最新刊期
卷 24 ， 期 14 ， 2018
- 摘要：Objective: The dynamic changes of composition and efficacy were analyzed during the process of preparation of Scutellariae Radix extract(SRE), and the research ideas to determine the reasonable extraction process were explored. Method: Four products were prepared according to the preparation procedure of SRE collected in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, which were water extract(sample 1), first acid precipitation product(sample 2), alcohol precipitation product(sample 3) and second acid precipitation product(sample 4).The content of each component in the above four samples and their antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects were determined, respectively.The correlation between composition and efficacy were analyzed by grey correlation analysis and bivariate correlation analysis. Result: Acid precipitation could significantly increase the content of five flavonoids in SRE, but alcohol precipitation was not obvious to improve the content of five flavonoids.Sample 1 had the strongest antipyretic effect on the fever induced by dry yeast in rats, the inhibitory effect of sample 2 on dimethylbenzene-induced mouse ear swelling and carrageenan-induced foot swelling was the most obvious.The antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of sample 3 and 4 obtained by further purification were weakened, which meant further purification caused loss of efficacy.The gray correlation coefficients between baicalin and temperature increase, ear swelling rate and foot swelling rate were 0.78, 0.81 and 0.70, the bivariate correlation coefficients were 0.957, 0.848 and 0.819, respectively;which were all maximum among the five components, indicated that baicalin had the greatest impact on efficacy.In addition to baicalin, the bivariate correlation coefficients between other four components and temperature increase, ear swelling rate and foot swelling rate were negative(except for baicalein in antipyretic effect), which indicated that the overall antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity for SRE can be enhanced by increasing the content of these four components. Conclusion: In summary, although baicalin has the greatest impact on the efficacy of SRE, but not the higher the better;on the contrary, the overall antipyretic anti-inflammatory effect of SRE can be enhanced due to the addition of other four components.The antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect of SRE is a contribution of a variety of ingredients.During the preparation of SRE, we should take into account the impact of a variety of ingredients on the efficacy, in order to void loss of efficacy due to over-purification.关键词：Scutellariae Radix;extract;flavonoids;efficacy;grey correlation analysis;bivariate correlation analysis6|6|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study on the changes of chemical composition before and after processing of Farfarae Flos by HPLC fingerprint, similarity evaluation, cluster analysis(CA) and principal component analysis(PCA). Method: HPLC-DAD was employed to establish the fingerprints of different processed products of Farfarae Flos from 10 areas.The similarity evaluation, CA and PCA were used to analyze the quality and the changes in composition of different processed products of Farfarae Flos. Result: The common mode of HPLC characteristic chromatographic profile of different processed products was established, the similarities of raw products, honey-fried products and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-fried products were 0.867-0.991, 0.785-0.979, 0.785-0.980, respectively.Different processed products were divided into four categories by CA, and the results were similar with the similarity evaluation, indicating that the different processed products from different areas had a certain similarity and stability.PCA result screened 2 principle components with accumulative contribution rate of 74.230%, and obtained the related components group, at the same time, the comprehensive score of these processed products from different areas showed that the components group was stable in different processed products of Farfarae Flos. Conclusion: HPLC fingerprint combined with similarity evaluation, CA, PCA can systematically evaluate the quality of processed products of Farfarae Flos, which can provide reference for evaluation of processed products of other Chinese medicines.关键词：Farfarae Flos;processed products;similarity evaluation;cluster analysis;principal component analysis;Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma8|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate intestinal absorption properties of active ingredients in total flavonoids extract of Hosta plantaginea dried flowers and its composite particles. Method: Everted gut sac model was employed.The duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon of rats were selected as intestinal segment for research.The apparent permeability coefficient(Papp) was used to evaluate the intestinal absorption characteristics of active ingredients from total flavonoids extract of H. plantaginea dried flowers and its composite particles in different intestinal segments and different concentrations. Result: Under different drug concentrations, kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside were absorbed in all intestinal segments;at the same concentration, their absorption in the jejunum were the best. Conclusion: The composite particles of total flavonoids extract of H. plantaginea dried flowers changes the intestinal absorption characteristics of kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, and it can notably enhance their absorption in the colon.The composite particles can significantly increase the absorption of total flavonoids extract of H. plantaginea dried flowers in the colon.关键词：Hosta plantaginea;total flavonoids extract;composite particles;everted gut sac model;kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside;kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside6|8|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: Research on a new adulterant of Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma was made by the ideas and methods of pharmacognosy and molecular pharmacology, in order to provide the basis for safe use of this herb. Method: The characters, microscopy and other pharmacognostic studies were performed on Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma and its adulterant, the characteristics of pharmacognostic identification of Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma and its adulterant were described.DNA in samples was extracted, internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequences were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and analyzed by ContigExpress.The ITS sequences was calculated the similarity according to the ITS sequences of National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI) database. Result: Pharmacognostic identification characteristics of Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma and its adulterant were skin color and the existence of the stem nodes, etc;the difference in their microscopic characteristics of transverse section was the existence of the pith.The molecular pharmacognostic studies showed the adulterant of Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma was Ardisiae japonicae sourced from Myrsinaceae. Conclusion: This adulterant of Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma is the stem and rhizome of A. japonicae. A. japonicae differs from Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma in terms of composition and function, so we should strictly distinguish them in clinical application.关键词：Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma;adulterant;pharmacognosy;molecular pharmacognosy;Ardisiae japonicae;polymerase chain reaction6|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To isolate and identify Bletillae Rhizoma fungi and study on the exopolysaccharides activity of endophytic fungi, in order to alleviate the pressure of Bletillae Rhizoma medicinal resources. Method: Bletillae Rhizoma endophytic fungi were isolated and identified, and then exopolysaccharides were obtained through liquid fermentation. The antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharide in Bletillae Rhizoma roots endophytic fungi was studied by establishing 4 kinds of in vitro models, including iron potassium cyanide, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), salicylic acid and 2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) methods. Result: The 10 endophytic fungi were isolated from Bletillae Rhizoma fresh roots, and 6 strains were obtained after identification and combination. The exopolysaccharides of No.10 strain (0.1 g L-1) had the strongest total reducing power, with VC equivalent up to 12.01 mg·L-1, followed by No. 6 strain. No. 1 and No. 6 strains had the strongest DPPH free radical scavenging activities (16.6%). Strain 6 had the strongest hydroxyl radical scavenging activities (21.6%) and No.10 strain had the weakest activity (11.0%) on scavenging hydroxyl radical. In the detection of ABTS free radical scavenging activity, it was found that No. 10 strain had the strongest activity (13.6%), followed by No. 6 strain, and the weakest was only 1.8% for No. 5 strain. Conclusion: The exopolysaccharides of Bletillae Rhizoma endophytic fungi has certain antioxidant activity, and the exopolysaccharides of No. 6 strain has better total reducing power, higher scavenging activities of DPPH free radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and ABTS free radicals, so it can be further developed and utilized.关键词：Bletillae Rhizoma;exopolysaccharides;antioxidant;endophytic fungi;isolation and identification6|7|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To clone the downstream key enzyme IrCYP71 gene in diterpenoids biosynthesis of Isodon rubescens for sequence analysis, carry out prokaryotic expression analysis and subcellular localization for the protein encoded by this gene, and optimize the conditions for protein expression in host cells. Method:The full-length cDNA sequence was cloned according to the IrCYP71 gene fragment obtained from transcriptome sequencing; the recombinant plasmid of pET28a (+) -IrCYP71 was constructed and transformed into Rosetta receptive cells, small amount and large amount expressed proteins before identification. The inclusion body proteins were purified and renaturated, and then the renaturated proteins were purified, identified and analyzed. refolding of inclusion body protein, and analyzed the purification and identification of complex protein.The vector PCR8/GW/TOPO-IrCYP71 was constructed by gateway cloning technology, recombined with transformed Pearleygate104 vector, and then introduced into tobacco epidermal cells by agrobacterium-mediated(GV3101) transformation for protein subcellular localization. Result: The full-length cDNA of cloned IrCYP71 gene was 1 593 bp, encoding 530 amino acids, whichwas registered in GeBank(Accession No.MG800628).The recombinant protein expressed via Escherichia coli showed relatively correct molecular weight, about 62 kDa.The total amount of purified recombinant protein was 1 mg and the protein purity was 85%. Green fluorescence was tested and targeted to nucleus under a laser scanning confocal microscope. Conclusion:The preliminary validation of IrCYP71 gene in I.rubescens revealed the prokaryotic expression and subcellular localization of the expressed proteins, laying foundation for further elucidating the function of the gene inditerpenoidsbiosynthesis.关键词：Isodon rubescens;leaves;biosynthetic pathway;subcellular localization;prokaryotic expression;functional gene characterization6|5|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To further summarize the species of Pulsatilla Adans in Liaoning province, in order to provide basis for rational development and protection of resources of the species. Method: The classification and identification of Pulsatilla Adans in Liaoning province were studied in three aspects:plant morphology, pollen grains and DNA barcode molecular identification based on internal transcribed space(ITS2) sequence. Result: In the fourth census of resources of traditional Chinese medicine, we investigated the characteristics of the plants of the genus Pulsatilla Adans morphological, the microstructure of the pollen grain, ITS2 sequences of DNA-based molecular identification of bar code, etc., confirmed a new species of Pulsatilla Adans-P. saxatilis. Two new records of P. dahurica and P. chinensis in Liaoning province were confirmed. The existence of P. chinensis var. kissii was confirmed in Dalian and Anshan. Conclusion: Liaoning is one of the main producing areas of Pulsatillae Radix. Because Pulsatillae Radix is mostly wild, the price has been rising ever year. Besides, due to land reclamation and other reasons, Pulsatilla Adans resources in Liaoning province have been sharply declined year by year, which caused the lack of Pulsatilla Adans plant resources more seriously. Therefore, it's urgent to speed up the cultivation of technological research and protection of wild resources, so as to ensure the sustainable use of Pulsatillae Radix resources.关键词：Liaoning province;Pulsatilla Adans;internal transcribed spacer 2;identification and classification;resource conservation6|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the tubers of Bletilla striata. Method: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica, Sephadex LH-20, and preparation of TLC. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic methods. Result: Twelve compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extracts of B. striata, including physcion(1), erythroglaucin(2), 8-C-p-hydoxybenzylkaempferol(3), N-benzoyl-L-phenylalaninyl-N-benzoyl-L-phenylalaninate(4), pinoresinol(5), (E)-4''''-hydroxyphenethyl 3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl) acrylate (6), dihydo-p-methoxy cinnamic acid(7), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(8), p-hydroxybenzoic acid(9), vanillic acid(10), dibutyl phthalate(11), and ethyl palmitate(12). The types of these compounds included anthraquinones(1 and 2), flavonoid (3), amino acid derivative (4), lignan(5), phenyl propanoids(6 and 7), other aromatic compounds (8-11) and aliphatic compound(12). Conclusion: Compounds 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 11 and 12 were reported from B. striata for the first time.关键词：Bletilla striata;chemical constituents;isolation and identification7|7|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To separate and identify chemical constituents from Cynodon dactylon which lay a foundation for further research on the effective material of the plant. Method: The dried grass of C.dactylon(20 kg) was extraced with 95% EtOH as the crude extract, and then suspended in water followed by extraction with petroleum ether, EtOAc and nBuOH to acquired four soluble extract successively. The compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extract(150 g) by successive chromatographic procedures(silica gel, RP-18, MCI, Sephadex LH-20, and Semi-preparative HPLC).Their structures were identified by physical and chemical properties and spectral data(1D NMR, 2D NMR, UV, MS, CD, ORD). Result: Eight compounds were separated from C.dactylon and their structures were examined by spectral data and identified as 7-oxoarctigenin(1), together with seven known compounds acetovanillone(2), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(3), (4-Hydroxy-3, 5-diethoxyphenyl)(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)methanone(4), 2-hydroxybenzoicacid(5), syringaresinol(6), (5S, 6S)-5, 6-dihydro-3, 8, 10-trihydroxy-5-(4-hy-droxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-hydrox-ymethyl-2, 4-dimethothoxy-7H-benzo[c]xanthen-7-one)(7), and lunteolin(8). Conclusion: Compound 1-8 were isolated from C. dactylon for the first time.关键词：Cynodon dactylon;chemical constituents;lignans6|5|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To establish an analysis method for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint of Aesculi Semen, detect the chemical constituents in Aesculi Semen from different origins and conduct cluster analysis, providing basis for its identification and quality control. Method: The conditions of separation and detection were achieved on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile -0.2% phosphoric acid solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1; the detection wavelength was 220 nm; the column temperature was 30℃, and the injection volume was 10 μL. The similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine (2004A) was adopted for fingerprint analysis and similarity evaluation of the 36 batches of Aesculi Semen samples, and the identification method was discussed in combination with the characteristics of medicinal materials. SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used for cluster analysis. Result: A preferable method for fingerprint determination of Aesculus was established, with a similarity of 0.657-0.994.The medicinal materials were divided into four categories, including A. wilsonii, A. chinensis, A. chinensis var. chekiangensis and its adulterants A. wangii var. wangii. By comparing with control products, two chemical components were identified as escin A and escin B. 36 batches of these samples were also divided into 4 categories in cluster analysis, consistent with the similarity classification results. Conclusion: This study can be used for the determination of Aesculi Semen fingerprint and provides a theoretical basis for its further quality study.关键词：Aesculi Semen;HPLC fingerprint;cluster analysis;Aesculus wilsonii;Aesculus chinensis;Aesculus chinensis var. chekiangensis;Aesculus wangii var. wangii7|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To provide a reference for the quality control of the different species and specifications of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum based on multivariate statistical analysis. Method: The contents of 17 amino acids, nucleoside, phospholipids, cholesterol and polyamine were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Ultraviolet spectrophotometry(UV) was employed for the determination of the contents of water soluble protein and total phospholipid. Variance analysis and cluster analysis were applied to study the characteristics of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum based on the data of analysis of the content of nutrient content by SPSS 19.0. Result: There was not significantly difference in the content of total amino acid, total phospholipids, phospholipids and polyamines among different specifications and varieties of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum(P<0.05). The content of essential amino acids in Sancha of Cervus elaphus was significantly lower than that of the other specifications of C. elaphus and all C. nippon(P<0.05). The content of nucleoside in Ergangcezhiercha of C. nippon was higher than that of Ergang zhuzhi toucha and Sancha toucha(P<0.05). The content of water-soluble protein in Sicha of C. elaphus was significantly different from that of other specifications of C. elaphus, Ergang zhucezhi toucha and Sancha of C. elaphuss(P<0.05). The variance analysis showed that the content of cholesterol in Danmen and Sicha of C. elaphus Linnaeus was significantly different from that of Ergangcezhiercha and Sancha of C. nippon(P<0.05). The clustering analysis could not classifiy C. elaphus and C. nippon into two main categories, because of the phenomenon of cross-clustering. Different evaluation indexes resulted in different results of cluster classification. Conclusion: The application of variance analysis technique and cluster analysis in evaluating the quality of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum and its reliability is reliable, and provides important basis for the development and application of velvet antler.关键词：Cervus elaphus;Cervus nippon;variance analysis;cluster analysis8|7|14更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To establish an analysis method for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint of Opisthoplatia orientalis, quantitatively determine six amino acids in O. orientalis, and provide reference for the quality standards of Opisthoplatia orientalis. Method: Pre-column derivitization method with phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC)-HPLC was used on column Waters XBridge C18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), with 0.1 mol·L-1natrium aceticum buffer solution (pH 6.5)-acetonitrie (95:5)(A) and acetonitrie-water (4:1) (B)as mobile phases for gradient elution;the detective wave length was set at 254 nm;the flow rate was 0.8 mL·min-1 and the column temperature was maintained at 40℃. The similarity was analyzed with "Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM 2004A" and the cluster analysis was performed by SPSS 22.0 software. Result: The fingerprint of O. orientalis was established and 21 common peaks were found in the fingerprint, 13 of which were identified as amino acid compositions. By considering the similarity analysis, cluster analysis and quantitative analysis of 14 batches of O. orientalis samples, it was found that the similarity analysis and cluster analysis were basically consistent in results, and it was found that the content of arginine may be related to the origin. Conclusion: The established method for HPLC fingerprint of O. orientalis, can comprehensively reflect the amino acid composition of the herbs, providing reference for the identification of medicinal materials and formulation of quality standards for O. orientalis.关键词：Opisthoplatia orientalis;amino acids;fingerprint;quantitative determination;pre-column derivitization;HPLC8|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To determine whether Gansu Hedysari Radix contains astragaloside Ⅳ;to determinate the content of the total flavonoids and the total saponins in Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix, and compare the total flavonoids and total saponins content of one year old and two years old Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix in different areas of Gansu province. Method: The content of astragaloside Ⅳ was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) with astragaloside Ⅳ as the reference substance. The content of total flavonoids was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry at 260 nm detection wavelength with myroneisoflavones glucoside as the reference substance. The content of total saponins was determined by vanillin-perchloric acid colorimetric method at 540 nm wavelength with astragaloside Ⅳ as the reference substance. Result: The content of astragaloside Ⅳ in Gansu Hedysari Radix was 0.055 5 μg·g-1, and the content of astragaloside Ⅳ in Astragali Radix was 37.9 μg·g-1. The content of total flavonoids in two years old Hedysari Radix was as follows:0.449% in Longxi and other places, 0.370% in Dangchang, 0.394% in Wudu, and 0.402% in the whole province;the content of total flavonoids in two years old Astragali Radix was as follows:0.374% in Longxi and other places, 0.542% in Dangchang, 0.424% in Wudu, and 0.452% in the whole province;the content of total saponins in two years old Hedysari Radix was as follows:3.68% in Longxi and other places, 3.89% in Dangchang, 4.24% in Wudu, and 3.95% in the whole province;the content of total saponins in two years old Astragali Radix was as follows:4.63% in Longxi and other places, 5.11% in Dangchang, 4.80% in Wudu, and 4.86% in the whole province. Conclusion: Gansu Hedysari Radix contained astragaloside A, but was only 1/682 of that in Astragali Radix. The contents of total flavonoids and total saponins in one year old and two years old Hedysari Radix were lower than those in Astragali Radix. The contents of total flavonoids and total saponins in two years old Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix were higher than those of one year old. The contents of total flavonoids and total saponins of one and two years old Hedysari Radix in Wudu were higher than those in Dangchang, while the contents of total flavonoids and total saponins of one year old and two years old Astragali Radix in Wudu were lower than those in Dangchang. The quality of two years old Hedysari Radix was optimal in Wudu, and the quality of two years old Astragali Radix was optimal in Dangchang. There were significant differences in contents of astragaloside Ⅳ, total flavonoids and total saponins content between the two, so they can not be replaced by each other.关键词：Hedysari Radix;Astragali Radix;total flavonoids;total saponins;ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry;content comparison7|8|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of total flavonoids extract of Adiantum capillus-veneris (TXJF) on serum metabolites of asthmatic rats. Method: Based on the establishment of asthmatic rat model, asthma model rats were given TXJF by intragastric administration, then to observe the percentage of leukocyte in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and pathological changes of lung tissue;levels of immunoglobulin E(IgE), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5 in serum of rats were detected.1H-NMR was employed to establish fingerprints of serum metabolites in rats, partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were adopted to analyze the differences in serum metabolites. Result: Compared with asthma model group, total number of leukocytes and inflammatory cells in BALF of TXJF administration group were decreased and the pathological changes of lung tissue were significantly alleviated.The levels of IgE, IL-4 and IL-5 in serum from TXJF high and middle dose groups were significantly lower than those in the asthma model group.The results of PLS-DA showed that the contour differentiation between the asthma model group and the normal group, the TXJF administration group was distinctly separated.Compared with the normal group, the levels of leucine, glycoprotein, glycine, alanine and other metabolites in serum of the asthma model group were decreased;the contents of lactic acid, very low density lipoprotein(VLDL) and acetone were increased(P<0.05).In the TXJF high dose group, the contents of leucine, alanine, glycoprotein, glycine and other compounds were all higher than those of the asthma model group;the contents of acetone, lactic acid, unsaturated lipids, VLDL and other compounds were decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion: TXJF can improve the pathological changes of lung tissue in asthmatic rats, decrease concentrations of IgE, IL-4 and IL-5 in serum and affect the effect of serum metabolites;its mechanism may be related to amino acids metabolism, energy metabolism, fat metabolism and glucose metabolism in asthmatic rat model.关键词：Adiantum capillus-veneris;total flavonoids extract;asthmatic rat model;serum metabolites;amino acids;bronchoalveolar lavage fluid;very low density lipoprotein6|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To establish a co-infections cell model of Guizhitang syndrome base on the principle of the correspondence between prescription and syndrome, in order to accumulate more data on animal model of Guizhitang syndrome. Method: The effect of Guizhitang drug serum on the expression of Toll-like receptors(TLRs) and downstream signaling components in NR8383 was studied. NR8383 cells was stimulated with 25, 50, 100 mg·L-1 of Poly (I:C) and 1, 5, 10 mg·L-1 lipopolysaccharides(LPS), respectively. The supernatant of the former was collected after 3, 6, 12, 24 h, and that of the later was collected after 6, 12, 24, 48 h, so as to measure the inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α or interleukin(IL)-1β. After suitable dose and treatment time were selected, five ratios of Poly(I:C)-LPS were used to provoke NR8383 cells with or without Guizhitang containing serum. The expressions of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 and TLR6 mRNA in NR8383 cells, TNF-α and IL-1β in culture supernatant were compared. The experimental results were evaluated based on the above six indexes, and the most obvious stimulation effect and intervention effect of Poly (I:C)-LPS ratio were selected. Result: The selected stimulation time was 6 h, when Poly (I:C) was below 50 mg·L-1, and LPS at 1 mg·L-1, which was the appropriate stimulus concentration. Among 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1 50:1 ratios of Poly(I:C)-LPS, the simulation of 50:1 group was more remarkable than other groups(P<0.01). Furthermore, the intervention of Guizhitang in 10:1 group was more significant than other groups(P<0.01). Conclusion: The results suggest that NR8383 cells stimulated with Poly(I:C)-LPS (10:1) can be used as a syndrome cell model of Guizhitang for further study of Guizhitang and similar prescriptions.关键词：polyinosinic polycytidylic acid[Poly(I:C)];endotoxin;Guizhitang;Toll-like receptors(TLRs);interleukin(IL)-1β;tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α6|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of Banxia Xiexin Tang medicated serum on the Helicobacter pylori (HP)-infected GES-1 cells through transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway to reveal the potential effect and mechanism of this prescription in treatment of heal peptic ulcer. Method: The GES-1 cells were divided into 7 groups, including blank control group, HP-infected model group, healthy human serum group, Rabeprazole serum group, pre-medicated serum group, 10% and 20% Banxia Xiexin Tang serum groups. Expect those in blank control group, HP was vaccinated in all the other groups to establish helicobacter pylori model, and then Rabeprazole serum, Banxia Xiexin Tang medicated serum and premedication serum and healthy human serum were adopted for intervention. After 24 hours, cells and their supernatant were collected, and methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay was used to test the cell proliferation; the protein expression levels of Smad2/3, Smad7, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and phosphorylated Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3), phosphorylated Smad7 (p-Smad7) were detected by using Western blot. Result: As compared with the blank control group, HP significantly inhibited proliferation of GES-1 cells, decreased protein expression levels of Smad2/3, TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 in GES-1 cells, and increased protein expression levels of Smad7 and p-Smad7 (P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared with HP-infected model group, Rabeprazole serum group and 10%, 20% Banxia Xiexin Tang serum groups obviously decreased the inhibition on proliferation of GES-1 cells, increased protein expression levels of Smad2/3, TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 in GES-1 cells, and significantly decreased Smad7 and p-Smad7 protein expression levels (P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared with pre-medicated serum group, the inhibition on proliferation of GES-1 cells was decreased in Rabeprazole serum group and Banxia Xiexin Tang serum groups; the protein expression levels of Smad2/3, TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 in GES-1 cells were increased and the protein expression levels of Smad7 and p-Smad7 were decreased in Rabeprazole serum group and 20% Banxia Xiexin Tang medicated serum group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Banxia Xiexin Tang alleviated HP-induced GES-1 cells injury, promoted GES-1 cells proliferation, and improved the curing quality of ulcers in the treatment of HP-associated peptic ulcer. The mechanism may be related to regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.关键词：Banxia Xiexin Tang;helicobacter pylori;human gastric epithelial GES-1 cells;transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway6|5|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the anti-tumor effect of quercetin self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (Q-SNEDDS) on mice sarcomarosarcoma cell S180 and explore its molecular mechanism. Method: Q-SNEDDS and Blank-SNEDDS were prepared, and then their particle size and Zeta potential were measured respectively. The in vivo experiment was divided into 6 groups:blank group, cyclophosphamide(CTX) group (20 mg·kg-1), high dose Q-SNEDDS group (50 mg·kg-1), middle dose Q-SNEDDS group (25 mg·kg-1), low dose Q-SNEDDS group (12.5 mg·kg-1) and quercetin control group (50 mg·kg-1). S180 bearing mice models were established by using tumor cell transplantation method. After 10 days of drug administration, the inhibition rate and indexes of organ (liver, spleen and thymus) were measured in all groups. B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), and protein kinase B (Akt) mRNA expression levels of S180 were measured by Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). The protein expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Akt and p-Akt were measured by Western blot method. Result: Q-SNEDDS, CTX and quercetin groups could inhibit the growth of tumor cells as compared with blank group, and the inhibition rate in Q-SNEDDS groups was higher than that in Quercetin group (P<0.05). The organ indexes of CTX group were lower than those in blank group (P<0.05) and the indexes of Q-SNEDDS group were higher than those in CTX group (P<0.05). As compared with blank group, Q-SNEDDS up-regulated Bax mRNA and protein expression (P<0.05). Q-SNEDDS down-regulated Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression (P<0.05), down-regulated Akt mRNA and p-Akt protein, but Akt protein expression didn't change obviously. Conclusion: Q-SNEDDS played the anti-tumor role in vivo, and the effect was superior to quercetin. Its mechanism may be associated with inhibiting Akt signaling pathway.关键词：quercetin self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (Q-SNEDDS);S180 cell;protein kinase B(Akt) signaling pathway;mechanism6|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma polysaccharide on inflammation factors caused by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced macrophage in mice. Method: RAW264.7 cells were cultured in 6-well plates with the concentration of 2×104 cells/mL. The cells was divided into blank group, model group, LPS plus dexamethasone group, LPS plus Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma polysaccharide groups (31.25, 62.6, 125, 250, 500 mg·L-1).RAW264.7 cells were polarized to inflammatory macrophage by treating with 1 mg·L-1 LPS for 24 h.The content of nitricoxide (NO) was assayed by Griess reagent. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the content of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in cell supernatant.The expressions of iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α mRNA were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (Real-time PCR). And the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase nuclear transcription factor(NF)-κB p65 protein was determined by Western blot. Result: Compared with blank group, the expressions of NO, IL-6, TNF-α of model group were significantly higher (P<0.01).It meant that the inflammation model was successfully established.Compared with model group, 31.25-500 mg·L-1 of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma polysaccharide in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells greatly inhibited the release of inflammatory mediators, such as NO, TNF-α and IL-6 levels(P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, 31.25-500 mg·L-1 of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma polysaccharide reduced the concentrations of iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α mRNA (P<0.05, P<0.01). And the expression of p65 protein was decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma polysaccharide can significantly inhibit the over expression of macrophage inflammatory factors NO, TNF-α and IL-6.Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the expressions of related inflammatory factors mRNA and the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway.关键词：Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma polysaccharide;lipopolysaccharide;macrophage in mice;inflammatory factor;postoperative fatigue syndrome10|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of compound phyllanthus urinsria Ⅱ (CPU Ⅱ) on the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 cells and the transcription of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling pathway, and explore the mechanism of action of CPU Ⅱ in inhibiting liver cancer. Method: Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into Huh7 cells to construct hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 cells that inhibited insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (anti-IGF-1R Huh7). IGF-1R Huh7 cells with stable expression, namely Huh7 cells of hepatocellular carcinoma and Huh7 cells of hepatocellular carcinoma that inhibited insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, were divided into four groups:control group, high and low-dose CPU Ⅱ groups (3.0, 1.5 g·L-1) and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) (0.03 g·L-1). The effect of drugs on the proliferation of each group were determined by methylthiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of IGF-1R and its downstream genes. Result: The mRNA expression of Huh7 IGF-1R and the lowest expression level of Huh7 were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blot. The cells were selected for experiment. The results of MTT showed that CPU Ⅱ could inhibit the proliferation of Huh7 cells and Huh7 cells that inhibit IGF-1R; after siRNA inhibited IGF-1R gene expression, CPU Ⅱ could continue the proliferation of Huh 7 cells; and the mRNA expressions of IGF-1R, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)and Serine-threonine protein kinase 3(Akt)further decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: CPU Ⅱ can inhibit the proliferation of Huh7 cells. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of IGF-1R and its downstream mRNA transcription.关键词：hepatocellular carcinoma;compound phyllanthus urinsria Ⅱ(CPU Ⅱ);proliferation;insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor pathway transcription6|6|5更新时间：2024-01-04
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Protective Effect and Mechanism of Flavonoids Against Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Rats
摘要：Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of Ziziphora clinopodioides flavonids (ZCF) on oxygen free radicals, nitric oxide(NO) and cell apoptosis of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) in rats. Method: Totally 60 rats were randomly divided into sham group, MIRI model group, compound Danshen dripping pills group (130 mg·kg-1), low, medium and high-dose ZCF groups (75, 150, 300 mg·kg-1). The model of MIRI was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for 30 min, which was followed by a 3 h reperfusion. The levels of creatine kinase isozyme (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in serum were measured. The degree of myocardial infarction was evaluated by triphenyltetrazolium chlorid (TTC) staining, the pathological changes of myocardium in rats were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and the cell apoptosis was detected by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL). Quantitative Real-time PCR was utilized to measure Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA expressions. Result: Compared with the shame group, the content of CK-MB, LDH, MDA showed significant increases, while the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, NO and NOS showed significant decreases in the model group. It also showed severe myocardial infarction and obvious cell apoptosis. The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA was significantly down-regulated, and the expression of Bax mRNA was significantly up-regulated (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, ZCF significantly decreased the content of CK-MB, LDH, MDA, and increased the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, NO and NOS. At the same time, the area of myocardial infarction was reduced, the pathological changes of ischemic myocardium were alleviated, and the cell apoptosis of myocardium was inhibited. The expression of Bcl-2 was significantly up-regulated, whereas the Bax mRNA expression was significantly down-regulated. The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: ZCF can reduce the damage of ischemic myocardium in rats and play a role in protecting the myocardium. This may be related to the reduction of oxygen free radicals, the promotion of NO synthesis, the up-regulation of Bcl-2 and the down-regulation of Bax mRNA expression and the inhibition of the occurrence of myocardial cell apoptosis.关键词：Ziziphora clinopodioides flavonids;myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI);oxygen free radicals;nitric oxide(NO);cell apoptosis6|6|9更新时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of modified Erchentang on extracellular matrix remodeling in the bronchiole of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Method: Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, and modified Erchentang groups (5, 10, 20 g·kg-1), with 10 in each group. The COPD model of rats was prepared with cigarette smoke and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After successful modeling, each observation group was given drugs by gavage (ig) and tested for lung function. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) mRNA were detected by quantitative Real time PCR (Real-time PCR) assay. The expressions of MMP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-1, Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅲ collagen protein were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques. Result: The expressions of MMP-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P<0.01), the expressions of MMP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-1, Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅲ collagen in bronchiole tissue were higher significantly (P<0.05) in model group than those in normal group. Compared with model group, the expressions of MMP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-1 mRNA were decreased significantly (P<0.01), while the protein expressions of MMP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-1, Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅲ collagen were decreased significantly (P<0.05) in middle and high-dose modified Erchentang groups. Conclusion: Modified Erchentang has an inhibitory effect on collagen in the extracellular matrix(ECM) of bronchioles. Its mechanism may be related to suppressing the expressions of MMP-1, MMP-9, coordinately inhibiting the expression of TIMP-1 and preventing bronchiolar ECM collagen deposition.关键词：chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD);Erchentang;type Ⅰ collagens;type Ⅲ collagens;extracellular matrix (ECM);matrix metalloproteinases(MMP)7|6|14更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect and possible mechanism of Qingre Huayu prescription on oxidative stress in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway. Method: The focal cerebral ischemia rat (MCAO) model was prepared by suture method, and 160 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham operation group (SO), model group (MCAO), Qingkailing control group (QKL), and Qingre Huayu prescription group (QRHY), n=40 in each group. Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups according to 12 h, 1 d, 2 d and 3 d after I/R, n=10 in each sub group. Cerebral infarction volume was tested by triphenyltetrazolium chlorid(TTC) staining method, and the changes of the mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) at each time point after reperfusion were observed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(Real-time PCR) and immunohistochemistry separately. Result: As compared with the normal group, the brain infarct volume was significantly increased in MCAO group 1 d after cerebral ischemia reperfusion (P<0.01); the brain infarct volume in QKL group was significantly smaller than that of MCAO group (P<0.05, P<0.01); QRHY could further decrease the brain infarct volume as compared with QKL group (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 in MCAO group were increased significantly 12 h after I/R, and reached the peak at 24 h (P<0.05, P<0.01), then decreased continuously with the increase of I/R time, but still maintained high expression levels (P<0.05). QKL could increase the mRNA and protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 as compared with MCAO group (P<0.05). QRHY could further increase the above expression as compared with QKL group (P<0.05). Conclusion: QRHY may up-regulate the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in rats and relieve I/R through activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.关键词：Qingre Huayu prescription;cerebral ischemia reperfusion;nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE)6|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To explore the effect of Xiao Chaihutang (XCHT) and its cold and hot herb-subtracted formulae on HCT116 human colon carcinoma cell proliferation, lipid accumulation and alkaline phosphatase, and investigate its mechanism. Method: HCT116 cells were cultured with XCHT, XCHT-Bupleuri Radix, XCHT-Scutellariae Radix, XCHT-Pinelliae Rhizoma, and XCHT-Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens at final drug concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 g·L-1, and in addition, another blank control group and colchicine positive control groups (1.0, 2.5, 10.0 μmol·L-1) were set in this study. The proliferation viability of HCT116 cells was detected by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; the lipid accumulation was detected by Sudan red Ⅳ staining;alkaline phosphatase kit was used to detect the enzyme activity; heat stable test was used to distinguish tissue specific alkaline phosphatase and tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), and intestinal alkaline phosphatase specific inhibitor (L-phenylalanine) inhibition test was used to distinguish intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) in tissue specific alkaline phosphatase. Result: As compared with blank control group, XCHT and its cold and hot herb-subtracted formulae all had obvious inhibitory effect on the cell proliferation activity of HCT116 human colon carcinoma cells and the inhibitory effect of XCHT was more obvious. The inhibitory effect was most obvious in colchicine positive control groups. The cell percentage of lipid accumulation in blank control group was significantly higher than that in XCHT and its cold and hot herb-subtracted formulae groups (P<0.01), and the cell percentage of lipid accumulation was lowest in XCHT group (P<0.05). The cell percentage of lipid accumulation in XCHT-Bupleuri Radix group was significantly lower than that in XCHT-Pinelliae Rhizoma group and XCHT-Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens group (P<0.01). The cell percentage of lipid accumulation in XCHT-Scutellariae Radix was significantly lower than that in XCHT-Pinelliae Rhizoma group and XCHT-Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens group (P<0.01), and there was no lipid accumulation in the colchicine positive control groups.The IAP activity was higher than TNAP activity in all the five XCHT and its cold and hot herb-subtracted formulae groups (P<0.01), and the TNAP activity was higher than IAP activity in culture medium (P<0.01). The IAP activity in cells of XCHT-Bupleuri Radix group was higher than that in XCHT-Pinelliae Rhizoma group and XCHT-Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens group, and the IAP activity in XCHT-Scutellariae Radix group was higher than that in XCHT-Pinelliae Rhizoma group and XCHT-Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens group (P<0.01). In the culture medium, the TNAP activity in XCHT-Pinelliae Rhizoma group and XCHT-Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens group was higher than that in XCHT-Bupleuri Radix group (P<0.05) and XCHT-Scutellariae Radix. Conclusion: XCHT and its cold and hot herb-subtracted formulae can effectively inhibit HCT116 human colon carcinoma cell proliferation and XCHT (a combination use of cold and hot herbs) exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect. There was a significant difference between the effect of cold herb-subtracted formulae and hot herb-subtracted formulae on lipid accumulation and alkaline phosphatase. A combination use of cold and hot herbs in XCHT, could act on TNAP and IAP respectively, and regulate fat transport and metabolism, thus inhibiting the growth of cancer cells.关键词：a combination use of cold and hot herbs;Xiao Chaihutang;cancer cell proliferation;lipid accumulation;alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes8|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of Gancao Fuzi Tang on adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) in mice. Method: Male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal group, model group, glycoside from Tripterygium wilfordii group, Gancao Fuzi fang high dose, middle dose and low dose groups (3.9, 7.8, 15.6 g·kg-1), n=12 in each group. AA model was used for all the mice except those in normal group, and on day 12 after modeling, corresponding drugs were given, qd, for 18 days. Then the effect of drugs on paw edema of the animals was observed and the histopathological changes of the ankle joint were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β)and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases-1(MMP-1)and matrix metalloproteinases-3(MMP-3) were detected by Western blot. Result: Gancao Fuzi Tang significantly alleviated joint swelling, changed inflammatory cell infiltration, alleviated synovial hyperplasia and bone erosion, reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6(P<0.05), and decreased MMP-1 and MMP-3 protein expressions (P<0.05) in AA mice. Conclusion: The results indicate that Gancao Fuzi Tang has therapeutic effect on AA mouse, and the mechanism might be associated with its anti-inflammatory effects and down-regulating MMP-1 and MMP-3 expressions in synovial tissues.关键词：Gancao Fuzi Tang;adjuvant arthritis;matrix metalloproteinases;rheumatoid arthritis;interleukin-1β(IL-1β);interleukin-6(IL-6);necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)8|6|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Prunellae Spica sulfated polysaccharide (PSSP) on carbon tetrachaloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis and activation of HSC-T6 induced by transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1. Method: The liver fibrosis model was established through intraperitoneal injection with 40% CCl4.The rats were randomly divided into five groups:normal control group, model group, positive control group (colchicines, 0.25 mg·kg-1), and high and low-dose PSSP groups. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), hyaluronic acid(HA), laminin(LN), procollagen-Ⅲ-peptide(PC-Ⅲ) and type Ⅳ collagen(C-Ⅳ) were examined in different groups. Moreover, htoxylin eosin(HE) staining and sinus red staining were used to examine the degree of hepatic fibrosis. HSC-T6 was cultured, and the proliferation of HSC-T6 was determined by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay. The expressions of collagen type I (Col-I) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) mRNA were detected by Real-time PCR. The mRNA and protein expressions of Col-I and α-SMA were measured by Western blot. Result: Compared with the model group, the levels of ALT, AST, HA, LN, PC-Ⅲ and C-Ⅳ were significantly decreased in the PSSP groups. HE staining and sinus red staining showed that PSSP could significantly reduce the degree of hepatic fibrosis. PSSP had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cells(P<0.01). Compared with TGF-β1 group, mRNA and protein expressions of α-SMA and Col-I were significantly decreased by PSSP in TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cells(P<0.01). Conclusion: PSSP has a protective effect against CCl4-induced liver fibrosis possibly by reducing secretion of collagen and promoting extracellular matrix degradation.关键词：Prunellae Spica sulfated polysaccharide;hepatic fibrosis;hepatic stellate cell;collagen type I;α-smooth muscle actin6|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the intervention effect of Qiangxin Huoli recipe on cardiotoxicity after chemotherapy of antitumor drug ADR in rats. Method: Totally 96 healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely normal group, ADR model group (16 mg·kg-1), Shenfu control group (3 g·kg-1), and high-dose, medium-dose, low-dose Qiangxin Huoli recipe groups (3.6, 1.8, 0.9 g·kg-1). The mental state, eating, feces and fur of each group of rats were observed. After 24 h of the last intragastric administration, plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, electrocardiogram (ECG), whole heart mass index (HW/BW), hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) staining, Masson staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were detected, and the myocardial morphological and ultrastructural changes were observed. Result: Compared with normal group, the ADR model group had significant differences from normal control rats (P<0.05, P<0.01) in weight loss; ECG showed significantly abnormal changes; plasma BNP and HW/BW significantly increased. Myocardial and ultrastructure injury were observed by light microscope and sem. Qiangxin Huoli recipe can obviously improve the general conditions and body quality of rats, decrease the plasma BNP levels and HW/BW, reverse the abnormal ECG, and inhibit the myocardial fibrosis, cellular edema and abnormal changes of ultrastructure, especially in the high-dose group. The differences from ADR group were quite obvious (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Qiangxin Huoli recipe has a protective effect on adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.关键词：adriamycin;cardiotoxicity;Qiangxin Huoli recipe;brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)7|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the toxicity reducing and efficacy enhancing effect of Shengfu injection combined with Tanreqing injection on chemotherapy by supplementing Qi, warming Yang, resolving phlegm and detoxicating in elderly patients with advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of the wild type epithelial growth factor receptor(EGFR)after docetaxel chemotherapy. Method: The 64 eligible patients were divided into 2 groups equally:control group (docetaxel single drug chemotherapy regimen) and treatment group (Chinese medicine regimen with supplementing Qi, warming Yang, resolving phlegm and detoxicating effect based on the treatment in control group). All patients were injected with Docetaxel of 75 mg·m-2 by drip of each cycle in first day, and the patients in treatment group additionally received traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) regimen of Supplementing Qi, warming Yang, and detoxification effect (60-80 mL Shengfu injection was added to 250 mL 5% glucose injection for intravenous drip, qd, and 20-30 mL Tanreqing injection was added to 250 mL 5% glucose injection 250 mL, qd). The TCM regimen was given for 10 days. 21 days were regarded as 1 cycle, and the symptoms of Chinese medicine, immunologic function, Ⅲ-Ⅳ bone marrow suppression and safety were evaluated after 2 cycles' treatment. Result: The improvement of TCM symptoms (weak breath, hemoptysis, cough, expectorating phlegm, chest pain, chest tightness, et al) in the treatment group was better than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the peripheral blood CD3+, CD4+ and interleukin (IL)-27 of the treatment group were higher than those of control group (P<0.05), and CD8+ and cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (sCTLA-4) were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05), with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). As compared with control group, the treatment group had a lower hematologic toxicity of grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ (P<0.05). Conclusion: Shengfu injection combined with Tanreqing injection with supplementing Qi, warming Yang, resolving phlegm and detoxicating effect can improve the TCM symptoms of advanced non-small cell lung cancer in elderly patients, increased the immune function of patients after chemotherapy, reduce the toxicity of hematology, with high safety, toxicity reducing and efficacy enhancing effect, so it is worthy of clinical application.关键词：nourishing Qi and warming Yang;phlegm detoxification;advanced lung cancer;spleen deficiency and phlegm dampness syndrome;toxicity reducing and efficacy enhancing8|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the efficacy of Shengmaisan and Guizhi Gancao Longgu Muli Tang on patients of rheumatic heart disease with persistent atrial fibrillation after rheumatic valve replacement, and its effect on the cardiac structure and inflammatory factors. Method: A total of 126 patients with rheumatic heart disease with persistent atrial fibrillation after rheumatic valve replacement were randomly divided into observation group and control group (63 cases in each group). In addition to the comprehensive treatment, the control group was also treated with amiodarone; and the observation group was also treated with Shengmaisan and Guizhi Gancao Longgu Muli Tang in addition to the therapy of control group. The course of treatment was 10 weeks. Left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LAD), right atrial diameter (RAD), right ventricular internal diameter (RVD), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular ejection fraction and PLT counts and FIB levels were detected; and cell adhesion factor (S-ICAM-1, s-VCAM-1), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), plasma matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result: The total effective rate was 88.9% in the observation group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (73.0%, χ2 =5.147, P<0.05). The retention rate of sinus rhythm in the observation group was 73.7%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (42.1%, χ2=5.644, P<0.05). After treatment, LAD, RAD, RVD, LVEDD and LVEF were significantly better in the observation group than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of PLT, FIB, s-ICAM-1 and s-VCAM-1 in the observation group were significantly lower than those before treatment and the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of TGF-β1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the observation group were significantly lower, the level of TIMP-2 was significantly higher than before treatment (P<0.05), and the above indexes were significantly better than those of the control group after treatment (P<0.05). No serious adverse events were observed in the two groups during treatment. Conclusion: Shengmaisan and Guizhi Gancao Longgu Muli Tang can effectively maintain the conversion rate of patients of rheumatic heart disease with persistent atrial fibrillation after rheumatic valve replacement, and improve myocardial remodeling and cardiac function. Its mechanism may further improve myocardial remodeling by reducing the levels of inflammatory factors and cell adhesion factors and the myocardial fibrosis.关键词：rheumatic heart disease;Shengmaisan and Guizhi Gancao Longgu Muli Tang;atrial fibrillation;cell adhesion molecule6|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Danqi Yishen prescription on diabetic nephropathy with Qi Yin deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome and the effect on serum levels of thrombin regulating protein (TM), vascular pseudohemophilia factor (vWF), endothelin (ET) and urine levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and IGF-2. Method: One hundred fifty cases of diabetic nephropathy were randomly divided into control group (75 cases) and treatment group (75 cases). Both groups received routine treatment by reference to the expert consensus on prevention and control of diabetic nephropathy (2014 edition). Control group was treated with reduced glutathione intravenous drip, qd. In addition of the therapy of control group, treatment group was given Danqi Yishen prescription 1 dose/day. Both groups were treated for 2 months. Blood sugar and lipid levels, symptoms of Qi Yin deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome, kidney function and efficacy were compared between the two groups. Serum levels of TM, vWF, ET and urine levels of IGF-1 and IGF-2 were detected in both groups. Result: After treatment, levels of fasting blood glucose (FPG), 2 h blood glucose (PPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and scores of symptoms of Qi Yin deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome of treatment group were obviously lower than those of control group (P < 0.01). After treatment, kidney function indexes serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), 24 h urinary total protein, 24 h urinary albumin and urine β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) were remarkably lower than those of control group (P<0.01). Total effective rate of treatment group was 88%, which was higher than 73.33% of control group (P<0.05). Serum levels of TM, vWF, ET and urine levels of IGF-1 and IGF-2 of treatment group were evidently lower than those of control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Danqi Yishen prescription combined with reduced glutathione intravenous drip can alleviate symptoms of Qi Yin deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome, improve clinical efficacy, and regulate kidney function indexes in treating diabetic neuropathy. Its mechanism may be correlated with the release of TM, vWF, ET, IGF-1 and IGF-2.关键词：Danqi Yishen prescription;diabetic nephropathy;Qi Yin deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome;vascular endothelial function;insulin-like growth factor9|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To discuss the efficacy of addition and subtracton of Xiaobanyin on facial hormone-dependent dermatitis (HDD) and its effect on helper T cells immune inflammation and skin barrier function. Method: One hundred and nineteen patients with HDD were randomly divided into control group 59 cases and observation group 60 cases by random number table and hierarchical block designs. Patients in control group were given loratadine tablets, 10 mg/time, 1 time/day. And hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablets, 0.2 g/time, 2 times/days. In addition to the therapy of control group, patients in observation group were also given addition and subtracton of Xiaobanyin, 1 dose/day. A course of treatment was 8 weeks. Before and after treatment, scores of subjective symptoms and objective skin injury were recorded. Skin barrier function, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2(IL-2), IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected. And dermatology life quality index (DLQI) was evaluated. Result: The total effect rate in observation group was 93.33%, which was higher than 79.66% in control group (χ2=4.778, P<0.05). Score of symptom in observation group was lower than that in control group (P<0.01). Water content of corneum and sebum in observation group were higher than those in control group, while transepidermal water loss was less than that in control group (P<0.01). And levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 were higher than those in control group, whereas levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1, IL-13, TNF-α scores of DLQI and the total score were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: In addition to the therapy of western medicine treatment, addition and subtracton of Xiaobanyin can relieve the symptom of HDD and inflammatory injury, improve the quality of life and the clinical effect, regulate levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines and promote the recovery of skin barrier function.关键词：facial hormone-dependent dermatitis;Xiaobanyin;helper T cell;skin barrier function6|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study on the relationship of herb pair of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in dosage, ratio and efficacy. Method: Totally 2 361 prescriptions containing Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription database were retrieved by computerized algorithm. Statistics were made for the doses of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the ratio of their dosage and the efficacy. Mining analysis was made for the relationship between them through Apriori algorithm. Result: Rhei Radix et Rhizoma was often used at doses between 25.16-35.16 g, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma was commonly used at doses between 0-5.16 g, 15.16-35.16 g. The commonest use ratio was 1/1, accounting for 37.85%. These prescriptions can clear heat, relieve pain, clear damp and promote diuresis, disperse swelling and dissipate binds, and relieve internal heat or fever. The efficacy has a high correlation with the dosage and ratio. Conclusion: Apriori algorithm and other data analysis methods can be applied to find the application regularity of the herb pairs, and provide a new method for study on prescription compatibility, as well as a basis for clinical application and new drug development.关键词：Rhei Radix et Rhizoma;Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;herb pair;Apriori algorithm;network association6|7|9更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the potential molecular mechanism of Epimedii Folium in the treatment of osteonecrosis of femeral head based on the network pharmacology and bioinformatics. Method: The method of network pharmacology was used to determine and screen out the potential compounds of Epimedii Folium through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, and predict the drug-related gene/protein targets by means of such databases as TTD and DrugBank, OMIM, GAD and PharmGKB. Bioinformatic method was used to determine the specific target of Epimedii Folium in prevention and treatment of osteonecrosis of femeral head. ClueGO was applied in the signal pathway enrichment analysis to further analyze the molecular mechanism of Epimedii Folium in treatment of osteonecrosis of femeral head. Result: The 130 compounds related to Epimedii Folium were retrieved in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. According to the parameters of oral bioavailability (OB) and drug-likeness (DL), a total of 23 blood transfusion components were screened out, and 102 targets were predicted by using the relevant target prediction technique. A total of 72 known targets closely related to the development of osteonecrosis of femeral head were retrieved in the disease-related databases. Cytoscape software was used to construct and synthesize the protein-protein interaction network of active ingredients and diseases, and 135 key genes were screened out by the network topological analysis. ClueGO analysis showed that the key signaling pathways involving the effect of Epimedii Folium on osteonecrosis of femeral head were mainly enriched in 80 signaling pathways, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, stress and cancer related signaling pathways. Conclusion: Epimedii Folium has the characteristics of multiple targets and multicomponents in the treatment of osteonecrosis of femeral head. Its main pathways not only directly participate in the cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation and the regulation of the balance of osteogenesis and osteoclasts, but also interfere and affect the bone microenvironment by regulating immunity, inflammation and stress, so as to control the occurrence and development of diseases. This is consistent with the current mechanism in treating the osteonecrosis of femeral head.关键词：Epimedii Folium;osteonecrosis of femeral head;network pharmacology;bioinformatics;molecular mechanism;signaling pathway6|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Previous research on Lonicerae Japonicae Flos in Pingyi focused more on the professional field in the traditional industrial age, which provided abundant scientific research accumulation for the aspect of resource development, quality control, further application of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos industry in this region.Compared with the two major producing areas of Julu and Fengqiu, compared with other Chinese medicinal materials, such as Ningxia wolfberry industry, compared with the deeply embedded internet technology of agricultural industrial chain, the Lonicerae Japonicae Flos industry in Pingyi, caused by the lack of organization and standardization, the low added value of the deep processing products, the single product and channel, can not break through the resource advantages of original upstream industry.Mobile internet era has brought the globalization and the change of the regional competition model.By research on the theory of industrial economics and management, we found that internet+ model and industrial value chain theory had three common features, namely, returning to the business logic of customer value, the path of industrial upgrading transformation and goal of industrial operations management, they just can solve the problems that traditional business thinking is difficult to overcome.Taking both of them to analyze Lonicerae Japonicae Flos industry in Pingyi, we can determine its location on the industrial chain, build six unique value platforms for the industrial chain business entities by integrating the original upstream quality resources, and bring big data and capital value.关键词：internet+ model;industrial value chain;Lonicerae Japonicae Flos;industrial chain integration;platform model;pharmacoeconomics6|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To conduct a textural research for the plant morphology, habitat, distribution and use of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Kuao, in order to define the origin of Kuao. Method: Plant morphology and habitat and distribution and use of Kuao were consulted in dictionaries and medical literatures between Han to Qing dynasties. Result: The original plant of Kuao was confused in Chinese herbal medicine books, they were Elephantopus scaber, Cirsium chinensis, Lactuca tatarica, Patrinia villosa. Conclusion: The Flora of China and the Flora of Zhejiang were consulted for the geographical distribution and plant morphology, including the chemical constituents and the pharmacological action of C. chinensis. By comparing and analyzing the content of herbalism in the ancient documents and Chinese herbal medicine books, the origin plant of TCM Kuao shall be C. chinensis.关键词：Kuao;herbal;textual research;plant morphology;habitat;distribution;using tracing9|8|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma is a valuable medicine, which plays an important role in clinical treatment, including blood-activating, stasis-removing and improvement of myocardial ischemia, etc.Notoginseng saponins, one kind of dammarane-type tetracyclic triterpenoid saponins, are the main active ingredients in Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, such as ginsenoside Rb1, Rg1 and R1.In this paper, the latest researches on biosynthesis and molecular regulation mechanism of notoginseng saponins were analyzed and summarized.Based on the research results of other plants, dammarane-type tetracyclic triterpenoid saponins are synthesized by the acetic acid/mevalonic acid pathway, including synthesis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, synthesis, hydroxylation and other processes of 2, 3-oxidosqualene.The key synthetases, squalene synthase, farnesyl pyrophaophate synthase, squalene epoxidase and others are involved;the roles, expression characteristics, homology of amino acid sequence from organisms and the effect on accumulation of saponins of key synthetases were analyzed.Besides, the response of notoginseng saponins to environmental factors were also generalized;the results showed that the relationship of them was complex, but content of notoginseng saponins was positively correlated with each factor under certain range or specific factor stimulation.At present, relevant researches mainly focus on expression characteristics of independent key enzyme genes and their response to external factors, the regulation of specific catalytic processes, structural modifications and transcription levels is still in the primary stage, which lacks systematic and complete cognition.关键词：Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma;notoginseng saponin;biosynthesis;regulation mechanism;external factors10|6|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Hepatic fibrosis is the common pathological feature in almost all patients with chronic liver injury, which leads to cirrhosis gradually. Though many kinds of drugs can be used to treat hepatic fibrosis diseases, western medicines are limited to treat hepatic fibrosis, because of their single target and plentiful adverse reactions. And the mechanisms and active ingredients of most traditional Chinese medicines are not clear, with no uniform diagnosis and treatment standard. Therefore, it is essential to find an effective anti hepatic fibrosis drug with a clear material basis. Due to the structural diversity, less side effects and abundant resources, products from natural resources have unique advantages and a good potential in treatment of hepatic fibrosis. This article reviews the natural products with the effect of anti-liver fibrosis, including alkaloids, polysaccharides, flavonoids, polypeptides, terpenes and phenols, retrieved through CNKI, Sciencedirect, Xueshu.baidu.com and other databases. Besides, it also summarizes the anti-hepatic fibrosis mechanisms, including inhibiting inflammation of liver, resisting lipid peroxidation, inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation and proliferation, impacting synthesis and secretion of profibrotic cytokines, and regulating synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix, in order to provide a reference for the development of anti-hepatic fibrosis drugs.关键词：natural products;anti-liver fibrosis;mechanism;research progress11|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：To review the studies on clinical application and functionary mechanism of Zhengan Xifeng Tang in treatment of primary hypertension in recent years. Zhengan Xifeng Tang was a classical famous prescription created by ZHANG Xi-chun in Qing dynasty for treatment of stroke, which is also commonly used in the clinical treatment of primary hypertension in modern medicine. According to Records of Tradition Chinese and Western Medicine in Combination, Zhengan Xifeng Tang has the effect of stopping endogenous wind, nourishing yin to suppress Yang, with a good effect on primary hypertension. The mechanism of hypertension is complex, so although there are so many types of drugs for the treatment of essential hypertension, modern western medicine still has such problems as single target and many adverse reactions. The therapeutic characteristics of Chinese medicine compound of multiple targets and pathways, play a unique advantage in reducing the adverse reactions and improving the symptoms of hypertensive patients. At present, there are many researches on treatment of primary hypertension with Zhengan Xifeng Tang, achieving certain progress from the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine to experimental research, especially the new viewpoint of gastrointestinal hormone has enriched the theory of hypertension mechanism. However, the researches on the therapeutic approach and target target in the treatment of hypertension still need to be further studied. According to the literature at home and abroad about clinical application and mechanism of Zhengan Xifeng Tang in treatment of primary hypertension, it was found that its mechanism mainly involved the following aspects:regulating gastrointestinal hormones, improving vascular endothelial function, improving vascular remodeling, blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), regulating blood lipid, depressing sympathetic nerves, improving insulin resistance and intervening ion channel of cell membrane. Based on the hypotensive effect of Zhengan Xifeng Tang in many ways and multiple targets and mainly from the pathogenesis and pathophysiological changes of primary hypertension, this paper provided a new strategy for the treatment of primary hypertension with traditional Chinese medicine.关键词：Zhengan Xifeng Tang;primary hypertension;traditional Chinese medicine of clinical;functionary mechanism12|7|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Due to the limitation of metastatic inhibitory therapies, metastasis has become the main cause of cancerous death clinically. Currently, increasing evidences have proved that the tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) is the basis model for the interaction of metastatic tumor cells and platelets. By disturbing the physiological coagulation balance and maintaining the bidirectional pro-tumoral properties in hemato-microenvironment, TCIPA also functionally determines a series of crucial cascades for metastasis. On one hand, the formation of platelet aggregates surrounding tumor cells supports their survival and protects them against host immuno-elimination; on the other hand, activated platelets could in turn promote the tumor cell transportation along the bloodstream and finally enhance the colony formation within the distant organs. Spatholobi Caulis is a kind of classic traditional Chinese medicines of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis. Its effect in improving the hypercoagulable state has been recorded in lots of ancient Chinese medical books. In recent years, more and more reports have shown that it plays a key role in anti-tumor metastasis by regulating the blood microenvironment. In light of this, our review summarized the pathological characteristics and the regulation mechanism of platelet-tumor interaction. Additionally, we also discussed the potential value of anti-platelet drugs represented by Spatholobi Caulis, in order to provide the comprehensive anti-metastatic strategy. We wrote this review to highlight the significance and the systematic recognition of anti-TCIPA therapy. Moreover, we would provide a direction for the research and development of anti-metastatic drugs in the future.关键词：tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA);tumor metastasis;Spatholobi Caulis;anti-metastatic treatment6|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
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