鳖子的深入研究应用提供参考。
Momordicae Semen a traditional toxic Chinese medicine
which was first recorded in
Kaibao Bencao
of the Northern Song Dynasty. It has the effects in reducing swelling
dispersing knot
and attacking sores. It is mainly distributed in South China
such as Guangxi and Guangdong. It is also distributed in Southeast Asian countries
such as Thailand and Vietnam. The present study showed abundant chemical components extracted from Momordicae Semen
including steroids
sterols
volatile oils and fatty acids. Among them
30 terpenoids
102 compounds in volatile oil
6 sterols and 19 fatty acids have been identified. Aqueous extracts and alcohol extracts of Momordicae Semen have the toxicity
and the toxicity decreases with the increase of oil content. The main toxic components reported in the literatures are cochinchinin and saponins. Pharmacological studies have shown that in addition to its traditional anti-cancer
anti-inflammatory
antibacterial and other pharmacological effects
Momordicae Semen also exhibited many pharmacological effects
such as anti-ulcer
anti-oxidation and immune regulation. In recent years
there have been increasingly more research reports on Momordicae Semen. By studying relevant domestic and foreign literatures from 1964 to 2019 in China National Knowledge Infrastructure
Wanfang
PubMed and Web of Science
chemical constituents
pharmacological effects and toxicological research of Momordicae Semen were summarized
which will provide reference for further research and application of Momordicae Semen in the future.
木鳖子化学成分药理作用毒性
Momordicae Semenchemical compositionpharmacological actiontoxicity
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