最新刊期
卷 24 ， 期 10 ， 2018
- 摘要：Objective: To compare the quality difference between Mahuang Xixin Fuzitang (MXF) prepared by different processed products of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata for exploring the scientificalness of selection of processed products specification in classic Chinese materia medica recipe. Method: By taking effect-toxic components in MXF as evaluation indexes, this article investigated MXF decoction prepared by five different processed products of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata from the quantitative determination of effect-toxic components in MXF. Result: After multivariate statistical analysis, six characteristic constituents were identified as kakuol, methyl eugenol, asarinin, mesaconitine (MA), hypaconitine (HA) and aconitine (AC), respectively.Compared with other processed products, the processed product prepared by stir-frying had the lower content of diester alkaloids and the highest level of monoester alkaloids. Conclusion: There are differences on the content of effect-toxic components in MXF prepared by different processed products of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, which can provide a reference for making the past serve the present of classic Chinese materia medica recipe.关键词：Mahuang Xixin Fuzitang;Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata;processed products;effect-toxic components;decoction;diester alkaloids;alkaliods in Ephedrae Herba8|240|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To prepare supersaturatable self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of andrographolide for increasing its solubility and bioavailability. Method: Based on results of solubility test and pseudo-ternary phase diagrams, the formulation of self-microemulsifying drug delivery system was optimized by simplex lattice method with degree of average particle size, polydispersity index and emulsifying time as indexes;and the best supersaturated inhibitor was screened out by means of crystallization, particle size, polydispersity index, self-emulsifying time and dissolution rate of andrographolide. Result: The optimum formulation of andrographolide supersaturated self-microemulsion was ethyl oleate, polysorbate-80, polyethylene glycol 400 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M in the ration of 20:35:45:1.After emulsification, average particle size, polydispersity index, Zeta potential, emulsifying time and the cumulative dissolution rate at 1 hour of andrographolide supersaturatable drug delivery system were (29.26±0.56) nm, 0.19±0.02, (-10.23±2.34) mV, (62.39±2.03) s and 91%, respectively. Conclusion: The hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M can obviously inhibit the crystallization time and increase the stability of the self-microemulsion;compared with the ordinary self-microemulsion, supersaturated self-microemulsion can improve the dissolution of andrographolide obviously, and the bioavailability of andrographolide is improved.关键词：andrographolide;dysentery;supersaturated self-microemulsion;simplex lattice method;in vitro dissolution;polydispersity index;self-microemulsifying drug delivery system8|513|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: In order to provide a theoretical basis for mass production, the vacuum freeze-drying technology of Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface methodology. Method: Based on single factor experiment, Box-Behnken response surface method was used to optimize vacuum freeze-drying technology of Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis with the content of total polysaccharides as index.The fingerprint of amino acids in Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis was established by HPLC.HPLC was conducted on ODS-Hypersil column (0.46 cm×20 cm, 5 μm)with gradient elution;the detection wavelength was set at 338 nm before 37.5 min, then changed to 262 nm.The similarity of fingerprints between samples dried by the optimized technology and fresh samples was calculated. Result: The best freeze-drying process conditions of Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis were as follows:the sublimation drying temperature of -16.4℃, the sublimation drying time of 11.04 h, vacuum degree of 85 Pa.Under these conditions, the content of total polysaccharides in Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis was 23.74%, its tested value and predicted value were basic identical.Compared with the fresh samples, the similarity of fingerprint of dried products was more than 0.90. Conclusion: Model established by Box-Behnken response surface methodology has good predictability, which is suitable for optimizing the vacuum freeze-drying technology of Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis.关键词：Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis;vacuum freeze-drying technology;response surface methodology;fingerprint;total polysaccharides;total flavonoids;amino acids8|412|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: In this study, we researched the stability of rhubarb anthraquinones in artificial gastric juice and synergistic effect of its enteric preparation, in order to provide reference for rational application of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. Method: Water decoction of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma was placed in the artificial gastric juice, and the content of rhubarb anthraquinones was analysed at 0.5, 1, 2 h, respectively.After decoction of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, rhubarb traditional granules and enteric granules were prepared by spray drying, and then we compared their differences in efficacy of purgaion. Result: After 2 h when water decoction of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma placed in the artificial gastric juice, the content of Rhubarb combined anthraquinones destroyed about 23.868 mg, and the content of total anthraquinones destroyed about 16.966 mg, the content of free anthraquinones increased by about 6.902 mg;the content of combined anthraquinones with purgative effect decreased by about 25%.Compared with the same dose of rhubarb traditional granules group, the defecation volume of rhubarb enteric granules group in 12 h was significantly increased. Conclusion: Rhubarb anthraquinones is unstable in the gastric juice, especially the combined anthraquinones.Rhubarb enteric preparation can avoid anthraquinones being hydrolyzed in the stomach, and enhance its purgative effect.关键词：rhubarb anthraquinones;gastric juice;stability;enteric granules;efficacy of purgaion;free anthraquinones;combined anthraquinones8|312|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: Based on the cultivation under the crown of Atractylodes lancea was better than the open field cultivation, different light experiments were carried out to investigate effect of different light qualities on the growth and the volatile oil content of A. lancea. Method: Six different light quality groups were set up, which included CK (blank group), red light group, blue light group, red-blue (9:1) group, red-blue (6:1) group and red-blue (3:1) group, 9 months later, sampling analysis was carried out. Result: The biomass (23.18 g) and total content of four essential oil components (3.74%) of A. lancea were the highest under red-blue (9:1) light conditions;followed by red-blue (6:1), the biomass was 18.32 g and the total content of four essential oil components was 2.97%.In addition, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of red-blue (9:1) group were higher than those in other treatments, and most of them had significant differences.The activities of antioxidant enzyme[superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), reduced glutathione (GSH), reductive ascorbic acid (AsA) and catalase (CAT)] under different light quality groups were higher than those in the blank group, and most of them had significant differences.The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in red-blue (9:1) group was significantly lower than in the blank group. Conclusion: The results show that red-blue (9:1) illumination condition is most suitable for the growth and development of A. lancea, which provides new cropping patterns for improvement of yield and quality of this herb.关键词：Atractylodes lancea;light quality;biomass;volatile oil;antioxidant enzyme;atractylol;β-eudesmol8|357|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the yield and chemical composition contents of root and rhizome of Rheum palmatum in artificial cultivation. Method: Through pot experiment in room, not inoculated AM fungi group was regarded as CK group, inoculated Funneliformis mosseae fungi as AM group, 15 pots repeated in each group, each pot planted 10 seeds, 3 strains were kept on in each pot when the seedlings came out. Literature establishment method was used to calculate the mycorrhizal colonization rate and colonization intensity, weighing method was adopted to determine the yield and HPLC was conducted to determine the contents of anthraquinones in root and rhizome of Rheum palmatum, then the change of the biomass and anthraquinones in R. palmatum was compared between CK group and AM group. Result: Colonization rate of AM group and CK group were (96.96±1.57)% and 0, colonization intensities were (62.07±3.40)% and 0.Compared with CK group, the yield increased (42.96±2.12)%, the average content of total anthraquinones increased 127.43% in AM group, there were statistical significances in difference (P<0.05).The result of HPLC showed that, there was a certain change on the contents and composition ratio of anthraquinones between AM group and CK group, but inoculation of AM fungi did not lead to fundamental change on the effective components in R. palmatum. Conclusion: It could obviously promote the growth and increase the contents of effective components in root and rhizome of R. palmatum after AM fungi were inoculated, however, the kinds of anthraquinones showed no difference.关键词：Rheum palmatum;arbuscular mycorrhizal;yield;anthraquinones8|203|9更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To compare the content of catechin in radix and rhizoma of Rheum tanguticum at different growing stages and harvesting stages and with different fertilizer doses in Donggou Village, Huzu County, Qinghai province, in order to determine the best harvesting stage and fertilizer dose. Method: Three harvesting stages were designed in May, July and October every year, and two-year-old, three-year-old and four-year-old R. tanguticum radix and rhizoma were fertilized with phosphorus (superphosphate) and potassium (potassium sulfate) fertilizers. The methanol extracts were analyzed through HPLC. Platisil SB-C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) was adopted and eluted with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid as mobile phase in a gradient mode. The column temperature was 25℃, the injection volume was 15 μL, the flow rate was 0.8 mL·min-1; the wavelength was 224 nm. Result: The linear ranges of catechin was 0.424-10.60 μg (r=0.999 9), the content of catechin gradually increased with the rise of growing years; the average content of catechin came to the maximum in May, which was followed by July, and the least content was observed in October; the content of catechin in fertilizer group was higher than that of the control group. Conclusion: With the catechin content as the harvesting indicator, three or four-year-old R. tanguticum radix and rhizoma is suitable for harvesting, the optimal harvesting stages are May, and P2O5 45 kg·ha-1 was the most appropriate. Catechin content of three or four-year-old R. tanguticum radix and rhizoma exceeded 20 mg·g-1. Therefore, catechin content is suggested to be no less than 20%, which provides a basis for the quality control of R. tanguticum radix and rhizoma.关键词：radix and rhizoma of Rheum tanguticum;catechin;content;HPLC;growing years;harvesting stage;fertilization8|180|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To identify Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix and its adulterants based on internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and its secondary structure. Method: Total 36 ITS sequences were downloaded from GenBank and aligned by Geneious R11.0.3. The intraspecific and interspecific K2P genetic distance was calculated by MEGA 7.0, and the neighbor joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree was built by the same software.Simultaneously, the secondary structure of each sample was predicted by the ITS2 Database online softwareand aligned by 4sale software. Finally, ProfDistS software was used to construct the profile neighbor-joining (PNJ) phylogenetic tree based on the distance method. Result: The average interspecific genetic distance was far greater than the average intraspecific genetic distance. NJ tree showed that Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix and its adulterants were clustered into 6 branches;both Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix and its adulterants had different secondary structures. The PNJ tree showed more branches and higher resolution than NJ tree. Conclusion: ITS2 can be used as a DNA barcode for distinguishing Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix from its adulterants, but the identification results would be more accurate when considering the phylogenetic information contained in ITS2 secondary structure.关键词：Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix;secondary structure;DNA barcoding;molecular identification11|243|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents from the carpopodium of Schisandra chinensis for further research of its potential medicinal value, and provide certain chemical basis and foundation for the comprehensive development and the search for pharmacological activity. Method: The air-dried carpopodium of S. chinensis (6.0 kg) was extracted with 70% ethanol under reflux for 3 times, 2 hours each time. After removal of solvent, the crude extract was suspended in H2O and further extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butyl alcohol. The EtOAc fraction was further isolated and purified by using positive phase silica gel column chromatography, reversed phase ODS column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods including1H-NMR and13 C-NMR as well as HR-ESI-MS data. Result: Ten monomeric compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the 70% ethanol extract from the carpopodium of S. chinensis, and were identified as 1β, 4α, 11α-trihydroxyeudesmane (1), bullatantriol (2), alismoxide (3), sonnerstigmane D (4), zataroside-A (5), magnoliaterpenoid C (6), (Z)-furanosyl-linalooloxide-7-O-[β-D-apiofura-nosyl- (1-6)-1-β-D-glucopyranoside] (7), thymoquinol 2-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl- (1-6)-β-D-gluco-pyranoside (8), 8-hydroxy-neo-menthol (9), and 9-hydroxy-megastigma-4, 7-dien-3-one-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10). Conclusion: Compounds 1-7, 9, 10 were isolated from the plants of Schisandra genus for the first time. The discovery of these compounds further enriched the chemical constituents of S. chinensis, providing experimental and scientific basis for the comprehensive development and utilization of S. chinensis.关键词：Schisandra chinensis;carpopodium;Magnoliaceae;chemical constituents;sesquiterpenoids;monoterpene;structure identification11|287|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Scutellaria amoena. Method: The aerial parts of S. amoena were extracted by using 90% ethanol heat refluxing method, then suspended in H2O and partitioned with ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain respective fractions. The components were isolated and purified by silica gel chromatography, polyamide chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column, recrystallization and other methods. Their chemical structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral analysis (1H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and MS). Result: Eleven compounds were isolated from 90% ethanol extracts and identified as baicalein (1), baicalin (2), oroxylin A (3), oroxylin A-7-O-β-D-glucurunopyranside (4), wogonin (5), norwogonin (6), chrysin (7), chrysin-7-O-β-D-glucurunopyranoside (8), scutellarin (9), 5, 7-dihydroxy-6, 8-dimethoxyflavone (10), and β-sitosterol (11). Conclusion: All compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of S. amoena for the first time. Compounds 9 and 10 were isolated from this plant for the first time.关键词：Scutellaria amoena;aerial parts;chemical constituents;clearing heat and expelling dampness9|282|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To rapidly analyze the anti-complement active constituents in the Rheum ihasaenseby UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS technology, and to provide a reference for elucidating the anti-complement activity pharmacological basis of the rhubarb. Method: 95% ethanol extract of rhubarb was extracted to obtain petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The anti-complement hemolytic activity (CH50) of three parts was determined. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was used to characterize the chemical constituents of the three parts by using the target compound screening method in the mass spectrometry software, and the chemical composition was identified by the retention time, the exact molecular weight and the secondary mass spectrometry. Result: The values of anticomplement activity of adipsoin was 0.032·mL-1, which was stronger than that of positive drug heparin. In the optimized LC-MS, the scifinder database, reference substance and related literature werecombined to identify compounds. The main components of petroleum ether were identified, which were mainly fatty acids and sterols. Thirteencompounds from ethyl acetate were identified, mainly free anthraquinones and stilbenes. The main components of n-butanol were identified as mainly anthraquinone glycosides and stilbene glycosides. Conclusion: Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS technology, the chemical constituents of the n-butanol-resistant part of the reaction group were mainly anthraquinone and stilbene glycosides, which provided foundation for furtherseparation and development of anti-complement active ingredients from rhubarb.关键词：Rheum ihasaense;chemical composition;anti-complement;UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS;clearing heat and detoxicating13|401|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To prepare and optimize a kind of molecular imprinted sensor, investigate its performance and applicability, and use it for the determination of shikimic acid in Illicium verum fructus. Method: The molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs)were prepared by bulk polymerization with shikimic acid as a template molecule, with 2-vinylpyridine (2-VPY), 4-vinylpyridine (4-VPY) and methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomers, and then they were loaded in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane as sensing component of ion-selective electrode (ISE). The morphologies of the optimal MIP and imprinted membrane were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A series of electrode performances, including the pH applicability, standard curve, selectivity, response time and stability, were investigated. The potentiometry was employed to detect shikimic acid in I. verum fructus, and the test result was verified by UV-visible spectrometry. Result: Under the optimized conditions, 2-VPY was screened as functional monomer to prepare MIP ISE, as the rough porous structure of the electrode material and the pH tolerance, selectivity, response time and stability of the electrode were beneficial to the actual samples analysis. The detection limit of this methos was 1×10-6 mol·L-1, with linear range of 1×10-6 -1×10-1 mol·L-1, slope of 38.7 mV·decade-1, and electrode response time of 3 min. The real sample test results were consistent with those provided by UV spectrophotometry. Conclusion: The novel MIP ISE was applicable to the determination of shikimic acid in I. verum fructus because of its high sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy, precision and stability.关键词：molecularly imprinted polymer;potentiometry;I. verum fructus;shikimic acid;antiviral8|141|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To explore the effects of different drying methods on the quality of Cinnamomum camphora leaves, in order to provide the theoretical reference for determining the industrial extraction process of C. camphora. Method: Fresh leaves were treated with four drying methods, such as natural drying, constant temperature blast drying, vacuum drying and vacuum freeze drying; the appearance and morphological characteristics of dried leaves, and microscopic structure of leaves powder were observed. The volatile oil was extracted and purified by ultrasonic assisted steam distillation. The ingredients of D-borneol, camphor and isoborneol were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Result: In the naturally dried leaves, there were more oval-shaped oil droplets, with the diameter of 0.29-1.04 μm, the number of units per unit area was 1-5 pieces/μm2, and the extraction rate of volatile oil and the content of D-borneol were 2.20% and 97%, respectively (P<0.05). In the constant temperature blast drying leaves, there were a large number of square or rectangular oil droplets in parenchyma cells, the extraction rate of volatile oil was significantly higher than 29.28% of naturally dried ones (P<0.05). In the vacuum drying leaves, there were a large number of irregular or oval oil droplets in parenchyma cells, the number per unit area was significantly higher than that of naturally dried ones (P<0.05), the extraction rates of volatile oil and D-borneol were 23.42% and 0.63% and significantly higher than that of naturally dried ones. In the vacuum freeze drying leaves, there were a lot of intracellular circular oil droplets and the largest number of unit area, and the extraction rates of volatile oil and D-borneol were significantly higher than that of natural drying, which were 56.76% and 1.44%, respectively. Conclusion: Different drying methods have a great influence on the number of oil droplets, the extraction rate of volatile oil and the content of chemical compositions. The effect of vacuum freeze drying is the best, which is followed by vacuum drying, constant temperature blast drying and natural drying. Natural C. camphora camphor industrialized constant temperature drying method is feasible through the comprehensive analysis of equipment investment, production costs and drying effect.关键词：Cinnamomum camphora;drying technology;essential oil;microscopic identification;inducing resuscitation8|261|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To analyze the content and distribution characteristics of volatile components in Artemisiae Argyi Folium of different regions by HS-SPME-GC-MS, in order to provide the scientific basis for the study of the geographical origin and the scientific reference for the rational utilization of Artemisiae Argyi Folium. Method: The volatile components were investigated by HS-SPME-GC-MS based on the agilent productivity Chem Station and quantified roughly by peak area normalization method. The data were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). Result: One hundred and eighty-seven components were preliminarily identified as mainlyketones, alkenes, aldehydes and alcohols. There were significant differences in essential components of Artemisiae Argyi Folium from different origins. Artemisiae Argyi Folium from Qichun in Hubei province had the best quality. Conclusion: The method of headspace solid phase microextraction is simple and convenient, with a fast extraction speed and low use cost. The method of headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is stable and reliable, and suitable for the rapid analysis of volatile components in leaves, and provide a scientific basis for the rational use of the resources.关键词：Artemisiae Argyi Folium;different origins;volatile component;HS-SPME-GC-MS;principal component analysis;cluster analysis8|395|9更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of traditional Chinese medicine Tangbikang (TBK) on autophagy in rat Schwann cells with high glucose, in order to verify the autophagy is an important pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Method: The drug-contained serum was prepared by serum-pharmacological method. Rat Schwann cells (RSC) were cultured in vitro. The experiment included 6 groups:normal group (Con, 20% normal rat serum), high-glucose group (Glu, 50 mmol·L-1 Glu+20% normal rat serum), methycobal group (MKB, 50 mmol·L-1 Glu+20% rat serum containing methycobal), high-dose TBK group (TBKH, 50 mmol·L-1 Glu+20% rat serum containing TBK), medium-dose TBK group (TBKM, 50 mmol·L-1 Glu+10% rat serum containing TBK+10% normal rat serum); and low-dose TBK group (TBKL, 50 mmol·L-1 Glu+2.5% rat serum containing TBK+17.5% normal rat serum). After 48 h, cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry method, and expressions of autophagy protein Beclin 1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light Chain 3-Ⅱ (LC3 Ⅱ) were detected by Western blot method. Result: High glucose level activated proliferation of RSC (P<0.01), increased apoptosis rate (P<0.01), and decreased Beclin 1 and LC3 Ⅱ protein expressions (P<0.01); TBK serum promoted RSC cell proliferation (P<0.01) and apoptosis (P<0.01), and up-regulated expressions of Beclin 1 and LC3 Ⅱ proteins (P<0.01). Conclusion: TBK could accelerate injured RSC in a high-glucose environment by reducing Schwann cell apoptosis and promoting autophagy.关键词：Tangbikang;Schwann cell;diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN);autophagy;apoptosis8|200|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To elucidate the effect and mechanism of cinnamaldehyde (CA) in improving blood glucose in obese db/db mice. Method: Twenty-four 6 to 8-week-old male db/db mice were randomly divided into model group, Metformin group, low-dose CA group and high-dose CA group according to their levels of blood glucose, with 6 in each group, while six C57BL/6J mice of the same age were included in normal group. After treatment for four weeks, fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterd (TC), total triglyceride (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), fasting insulin (Fins), homa insulin-resistance (HOMA-IR), hepatic glycogen and PAS staining of liver were measured. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to quantify the mRNA and protein expressions of certain targets in liver. Result: It was found that the body weight, fast blood glucose, Fins, HOMA-IR, lipid were significantly decreased in the CA group compared with model group after the treatment for 4 weeks (P<0.05, P<0.01). Hepatic glycogen was higher in the CA group than model group (P<0.01). The mRNA expressions of glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in mice of CA group decreased significantly (P<0.01), and the protein expressions of p-protein kinase B (Akt), p-glycogenkinase3β (GSK3β) in mice of CA group increased significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion: It was demonstrated that CA may reduce the blood glucose in db/db mice by up-regulating the mRNA expressions of G-6-P and PEPCK, and down-regulating the protein expressions of p-Akt, p-GSK3β in liver.关键词：cinnamaldehyde;type 2 diabetes;glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P)/phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK);protein kinase B (Akt)/glycogenkinase3β (GSK3β)8|300|10更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Prunellae Spica extracts on hepatic glycogen, and the gene expressions of glycogen synthase 2 (GSY2), glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-P) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) in Zucker diabetic fatty rats (ZDF, fa/fa) and ZDF (fa/+) with spontaneous type 2 diabetes. Method: Totally 16 male ZDF (fa/fa) rats were randomly divided into control group (Con) and treatment group (Prunellae Spica extracts, PS). And 8 male ZDF (fa/+) rats were used as normal group (Nor). Treatment group were orally administered with PS (12.25 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 8 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight were measured every other week. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was tested in the 8th week. After 8 weeks, blood was taken from the abdominal aorta, and livers were collected and stored at-80℃. Fasting serum insulin (FINS) was tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hepatic glycogen amount was tested by Periodic Acid-Schiff stain (PAS stain), GSY2, G-6-P and GLUT2 gene expressions were tested by Real-time PCR. Result: Compared with control group, the content of hepatic glycogen, HOMA-IR index and gene expressions of GSY2 and GLU2 were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the body weight, blood glucose and gene expression of G-6-P were dramatically decreased in PS group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Prunellae Spica extracts can increase the content of hepatic glycogen, and decrease body weight, blood glucose and HOMA-IR index in ZDF rats. Prunellae Spica extracts may play an important role in regulating the gene expressions of GSY2, GLU2 and G-6-P.关键词：extracts of Prunellae Spica extidcts (PS);Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF);type 2 diabetes mellitus;hepatic glycogen;insulin resistance9|384|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of apigenin on fat metabolism disorder in Obese mice. Method: Eight-week-old male db/db mice were randomly divided into two groups, namely control group and apigenin group (50 mg·kg-1·d-1), and 8 mice were used in each group. Another 8 male C57BL/6J mice were used as normal group. Body weight, serum glucose, lipid, histopathology and mRNA and protein expressions after a 4-week treatment were measured. Result: Compared with control group, apigenin group show significant decreases in body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (CHO), total triglyceride (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), liver weight of mice (P<0.05, P<0.01), and increases in fat deposition of adipose tissue according to the histological examination. The expressions of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα), fatty acid synthetase (FAS) mRNA in adipose tissue of apigenin group decreased (P<0.01), and the protein expressions of p-phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinaseα (AMPKα) and p-acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) were significantly increased (P<0.01). Conclusion: The effect of apigenin in improving fatty metabolism of db/db mice may be realized by up-regulating the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC and down-regulating the expressions of SREBP1c, FAS mRNA in adipose tissue.关键词：apigenin;fatty metabolism;phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinaseα (AMPKα)/acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC);sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c);fatty acid synthetase (FAS);peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα)9|422|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study and determined the active fraction of Uygur medicine Ferula ferulaeoides and its sensitive gastric cancer cell line in vitro, and explore the effect of F. ferulaeoides in inducing the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of gastric cancer cells, in order to provide experimental basis for further studies. Method: The 3- (4, 5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-yl)-3, 5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) method was used to detect the inhibition effects of different extracts (with volatile oil, 95% ethanol extract, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water fraction) from F. ferulaeoides on 5 kinds of gastric cancer cell lines (AGS, MKN-45, BGC-823, MGC-803 and SGC-7901), Hoechst33258 fluorescent staining was used to observe the effect of the volatile oil and the chloroform fraction of F. ferulaeoides on the gastric cancer cell lines AGS and SGC-7901, the effects of different extract parts of F. ferulaeoides on the apoptosis of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 were detected by flow cytometry, the effect of volatile oil and chloroform fraction of F. ferulaeoides on cell cycle arrest of gastric cancer cell lines AGS and SGC-7901 were detected by flow cytometry. Result: Volatile oil, 95% ethanol extract and its petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate fraction on 5 kinds of gastric cancer cells had different proliferation inhibition effects (P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. The chloroform fraction had a good sensitivity to the five kinds of gastric cancer cell lines, with the highest sensitivity in gastric cancer cell lines SGS-7901, and the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) was (8.73 ±0.55) mg·L-1, and the volatile oil had a strong inhibitory effect on gastric cancer cell AGS, and IC50 was (7.98 ±2.62) mg·L-1. The n-butanol and water fractions did not show a significant inhibition effect on cell proliferation, the cell nucleus of gastric cancer cell lines AGS and SGC-7901 was stained by Hoechst 33258, and the blue fluorescence was stronger with the increase of drug concentration. The results of flow cytometry showed that different extract parts of F. ferulaeoides induced the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells AGS and SGC-7901 to varying degrees, and the total apoptotic rate was significantly increased with the increase of drug concentration. The results of flow cytometry showed that the AGS cycle of gastric cancer cells significantly changed, the proportion of G0/G1-phase cells increased, while the proportion of S phase cells decreased, the proportion of G2/M phase decreased compared with control group (P<0.05). The cell cycle of SGC-7901 significantly changed too, while the proportion of G0/G1 phase cells was decreased, the proportion of S phase cells increased, and the ratio of G2/M phase (P<0.05), with significant differences compared with the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The volatile oil of F. ferulaeoides had a high inhibitory effect on the growth of gastric cancer cell SGC-7901, the chloroform fraction of F. ferulaeoides had a high inhibitory effect on the growth of five kinds of gastric cancer cells, especially for gastric cancer cell SGC-7901, late apoptosis of gastric cancer cells AGS and SGC-7901 was induced by different extract parts of F. ferulaeoides, while early apoptosis of gastric cancer cells AGS was induced by the ethyl acetate fraction of F. ferulaeoides. The cell cycle of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was arrested in S phase and G2/M phase. The cell cycle of gastric cancer SGC-7901 was arrested in S phase. The results show that the volatile oil and the chloroform fraction of F. ferulaeoides had a good anti-gastric cancer activity, and provide scientific basis for further studies on the anti-gastric cancer mechanism of F. ferulaeoides in vivo.关键词：Ferula ferulaeoides;anti-gastric cancer;activity screening;apoptosis;cell cycle arrest8|228|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of Fengshining on wind-cold-dampness arthralgia syndrome CIA rat model in synovial tissue based on Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB (TLR4/NF-κB) signal pathway. Method: SPF female Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups:the blank control group, the model control group, the positive control group (2.33 mg·kg-1), the low, medium and high-dose Fengshining groups (9.12, 18.24, 36.48 g·kg-1), with nine rats in each group. Except for the blank control group, the rest rats were included into the wind-cold-dampness arthralgia syndrome CIA rat model through the wind-cold-dampness stimulation combing with bovine type Ⅱ collagen. Each group of rats was given the corresponding drug by gavage once a day for four weeks after the successful modeling. Joint swelling degree of the rats was observed. Serum rheumatoid factors (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)were detected. TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor88 (MyD88), IκBα, NF-κB mRNA and protein expressions in synovial tissue were measured. Result: Compared with the blank control group, the wind-cold-dampness arthralgia syndrome CIA model group showed significant increase in joint swelling degree and serum RF, ACPA, IL-1β, TNF-α content, and significant reduction in IL-10 content. The mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, IκB-α, NF-κB in synovial tissue were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, low, medium and high-dose Fengshining groups showed significant decrease in joint swelling degree and serum RF, ACPA, IL-1β, TNF-α content in the wind-cold-dampness arthralgia syndrome CIA rat model, increase in serum IL-10 level, and down-regulation in mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, IκBα, NF-κB (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Fengshining may play a role in the treatment of RA by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway and the production of IL-1β and TNF-α. Its efficacy is correlated with drug dose to some extent.关键词：Fengshining;collagen-induced arthritis;wind-cold-dampness arthralgia syndrome;Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB (TLR4/NF-κB) signal pathway11|256|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Shuyu capsule on premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) type liver-qi depression rats induced by forced swimming test, in order to investigate the mechanism of L-type calcium channel (LTCC) Cav1.2 subtype-mediated Calmodulin (CaM)/CaMK Ⅱ signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of PMDD stagnation of liver-Qi. Method: Totally 48 female Wistar rats with regular estrous cycle were selected by three forced swimming. The mean absolute value of difference value between non-acceptance period and suspension time was calculated. The 12 rats with the lowest mean value was included in the normal group, and the remaining 36 rats were divided into model group, Shuyu capsule group (0.408 g·kg-1·d-1) and fluoxetine administration group (2.7 mg·kg-1·d-1). The drug group was given for continuously two estrous cycles, and the model group and the normal group were given the same amount of pure water. The open field test, immobility duration and immobility frequency were used to evaluate the model and drug intervention effect. The distribution and expressions of L-type calcium Channel α1C (CACNA1C) and CaMK Ⅱ genes in hippocampus of rats were detected by immunofluorescence, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot. Result: CACNA1C protein was mainly distributed in the cell membrane, CaMK Ⅱ protein was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm. Compared with the normal group, the body weight and total distance of open field text of model group were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), immobility duration and immobility frequency of model group were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), hippocampus cells was scattered, CACNA1C and CaMK Ⅱ expressions were increased (P<0.05, P<0.01) in model group. Compared with the model group, the body weight and total distance of open field text of model group were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), immobility duration and immobility frequency of model group were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), hippocampus cells was scattered, the expressions of CACNA1C and CaMK Ⅱ were decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01) in fluoxetine group and Shuyu capsule group. Conclusion: The rat model of PMDD liver-Qi stagnation can be successfully induced by forced swimming. Shuyu capsule may play a therapeutic role through Cav1.2-mediated CaM/CaMK Ⅱ signaling pathway and significantly improve the behavioral changes of rats with PMDD stagnation of liver-qi stagnation.关键词：premenstrual dysphoric disorder liver-qi stagnation syndrome;Shuyu capsule;L-type calcium Channel α1C (CACNA1C);Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ (CaMKⅡ)8|187|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the anti-apoptosis effect of astragaloside Ⅳ on isoproterenol-induced rat primary myocardial cell injury. Method: Enzymatic lysis and differential velocity adherent technique were used to isolate primary myocardial cellsfrom postnatal heart of 1-3-day-old normal SD rats, inoculate them in 24 aperture planks and cultured for 48 h in vitro. Normal group, model group, metoprolol group and low, medium and high-dose astragaloside Ⅳ groups were set up. Isoprenaline (ISO) was given to cause heart failure in vitro, except for normal group. After 30 min, the corresponding concentrations of metoprolol (2.336 μg·L-1) and astragaloside Ⅳ (low dose 3 μmol·L-1, middle dose 10 μmol·L-1, high dose 30 μmol·L-1) were given to the treatment groups. The total protein content was determined with BCA method, the expressions of B cell lymphoma/lewkmia-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and Bcl-2 associated K protein (Bak) in primary cardiomyocytes were detected by Western blot, theapoptosis rate in each group was detected by flow cytometry, and the cell nuclei in each group was observed by Hochest/PI double staining method. Result: Compared with the control group, the vitality of the primary cardiomyocytes in each administration group (10-40 μmol·L-1) was up-regulated (P<0.05). Hochest-PI double staining showed that compared with the model group, metoprolol group, and middle and high-dose astragaloside Ⅳ groupsshowed decreases in apoptoticbright blue cells.Flow cytometry showed that compared with the model group, the apoptosis rate of metoprolol group was down-regulated (P<0.01), and the apoptosis rate of medium-dose astragaloside Ⅳ group was down-regulated (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate of high-dose astragaloside Ⅳ group was down-regulated (P<0.01). The gray value of Bcl-2 results showed that compared with model group, the expression of Bcl-2 in the metoprolol group was increased (P<0.01), the expression of Bcl-2 was increased in astragaloside Ⅳ group (P<0.05), and the expression of Bcl-2 was increased in high-dose astragaloside Ⅳ group (P<0.01). The gray value of Bak showed that compared with model group, the expression of Bak in the metoprolol group was down-regulated (P<0.05), and the expression of Bak in high-dose astragaloside Ⅳ group was down-regulated (P<0.05). The gray value Bax showed that compared with model group, the expression of Bax in the metoprolol group was down-regulated (P<0.01), and the expression of Bax in high-dose astragaloside Ⅳ group was down-regulated (P<0.05). Conclusion: Astragaloside Ⅳ has the anti-apoptosis effect on the injury of isoproterenol-induced rat primary cardiomyocytes.关键词：astragaloside Ⅳ;isoproterenol;metoprolol;primary cardiomyocyte;apoptosis10|263|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To explore the regulatory effect of astragaloside Ⅳ on autophagy and pyroptosis in mice lung tissue with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and its mechanism, in order to provide new ideas for the study of astragalus' effect against lung fibrosis. Method: C57bl/6 mice induced by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (BLM) were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham-operated group, model group, astragaloside Ⅳ group and dexamethasone group. astragaloside Ⅳ and dexamethasone groups were given respectively astragaloside Ⅳ (50 mg·kg-1) and dexamethasone (0.125 mg·kg-1) each day, while physiological saline was given in sham surgery and model groups each day. At the 14th day, lung tissues were collected for the analysis of the effect of astragaloside Ⅳ on morphology, collagen, autophagy and pyroptosis protein expression by hematoxylin-eosin (HE), Masson, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot. Result: Astragaloside Ⅳ significantly inhibited the inflammatory reaction of lung tissues and down-regulated the expression of collagen (P<0.01). The results of IHC and Western blot showed that astragaloside Ⅳ significantly increased the expression of LC3Ⅱ/β-actin (P<0.05), inhibited the accumulation of p62 (P<0.05), and decreased the expression of Caspase-1 (P<0.01), IL-1β (P<0.05) and IL-18 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Astragaloside Ⅳ group shows alleviationof pulmonary fibrosis. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of pyroptosis and theincrease of autophagy. The study shows the therapeutic potential of Astragaloside Ⅳ in inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis.关键词：astragaloside Ⅳ;idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis;autophagy;pyroptosis10|796|17更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of the combined administration of Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extract on the expressions of vascular endothelial, growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor kinase insert domain receptor (KDR), angiopoietin Ⅰ (angiopoietin Ⅰ, AngⅠ) and endothelial nitricoxide synthase (ENOS) in bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and its possible mechanism. Method: The bone marrow-derived EPCs after in vitro culture and identification were treated with Astragali Radix extract, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extract, Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extract separately (10, 10 mg·L-1, 5 mg·L-1 for each). The control group was set up. Reverse transcription PCR and quantitative Real-time PCR were used to detect VEGF, KDR, AngⅠ and eNOS mRNA expressions in EPCs of each treatment group. Western blot was used to detect VEGF, KDR, AngⅠ and eNOS protein expressions in EPCs. The content of VEGF in the supernatant of culture fluid was detected by ELISA. Result: PCR results showed that compared with the control group, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extract group, Astragali Radix extract group and Astragali Radix and combined Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extract group showed significant increases in VEGF, KDR, AngⅠ and eNOS expressions (P<0.05, P<0.01). According to Western blot results, compared with the control group, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extract group and Astragali Radix extract group showed significant increases in VEGF KDR, AngⅠ and eNOS protein expressions (P<0.05, P<0.01), whereas the expressions of Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extract combination group was significantly higher than that of the other three groups (P<0.01), especially VEGF in the culture supernatant of EPCs cells. The results of ELISA showed that the content of VEGF in EPCs of Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extract combination group was significantly higher than that in the other three groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: The combination of Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extract can significantly regulate the angiogenic effect of EPCs, which may be closely related to the up-regulation of VEGF.关键词：Astragali Radix;Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;angiogenesis;endothelial progenitor cell;vascular endothelial growth factor9|224|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To explore the regulatory effect of Gegen Qinlian Tang serum on the glucose metabolism of insulin resistance (IR) HepG2 (IR-HepG2). Method: Normal HepG2 cells were taken as blank control group. IR-HepG2 cells were divided into model group, fenofibrate group, low and high-dose Gegen Qinlian Tang group. With glucose consumption as the pharmacodynamic index, LC-MS was used for the analysis of metabolites of IR-HepG2 cells and IR-HepG2 cells. Mass Profiler Professional (MPP) software was used to analyze the data to obtain biomarkers; after validation, the relationship between glucose consumption and biomarkers was studied. Result: Three biomarkers were found to be dose dependent and could regulate glucose metabolism. Conclusion: Gegen Qinlian Tang-containing serum could regulate the content of tryptophan, pantothenic acid and adenine in IR-HepG2 cell to reduce sugar metabolism.关键词：Gegen Qinlian Tang serum;HepG2 cell;cell metabolomics;biomarker;regulatory relationship9|369|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the inhibitory effects of Biejiajian Wan on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats and its effect on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway modules and target genes, in order to discuss the mechanism of Biejiajian Wan's anti-hepatic fibrosis. Method: CCl4 was used to duplicate the rat model of hepatic fibrosis. Biejiajian Wan solution was administered by gavage. At the end of 8 weeks, blood sampling was collected from aorta abdominalis. Hepatic tissues were taken for detecting indexes. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the changes of livers' pathomorphology; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect four indicators of hepatic fibrosis, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 expressions in rat serum. Immunohistochemistry was applied to measure p65 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expressions. Western blot was used to detect p65, inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) α, inhibitor of NF-κB kinase (IKK) α/β and TGF-β1 expressions. Result: Pathological results showed that the hepatic lobule in the model group was destroyed, with serious proliferation of fibrous tissues. In the treatment group of Biejiajian Wan, both necrocytosis and proliferation of fibrous tissues were obviously reduced, while fibrous septum was thin. Compared with the model group, four indicators of hepatic fibrosis and TIMP-1 contents in the treatment group of Biejiajian Wan were significantly reduced (P<0.05), while MMP-2 and MMP-9 contents were obviously increased (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical results indicated that p65 and TGF-β1 expressions of hepatic tissues in the treatment group of Biejiajian Wan were obviously reduced compared with those of the model group. According to Western blot results, compared with the model group, p65 and TGF-β1 protein expressions of hepatic tissues in the treatment group of Biejiajian Wan were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while IκBα protein expression was obviously increased (P<0.05). IKKα/β had no significantly changes. Conclusion: Biejiajian Wan can significantly alleviate rat hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride and retard the development. Biejiajian Wan can inhibit p65 expressions, so as to block NF-κB signaling pathway, reduce synthesis of downstream target genes TIMP-1 and TGF-β1, up-regulate MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions, and further accelerate degradation of extracellular matrix.关键词：Biejiajian Wan;rat hepatic fibrosis model;nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB);signaling molecule;target gene9|351|10更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of the combined application of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Scutellariae Radix on the susceptibility of early epilepsy of traumatic brain injury in mice, in order to explore the mechanism of epilepsy after brain injury. Method: SPF-grade C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, namely blank control group, model group, low-dose Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Scutellariae Radix treatment group (1 g·kg-1), high-dose group (4 g·kg-1), positive control group (2.6 g·kg-1 sodium valproate). A mouse model of closed brain injury was established by the weight-falling method in all test groups, except for the blank control group. The mice were given the corresponding drugs by gavage for successively 7 days after mice brain injury. Subacute dose of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) was given to the mice after the last administration. The latency and mean seizure intensity of epileptic seizures in mice were measured through the behavioral observation. EEG changes of mice were analyzed by counting the sum of 0-20 Hz discharges. Positive cells of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions were counted by immunohistochemistry. Protein expression of Na+-K+-2Cl- co-transporter (NKCC1) was detected by Western blot. Result: Compared with the control group, the latency of epilepsy seizure was significantly shortened in the model group, abnormal high-frequency discharge in brain was significantly enhanced, and the number of GFAP positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expression level of NKCC1 in neurons was remarkably increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the low and high-dose Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Scutellariae Radix could prolong the latency of epileptic seizures, reduce the abnormal discharge of brain, decrease the number of GFAP positive cells and the expression of NKCC1 protein in the hippocampus (P<0.05), with significant difference between the high-dose group and the model group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combined application of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Scutellariae Radix could reduce the susceptibility of early epilepsy after brain injury, and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of astrocytes.关键词：Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Scutellariae Radix;posttraumatic epilepsy;glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP);Na+-K+-2Cl-co-transporter (NKCC1);astrocytes8|197|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of total flavonoids from Psidium guajava leaves (TFPGL) on pancreatic fibrosis in a mouse model of chronic pancreatitis (CP). Method: Fifty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, CP model group, oxidized ATP (oxATP) group, high-dose TFPGL group and low-dose TFPGL group. CP model were built in the latter four groups by intraperitoneally injecting 50 μg·kg-1 cerulein (dissolved in 200 μL of physiological saline) per hour, 6 times per day, three times per week, for six consecutive weeks.Six weeks later, oxATP (15 μg·kg-1 per day, dissolved in 200 μL of physiological saline) was given to oxATP group through intraperitoneal injection. And 0.186 g·kg-1 per day and 0.372 g·kg-1 per day TFPGL were given by gavage to high-dose TFPGL group and low-dose TFPGL group for two weeks, respectively. Meanwhile, the control group received 0.9% sterile sodium chloride through intraperitoneal injection at the same frequency and volume of the model group.The degree of pancreatic damage was evaluated by HE staining, and the content of pancreatic tissue collagen was detected by Sirius red staining. The expressions of nucleotide binding oligomerization domain like receptor 3 (NLRP3), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1 (Caspase-1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were assessed by immunohistochemical staining. The IL-1β and IL-18 levels in pancreatic tissues were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Result: Compared with the control group, the pancreatic damage aggravated (P<0.01), and the levels of Caspase-1, NLRP3, α-SMA, IL-1β and IL-18 increased (P<0.01). After injection with caerulein. Picric acid-sirius red staining in pancreatic tissues showed that the pericellular accumulations of collagen I (Col I) and collagen Ⅲ (Col Ⅲ) (P<0.001), were increased compared with the control group. Compared with the model group, ameliorated inflammatory injury and fibrosis (P<0.05, P<0.01), were observed in oxATP and TFPGL groups, which was manifested as decrease in degree of picric acid-sirius red staining and levels of Caspase-1, NLRP3, α-SMA, IL-1β and IL-18. Conclusion: TFPGL can alleviate chronic inflammatory reaction and fibrosis in the model mice of chronic pancreatitis, which related to the inhibition of P2X7R-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.关键词：total flavonoids from Psidium guajava leaves;chronic pancreatitis;pancreatic fibrosis;nucleotide binding oligomerization domain like receptor 3 (NLRP3);purinergic 2X7 receptor9 (P2X7R)11|193|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG) and pinoresinol from Eucommiae Cortex on osteoblastic-like cell-line of MC3T3-E1. Method: MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were cultured with 1×10-7 -1×103 μg·L-1 of PDG and pinoresinol for 48, 72 h, respectively.The proliferation of cell was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, the differentiation of osteoblasts was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) kit, the protein expression of osteoprogerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) were examined by Western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result: Compared to the control group, when cultivating 48 h, 1×10-4 -100 μg·L-1 of PDG and 1×10-4-1 μg·L-1 of pinoresinol stimulated the proliferation of cell (P<0.05, P<0.01);at 72 h treatment time point, 1×10-3-100 μg·L-1 of PDG and 0.1 μg·L-1 of pinoresinol stimulated the proliferation of cell (P<0.05, P<0.01).Compared to the control group, at 48 h treatment time point, 1×10-4-1×103 μg·L-1 of PDG and pinoresinol significantly promoted the secretion of ALP in osteoblasts (P<0.01);at 72 h treatment time point, 0.1-1×103 μg·L-1 of PDG and 1×10-4 -1×103 μg·L-1 of pinoresinol significantly promoted the secretion of ALP in osteoblasts (P<0.05, P<0.01).Compared to the control group, at 48 h treatment time point, 1×10-5-10 μg·L-1 of PDG and pinoresinol promoted the secretion of OPG (P<0.05, P<0.01);1×10-5, 1×10-3 μg·L-1 of pinoresinol inhibited the secretion of RANKL (P<0.01) and 1×10-5-0.1 μg·L-1 of pinoresinol raised the OPG/RANKL ratio (P<0.01). Conclusion: PDG and pinoresinol can promote anti-osteoporosis by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, but their mechanisms of action are different.PDG mainly through the promotion of OPG secretion, but pinoresinol can play a role not only by promoting the secretion of OPG but also inhibiting the expression of RANKL.关键词：Eucommiae Cortex;pinoresinol diglucoside;pinoresinol;precursor cells of mouse embryonic osteoblasts;proliferation and differentiation;osteoprogerin;receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand8|291|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of action modified Huanglian Ejiao Tang in treatment the post-stroke insomnia of Yin-deficiency and fire-hyperactivity syndrome. Method: A total of 156 eligible patients were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, with 78 cases in each group. The control group was orally given Eszopiclone and Anmian Bunao oral liquid, and the treatment group was given modified Huanglian Ejiao Tang and Eszopiclone. A course of treatment was 2 months. Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale (PSQI), barthel of daily life activities ability evaluation (Barthel), nerve function defect symptoms rating scale (NDS) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) scale for post-stroke Yin-deficiency and fire-hyperactivity syndromes between two groups were compared before and after treatment. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), dopamine (DA) and lipid peroxidated (LPO) were detected before and after treatment. The effective rate, recurrence rate and adverse reaction rate were compared in two groups. Result: Six cases were lost in control group, and 2 cases were lost in treatment group. The efficiency of the treatment group was 98.7%, which was better than 87.5% of control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the score of PSQI, Barthel, NDS and TCM symptom in the treatment group were improved more obviously (P<0.05). The improvement of serum IL-6, CGRP, DA and LPO in treatment group was superior to that in control group (P<0.05). The recurrence rate and adverse reaction rate in treatment group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Modified Huanglian Ejiao Tang treatment has a significant efficacy in treating post-stroke insomnia with Yin-deficiency and fire-hyperactivity syndrome, and its mechanism of action may be related to the improvement of PSQI, Barthel, NDS, TCM syndromes and the content of serum IL-6, CGRP, DA and LPO.关键词：modified Huanglian Ejiao Tang;post-stroke;insomnia;Yin-deficiency and fire-hyperactivity syndrome8|348|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Yiqi Huoxue Tongmai decoction on inflammatory cytokines and endothelial function in diabetic patients with atherosclerosis occlusion. Method: According to the random number method, 104 cases of atherosclerosis occlusion treated in our hospital from April 2016 to August 2017 were divided into two groups. The control group (52 cases) was treated with conventional methods (including anticoagulation, anti-platelet aggregation, blood pressure lowering, blood glucose lowering, aerobic exercise, hyperbaric respiration, health massage). In addition to the therapy of the control group, the observation group (52 cases) was also treated with Yiqi Huoxue Tongmai decoction. After treatment, the efficacy of two groups was observed, and ankle/brachial index (ABI), hemodynamic index, inflammatory factor and endothelial function of the two groups were observed. Result: Efficacy, after treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 96.15%, while the total effective rate of the control group was 84.62%, with statistically significant differences (χ2=3.983, P<0.05). ABI, after treatment, ABI in observation group was significantly greater than that in control group (P<0.05). Hemodynamics:after treatment, hemodynamics, ηb, ηp, erythrocyte electrophoresis (EEP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and Fib of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Inflammatory cytokines, after treatment, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Endothelial function, after treatment, endothelial lipase (EL), endothlin-1 (ET-1) and monocyte chemo attractant protein-1 (MCP-1) of the observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.01), and nitricoxide (NO) was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Yiqi Huoxue Tongmai decoction has a good effect in treatment of atherosclerosis occlusion, and can improve blood coagulation, stabilize hemodynamics, inhibit inflammatory response, and improve the function of endothelial cells.关键词：Yiqi Huoxue Tongmai decoction;atherosclerosis occlusion;inflammatory cytokine;endothelial function8|171|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To discuss the analgesia effect of modified Shaofu Zhuyutang on pelvic inflammatory disease-chronic pelvic pain (SPID-CPP) with cold damp stagnation syndrome and the effect on levels of thromboxane B2 (TXB2)/6-keto prostacyclin-Flα (6-Keto-PGFlα) and proinflammatory factors. Method: A total of 118 patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table. Patients with infection were given levofloxacin hydrochloride capsules for 14 days, 0.2 g/time, 3 times/days. Patients in control group got Guizhi Fulin pills, 6 g/time, 2 times/days. Patients in observation group got modified Shaofu Zhuyutang, 1 dose/day. The treatment lasted for 3 menstrual cycles. Before and after treatment, degree of subjective pain was scored by visual analogue scale (VAS), objective signs were scored by Mc Cormack, and cold damp stagnation syndrome was also scored. And self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were also scored. And 8 symptoms, such as lower abdominal pain, were recorded. And levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), TXB2 and 6-Keto-PGFlα were detected. Result: Scores of VAS, cold damp stagnation syndrome, Mc Cormack, SAS and SDS in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). The ameliorations of abdominal pain, dysmenorrheal, algopareunia, anal bulge, leukorrhagia, abdominal distention were better than those in control group (P<0.05). And levels of TXB2 and TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α were higher than those in control group (P<0.01). And levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and ICAM-1 were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). The total clinical effect rate in observation group was 94.55%, which was higher than 81.48% in control group (χ2=4.427, P<0.05). Conclusion: Modified Shaofu Zhuyutang can relieve the pain and clinical symptoms, ameliorate depression and anxiety, inhibit expression of proinflammatory factors and regulate TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α, with an obvious clinical effect.关键词：pelvic inflammatory disease;chronic pelvic pain;Shaofu Zhuyutang;cold damp stagnation syndrome;thromboxatnes B2;6-Keto-prostaglandin-F1α;proinflammatory factors8|257|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Jianwei Xiaopi decoction on precancerous lesion of gastric cancer (PLGC) and its effect on levels of gastrin 17, serum pepsinogen, inflammatory factors, and expression of cyclooxygenase in gastric mucosa-2 (COX-2). Method: One hundred and forty patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table. Both groups' patients got the introduction-stage treatment, including acid suppression, mucosal protective agent, accelerator and digestant. After the introduction stage, folic acid tablets were given 15 min before dinner, 10 mg/time, 3 times/days. Patients in control group got Wenweishu capsule, 3 capsules/time, 3 times/day. And Jianwei Xiaopi decoction was given to patients in observation, 2 times/dose, 1 dose/day. A course of treatment was 4 months. Before and after treatment, main symptoms were scored, gastroscopic and pathological changes of gastric mucosa were detected, and levels of gastrin 17 (G17), serum pepsinogen (PGⅠand PGⅡ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and expression of COX-2 were measured. Result: The total effect rate in observation group was 91.04%, which was higher than 76.92% in control group (χ2=4.919, P<0.05). After treatment, score of mucosal lesions detected by gastroscope in observation group was lower than that in control group (P<0.01). Scores of upper abdominal pain, fullness, blocks and chest pressure, belching and poor appetite in observation group were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Scores of mucosal inflammation, glandular reduction or atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in observation group were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). And positive expression of COX-2 in observation group was weaker than that in control group (P<0.01). And G17, PGⅠ and PGⅠ/PGⅡ and IFN-γ in observation group were higher than those in control group (P<0.01). After treatment, IL-1β and TNF-α in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Jianwei Xiaopi decoction can relieve clinical symptoms of PLGC and atrophy degree, interdict or reverse IM and Dys, improve levels of G17, PGⅠand PGⅠ/PGⅡ, inhibit expression of COX-2, and regulate levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ.关键词：precancerous lesion of gastric cancer;Jianwei Xiaopi decoction;gastrin 17;pepsinogen;cyclooxygenase-2;inflammatory factor8|189|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of single administration of Huanglian Jiedu Tang and combined administration withbasic medicine for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Method: All of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the efficacy of single administration and combined administration of Huanglian Jiedu Tang in treating T2D were collected through CNKI, Wanfang Data, two Chinese periodical full text databases (CJDF and VIP), Pubmed, Elseviser science Direct electronic journal, and Cochrane library. The assessment of methodological quality and data extraction of the included studies were performed independently by two reviewers, and the Meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.3 software and stata SE 12.0 software. Result: A total of 12 RCTs involving 1 022 patients were included. According to meta-analysis, subgroup with single administration of Huanglian Jiedu Tang showed the reduction of HbAlc[MD=-0.04, 95%CI (-0.60, -0.68)], FPG[MD=-0.21, 95%CI (-0.81, 0.38)], 2hPG[MD=-0.30, 95%CI (-0.98, 0.37)], and the effective rate of reducing blood sugar[OR=1.22, 95%CI (0.74, 2.03)], which reached 84.8%, were equivalent to the control group without significant difference. The reduction of BMI[MD=-0.18, 95%CI (-0.29, 0.66)] and effective rate of loosing weight[OR=1.04, 95%CI (0.61, 1.78)], which reached 74.8%, were also equivalent to the control group without significant difference; subgroup of combined administration of Huanglian Jiedu Tang showed the reduction of HbAlc[MD=0.53, 95%CI (0.33, 0.73)], 2hPG[MD=1.86, 95%CI (1.59, 2.14)], effective rate of reducing blood sugar[OR=3.89, 95%CI (2.18, 6.93)], which reached 90.8%, were significantly higher than the control group, but the reduction of FPG[MD=1.21, 95%CI (-0.02, 2.43)] was equivalent to the control group without significant difference. The reduction of BMI[MD=0.17, 95%CI (-0.97, 1.31)] and effective rate of loosing weight[OR=2.50, 95%CI (0.74, 8.50)], which reached 83.3%, were also equivalent to the control group without significant difference. Conclusion: The efficacy of single administration of Huanglian Jiedu Tang for T2D is equivalent to Metformin. The combined administration of Huanglian Jiedu Tang with basic medicine for diabetes could reduce Hb1Ac and 2hPG obviously, which suggests that The combined administration of Huanglian Jiedu Tang could be beneficial for early-stage T2D with HbAlc<7.3%. However, due to the insufficiency of the included studies and the low methodology quality, the results of the system evaluation still need to be further verified by more high-quality large RCTs.关键词：Huanglian Jiedu Tang;type 2 diabetes;Meta-analysis9|662|9更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Due to the effect of extensive, diverse targets and low incidence of adverse reactions, white mustard seed coating method has attracted more and more attention of scholars both at home and abroad.In this paper, the current clinical application of white mustard seed coating method (compatibility proportion of basic prescription medications, sticking point, dosing regimen, etc.) and their research trends were reviewed.The problems existing in this area were pointed out, such as administration by experience and clinical application, lack of reasonable basis, the guiding role of theory of traditional Chinese medicine was weakened;the dosage forms are mostly traditional dosage forms, and the new dosage form is not available yet;because thrill of the sticking drugs, patients are difficult to accept or even interrupt treatment;the mechanism of acupoint administration is lack of breakthrough;studies on the pharmacokinetics, biopharmaceutics, dose-response relationship were very few.At the same time, proper measures and suggestions are put forward.We should strictly follow principles of evidence-based medicine and standardize clinical practice;on the basis of paying attention to clinical preparations, we should actively introduce controlled-release, intelligent, targeting and other new dosage forms;study on the influencing factors of skin irritation should be comprehensive, reasonable clinical medication plan should be established;experiment should be carried out by adopting the latest research results of modern skin immunity, acupuncture and moxibustion, then elucidating the scientific connotation of the action of drugs on acupoints.关键词：white mustard seed coating method;asthma;research status;development trends;compatibility;new formulations;dosing regimen10|365|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：To summarize the common methods of establishing the animal models of sleep deprivation, investigate their application in the studies of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with improving sleep function, and make a theoretical basis for establishment of a novel and more reliable sleep deprivation model from the aspect of TCM.Relevant papers on the establishment and application of sleep deprivation models in the past 15 years were consulted. Then the principles, advantages and disadvantages of the animal models of sleep deprivation were summarizedto provide improving methods. Based on their application in the study of TCM with improving sleep function, the models were compared between various TCM syndromes.The results showed that the main models of sleep deprivation in rodents (rats or mice) included horizontal stand deprivation model, stress deprivation model, forced motion deprivation model, chemical stimulation deprivation modelandgentle stimulation deprivation model, etc. The drosophila models of sleep deprivation mainly included mechanical deprivation model, repeated light stimulation model at night and gene modification method, etc.The animal models of sleep deprivation in TCM mainly included Yin deficiency insomnia model, liver depression insomnia model and heart-kidney incoordination insomnia model etc.The models have their respective advantages and disadvantages, so in the studies of TCM with improving sleep function, the model should be chosen flexibly according to specific conditions. It also needed to be improved in the combination with TCM syndrome patterns. The existing models of sleep deprivation were mostly lacking of accuracy and stability, affecting the reliability of the experiment results. Sleep deprivation model was focusing onthe combination of basic model and TCM syndromes of insomnia. The sleep deprivation models were not widely used in research of TCM, so establishing a sleep deprivation model conforming to the thought of TCM should be the key point in the study of improving sleep by TCM.关键词：sleep;sleep deprivation;traditional Chinese medicine;animal models8|1046|9更新时间：2024-01-04
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