"العلاج بالشم بالأعشاب الصينية" — شكل جديد لتطبيقات الأعشاب الصينية

  • role: First author第一作者
  • Affiliation:

    Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046,China

  • Email:zhangshuangli0814@163.com
  • Introduction:zhangshuangli0814@163.com
ZHANG Shuangli1,  
  • Affiliation:

    College of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China

GE Shihui2,  
  • Affiliation:

    Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046,China

GE Zimeng1,  
  • Affiliation:

    Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046,China

WANG Yue1,  
  • Affiliation:

    College of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China

YUAN Lianmin2,  
  • Affiliation:

    Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046,China

ZHANG Beibei1,  
  • Affiliation:

    College of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China

LI Xinxuan2,  
  • Affiliation:

    Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046,China

MIAO Jinxin1,  
  • role: Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation:

    Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046,China

    College of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China

  • Email:miaomingsan@163.com
  • Introduction:E-mailmiaomingsan@163.com
MIAO Mingsan12*

ملخص

"العلاج بالشم بالأعشاب الصينية" كشكل مبتكر يجمع بين العلاج العطري التقليدي والتقنيات الحديثة لإيصال الدواء عبر الأنف، يحمل جوهر نظرية الطب الصيني التقليدي "رائحة الطاقة تتحرك عبر الممرات وتفتح المزاغ وتنشط الروح". تستند هذه الورقة إلى السجلات المنهجية للعلاج بالشم في الكتب القديمة في حالات الطوارئ، الحالة الذهنية، الجهاز التنفسي، أمراض النساء وغيرها، وتقسم التطور التاريخي لتطبيقاته السريرية، موضحة الأساس التاريخي العميق والجدوى النظرية لطرح "العلاج بالشم بالأعشاب الصينية" كشكل جديد. بدمج الابتكارات والتطبيقات الدقيقة في أشكال الدواء بالأعشاب المستخدمة في الأمراض العصبية، التنفسية، القلبية والوعائية في العصر الحديث، يتم تحليلها من خلال مسارات مستقبلات الشم، ومسارات الدماغ الشمي، والأوعية الدموية والغدد اللمفاوية في الغشاء الأنفي وغيرها من الطرق المتعددة الأبعاد، لإثبات مزايا الاستجابة السريعة والتنظيم الجهازي. في ظل الطلب المتزايد على العلاجات الخارجية بالأعشاب، والتقنيات المتقدمة لأشكال الدواء الأنفية، والمسارات الدقيقة لإيصال الدواء، يظهر العلاج بالشم بالأعشاب الصينية تطبيقاته الواقعية الملحوظة وإمكانات التطور، بهدف توفير الدعم النظري والاتجاه العملي لبناء نظام متكامل لهذه الطريقة.

مفهوم

العلاج بالشم بالأعشاب الصينية;العلاج الخارجي العطري;آليات متعددة المسارات;الاستهداف عالي الفعالية

References

  1. 1.
    National Medical Products Administration.Notice on the issuance of the interim provisions on the administration of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules[EB/OL].(2001-07-05)[2025-08-01]..
  2. 2.
    ZHU P P,LI G,YANG H J.Trend analysis and regulatory strategies for traditional Chinese medicine formula granules[J].China J Chin Mater Med,2024,49(15):4249-4260.
  3. 3.
    CHEN S J,LI S,GUO K J,et al.Exploration of technical characteristics of national drug standards for traditional Chinese medicine formula granules[J].Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form,2025,31(10):256-264.
  4. 4.
    SUN X X,XU S,BAI S G,et al.Exploration of methods for monitoring and evaluating adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules[J].Chin J Mod Appl Pharm,2024,41(15):2103-2110.
  5. 5.
    PENG M F,LIU B S,BAI M,et al.Chinese medicine formula essential oils:Reflections on a new form of Chinese medicine application[J].Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form,2019,25(14):215-221.
  6. 6.
    HAN Z Y,CAI S T,ZHANG F S,et al.Investigation and analysis of problems in the clinical use of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules[J].Chin J Tradit Chin Med,2017,32(7):2862-2864.
  7. 7.
    WANG P,SHEN J,SHI S J,et al.Historical origin and modern research progress of external therapy in traditional Chinese medicine[J].J Nanjing Univ Tradit Chin Med,2022,38(11):990-999.
  8. 8.
    ZHAO L H,LI J S,SU S L,et al.Research progress of transdermal absorption preparations of traditional Chinese medicine for inflammatory pain[J].Chin Tradit Herb Med,2021,52(23):7339-7347.
  9. 9.
    WANG N,ZHONG W X,LI Y K.Several issues of external ointments of traditional Chinese medicine[J].Chin J Tradit Chin Med,2022,37(1):289-292.
  10. 10.
    PENG M F,LIU B S,MIAO M S.Proposal and practice of formula essential oils[J].Acta Chin Med,2018,33(9):1745-1749.
  11. 11.
    MIAO M S.Study of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Essential Oils[M].Jinan:Shandong Science and Technology Press,2022.
  12. 12.
    PENG M F,TIAN S,BAI M,et al.Exploration of formula essential oils based on the "Three Micro"[J].Chin J Tradit Chin Med,2019,34(7):2962-2965.
  13. 13.
    MIAO M S.Study of Traditional Chinese Medicine Inhalation and Sniffing[M].Beijing:China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2025.
  14. 14.
    ZHANG S L,ZHAO Y N,FENG Y F,et al.Connotation and extension of traditional Chinese medicine inhalation and sniffing[J].Chin J Tradit Chin Med,2023,38(8):3517-3521.
  15. 15.
    ZHANG Y,LI X L,LI H Y,et al.Historical and modern application and scientific connotation of nasal administration of traditional Chinese medicine for epidemic prevention[J].World J Tradit Chin Med,2024,19(5):656-661.
  16. 16.
    LI J H,WENG H,ZHANG L,et al.Medication rules of external therapy of traditional Chinese medicine for migraine based on ancient TCM literature[J].Shanghai J Tradit Chin Med,2024,58(11):28-32.
  17. 17.
    YANG X,TANG J,YANG D D,et al.Aromatherapy with traditional Chinese medicine essential oils for emotional disorders[J].World J Tradit Chin Med,2024,19(18):2825-2832,2839.
  18. 18.
    LIN X K,MAO Z G,YANG X Y,et al.Modern research and application characteristics of inhalation therapy for chronic pulmonary diseases[J].Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form,2025,31(19):92-104.
  19. 19.
    LI Y N,WU X X,LI X L,et al.Mechanisms and application overview of external use of aromatic traditional Chinese medicine essential oils for prevention and treatment of respiratory infectious diseases[J].J Tradit Chin Med,2025,66(6):638-644.
  20. 20.
    DU Q,YE M F,GUAN Y M,et al.Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine essential oils in the treatment of dysmenorrhea[J].Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form,2022,28(6):254-261.
  21. 21.
    DONG W,HUANG X Y,TANG X L,et al.Research progress on the effects of plant essential oils on cardiovascular diseases[J].Chin Tradit Herb Med,2021,52(24):7668-7679.
  22. 22.
    ZHAO H P,KANG L Z,LUO Y,et al.Exploration of the principle of "using Qi (aroma) to act" in aromatic traditional Chinese medicine[J].J Tradit Chin Med,2021,62(9):743-747.
  23. 23.
    WANG J F,TENG J L.Properties and clinical application of aromatic traditional Chinese medicines[J].Chin Herb Med Clin,2016,7(6):41-43.
  24. 24.
    JIA W G,XU Q,ZHANG Z H,et al.Historical evolution and application progress of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and inhalation therapy for respiratory diseases[J].China J Basic Med Tradit Chin Med,2020,26(7):1025-1029.
  25. 25.
    YANG H Y,JIANG X,AN Y K,et al.History,current status,existing problems and development perspectives of administration of traditional Chinese medicine via inhalation and sniffing[J].Pharmaco Chin Chin Mater Med,2024,40(12):124-128.
  26. 26.
    ZHAO Y N,YANG J Y,QI Y P,et al.Characteristics and suitable diseases of TCM nasal therapy based on mining of ancient literature[J].Chin J Tradit Chin Med,2025,40(3):1118-1124.
  27. 27.
    ZHANG Z Y,MAO Z J,LAN J L,et al.Theoretical basis and comparison of ancient and modern applications of nasal inhalation of traditional Chinese medicine[J].J Zhejiang Univ Tradit Chin Med,2024,48(4):483-491.
  28. 28.
    ZHANG Z J.Jin Kui Yao Lue[M].Beijing:People's Medical Publishing House,2005:102.
  29. 29.
    ZHU Z H.Dan Xi Xin Fa[M].Beijing:China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2008:32.
  30. 30.
    WU Q,et al.Yi Zong Jin Jian[M].Beijing:Zhong Yi Gu Ji Press,1995.05.
  31. 31.
    LIN H,MEI Q X.Contribution of Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang to external therapy with aromatic medicines[J].J Clin Med Mater,2015,38(6):1315-1318.
  32. 32.
    FU L,LIN Y,MA Y D.Study of aromatic medicines in Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang[J].Chin J Tradit Chin Med,2016,31(10):3917-3921.
  33. 33.
    LUO X Y,WANG Y N,YANG B L,et al.Exploration of aromatherapy in Pu Ji Fang Zhu Xiang[J].J Tradit Chin Med Lit,2017,35(3):25-27.
  34. 34.
    SHAO N,BAO L R.Exploration of emotional disorders in TCM from the perspective of "aroma"[J].Chin J Tradit Chin Med,2022,37(6):3383-3386.
  35. 35.
    LIN Y R,ZHANG B.Research progress on aromatherapy of traditional Chinese medicine for improving cognitive dysfunction[J].Jiangsu J Tradit Chin Med,2017,49(9):78-81.
  36. 36.
    SUN S M.Qian Jin Yao Fang[M].Beijing:Zhong Yi Gu Ji Press,2019.
  37. 37.
    SHI L,CAO S S,YANG Q,et al.Study and application of inhalation therapy in traditional Chinese medicine[J].J Tradit Chin Med,2023,64(10):978-982.
  38. 38.
    WANG X J.Brief discussion on the external treatment characteristics in Ci Xi Guang Xu Yi Fang Xuan Yi[J].J External Ther Tradit Chin Med,1994,3(2):2.
  39. 39.
    WEI R,WANG J X,JIANG H,et al.Clinical study of professor LIU Daxin's "Runshu Nasal Oil" in the treatment of nasal dryness[J].Chin J Otolaryngol Integrate Tradit West Med,2019,27(6):408-411,415.
  40. 40.
    XIAO X,XU X D,GESANG L,et al.Clinical observation of saffron extract nasal spray in the treatment of moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis[J].Chin J Otolaryngol Integrate Tradit West Med,2024,32(6):417-422,433.
  41. 41.
    ZHANG S,HU Y,MIAO M,et al.Molecular mechanism of Chang Shen Hua volatile oil modulating brain cAMP-PKA-CREB pathway to improve depression-like behavior in rats[J].Phytomedicine,2024,25(130):155729.
  42. 42.
    ZHAO Y,HU Y,MIAO M,et al.Network pharmacology and experimental validation reveal the mechanisms of sniffing essential oil of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma in treating olfactory dysfunction[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2024,(11)24:118851.
  43. 43.
    Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.A traditional Chinese medicine dry powder inhaler and preparation method and its application:200610039363.1[P].2006-11-08.
  44. 44.
    QIU Q,XU L R,SANG F,et al.Research progress on clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine nebulization inhalation for respiratory diseases[J].Liaoning J Tradit Chin Med,2024,51(11):213-216.
  45. 45.
    WAN A P,ZHOU X,FENG Y L,et al.Preparation and evaluation of temperature-sensitive gel of traditional Chinese medicine chrysanthemum essential oil polymer micelles[J].Chin New Drugs J,2023,32(11):1163-1170.
  46. 46.
    XIAN P,ZOU L H,NI S T,et al.Nasal-to-brain nanodelivery strategies and research progress in the treatment of brain diseases[J].Acta Pharm Sin,2024,59(12):3199-3214.
  47. 47.
    HU Y,ZHAO Y,MAO Z,et al.Inhalation of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma essential oil alleviates dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease rats through the regulation of neuroinflammation[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2025,348:119705.
  48. 48.
    MAO Z,LIN X,HU Y,et al.Exploring the anti-inflammatory effects of Radix Curcumae essential oil in pulmonary sarcoidosis via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway[J].Phytomedicine,2025,139:156496.
  49. 49.
    ZHAO L H.A nasal spray for refreshing the brain and calming the mind,its preparation method and application.China,201210018233.5[P].2012-07-04.
  50. 50.
    PAN L P,CHEN G C,WANG M S,et al.Clinical observation of nasal inhalation of oxygenated Bingshe liquid combined with acupuncture for ischemic stroke[J].J New Chin Med,2018,50(7):214-216.
  51. 51.
    YAN M,ZHANG L,ZHANG L L,et al.Effects of nasal administration of Tripterygium glycosides liposomes on behavioral and cognitive impairments in mice induced by central neuroinflammation[J].China J Chin Mater Med,2023,48(9):2426-2434.
  52. 52.
    LI Z H.Study on nasal administration of tetrahydropalmatine based on traditional medication experience[D].Xi'an:Northwest University,2019.
  53. 53.
    YANG Q,YANG L S,JIA L L,et al.Repair effect of Cangyi nasal oil on nasal mucosal injury in mice and its influence on tight junction protein expression[J].Chin Naturopthy,2023,31(20):75-79,125.
  54. 54.
    UENO-IIO T,SHIBAKURA M,YOKOTA K,et al.Lavender essential oil inhalation suppresses allergic airway inflammation and mucous cell hyperplasia in a murine model of asthma[J].Life Sci,2014,108(2):109-115.
  55. 55.
    WU M,ZHANG J Y,ZHANG X,et al.Clinical observation of Xinyi essential oil nanoliposome nasal drops in the treatment of pediatric allergic rhinitis[J].Chin J Integr Tradit West Med,2009,29(8):740-742.
  56. 56.
    WU C X,XUE B B,LI J B,et al.Clinical observation of Biqiu Tongqiao Fang nasal spray in the treatment of pediatric allergic rhinitis with lung meridian latent heat syndrome[J]J External Ther Tradit Chin Med,2023,32(1):43-45.
  57. 57.
    CHEN T,ZHUANG B,LIU Y,et al.Study on nebulized inhalation of essential oil nanoemulsion for the treatment of allergic rhinitis[J].Mil Med J,2020,44(10):755-761.
  58. 58.
    WANG J R,QI H Y.Clinical experience of nasal drops for angina pectoris in treating chest Bi and heart pain[J].J Emerg Syndromes Tradit Chin Med,2007,16(6):732-733.
  59. 59.
    WANG Z L,QIAN S M,ZHANG H M.Clinical study of Xinan Ning nasal drops in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris in coronary heart disease[J].Hubei J Tradit Chin Med,2005,27(12):5-7.
  60. 60.
    LI J X,LIU Y F,FU J,et al.Effects of inhalation of different concentrations of lavender essential oil on blood pressure in college students[J].Chin J Tradit Chin Med,2012,27(9):2397-2401.
  61. 61.
    VEISKARAMIAN A,GHOLAMI M,YARAHMADI S,et al.Effect of aromatherapy with Melissa essential oil on stress and hemodynamic parameters in acute coronary syndrome patients:A clinical trial in the emergency department[J].Complement Ther Clin Pract,2021,44:101436.
  62. 62.
    ZHANG Y,HU C W,CHU Y Q,et al.Effects of inhalation of lemon essential oil on postoperative nausea,vomiting and early recovery quality in gynecological laparoscopic patients[J].J Nurs Train,2021,36(19):1767-1771.
  63. 63.
    TRANDEL-KORENCHUK S C,GUJRAL H,BODE C,et al.Aromatherapy blend for postoperative nausea in ambulatory surgery patients[J].J Perianesth Nurs,2022,37(1):19-23.
  64. 64.
    NIKJOU R,KAZEMZADEH R,ROSTAMNEGAD M,et al.The Effect of lavender aromatherapy on the pain severity of primary dysmenorrhea:A triple-blind randomized clinical trial[J].Ann Med Health Sci Res,2016,6(4):211-215.
  65. 65.
    FRANCIA S,LODOVICHI C.The role of the odorant receptors in the formation of the sensory map[J].BMC Biol,2021,19(1):174.
  66. 66.
    ZHOU W W,WANG P Q,YANG X J,et al.Network pharmacology study on the medicinal properties of pungent aromatic Chinese herbs Chenpi,Dingxiang and Xiaohuixiang based on olfactory receptors[J].Chin Tradit Herb Med,2020,51(24):6286-6293.
  67. 67.
    LEE S J,DEPOORTERE I,HATT H.Therapeutic potential of ectopic olfactory and taste receptors[J].Nat Rev Drug Discov,2019,18(2):116-138.
  68. 68.
    CHEN Q,TANG Z,LAI C C.Functions and mechanisms of olfactory receptors in non-olfactory tissues and cells[J].Prog Biochem Biophys,2020,47(2):91-104.
  69. 69.
    LIU C,ZHAO Y X,GE B B,et al.Functions of ectopic olfactory receptors and research progress as drug targets[J].J Chin Pharm Univ,2024,55(3):412-419.
  70. 70.
    HUANG J,LAM H,KOZIOL-WHITE C,et al.The odorant receptor OR2W3 on airway smooth muscle evokes bronchodilation via a cooperative chemosensory tradeoff between TMEM16A and CFTR[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2020,117(45):28485-28495.
  71. 71.
    HAN S,WANG J T,YAVUZ E,et al.Spatiotemporal tracking of gold nanorods after intranasal administration for brain targeting[J].J Control Release,2023,357:606-619.
  72. 72.
    JEONG S H,JANG J H,LEE Y B.Drug delivery to the brain via the nasal route of administration:Exploration of key targets and major consideration factors[J].J Pharm Investig,2023,53(1):119-152.
  73. 73.
    FUNG T,LAU B,NGAI S,et al.Therapeutic effect and mechanisms of essential oils in mood disorders:Interaction between the Nervous and Respiratory Systems[J].Int J Mol Sci,2021,22(9):4844.
  74. 74.
    GONZALEZ J,TORTEROLO P,BOLDING K,et al.Communication subspace dynamics of the canonical olfactory pathway[J].iScience,2024,27(12):111275.
  75. 75.
    QIU Y,HUANG S,PENG L,et al.The nasal-brain drug delivery route:Mechanisms and applications to central nervous system diseases[J].Med Comm (2020),2025,6(6):e70213.
  76. 76.
    CROWE T P,GREENLEE M H W,KANTHASAMY A G,et al.Mechanism of intranasal drug delivery directly to the brain[J].Life Sci,2018,195:44-52.
  77. 77.
    WU H,LI C,YUAN H,et al.Brain delivery strategies for biomacromolecular drugs:Intranasal administration[J].Int J Nanomed,2025,20:6463-6487.
  78. 78.
    CORREIA A C,MONTEIRO A R,SILVA R,et al.Lipid nanoparticles strategies to modify pharmacokinetics of central nervous system targeting drugs:Crossing or circumventing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to manage neurological disorders[J].Adv Drug Deliv Rev,2022,189:114485.
  79. 79.
    FREY W H,LIU J,CHEN X,et al.Delivery of 125I-NGF to the brain via the olfactory route[J].Drug Delivery,1997,4(2):87-92.
  80. 80.
    DRATH I,RICHTER F,FEJA M.Nose-to-brain drug delivery:From bench to bedside[J].Transl Neuro,2025,14(1):23.
  81. 81.
    SUN B,CHEN G L,XU Y.Current status of clinical application of nasal-to-brain drug delivery[J].Chin J Mod Appl Pharm,2025,42(8):1419-1426.
  82. 82.
    ALBAYRAM M S,SMITH G,TUFAN F,et al.Non-invasive MR imaging of human brain lymphatic networks with connections to cervical lymph nodes[J].Nat Commun,2022,13(1):203.
  83. 83.
    SUN B L,WANG L H,YANG T,et al.Lymphatic drainage system of the brain:A novel target for intervention of neurological diseases[J].Prog Neurobiol,2018(163/164):118-143.
  84. 84.
    WANG X R,LI Z Z,SUN S D,et al.Inhaling eugenol inhibits NAFLD by activating the hepatic ectopic olfactory receptor olfr544 and modulating the gut microbiota[J].Adv Sci (Weinh),2025,12(42):e10321.
  85. 85.
    YU F K,CHEN J,LI L H,et al.Progress in modern research on nasal preparations of traditional Chinese medicine[J].Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form,2022,28(16):245-254.
  86. 86.
    LIU J J,ZHANG L J,FU F,et al.Analysis of key points in production quality supervision of China's first nasal spray COVID-19 vaccine[J].Chin New Drugs J,2024,33(14):1437-1441.
  87. 87.
    WEI W,ZHANG C,YUAN X J,et al.Comparative study of spray characteristics of nasal influenza live attenuated vaccine delivery devices at home and abroad[J].Chin J Biols,2023,36(11):1291-1296.
  88. 88.
    CHEN R.Clinical observation of recombinant human interferon α-2b spray in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children[J].Tianjin Pharm,2024,36(6):38-41.
  89. 89.
    CHEN Y,WANG T T,HUANG Y F,et al.Research progress on nasal-to-brain delivery strategies of active components of traditional Chinese medicine[J].Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form,2025,31(17):252-261.
  90. 90.
    ZHANG M,SUN M Y,ZHU N W,et al.Nasal administration of NMFGF1 nanoparticles improves cognitive dysfunction in vascular dementia mice[J].Chin J Mod Appl Pharm,2023,40(20):2838-2845.

قراءة النص الكامل

The above content is generated by Large Model Translation. The translated content is for reference only. We do not assume any commercial or legal responsibilty for any consequences arising from the use of our website