最新刊期
卷 24 ， 期 15 ， 2018
- 摘要：Commissioned by Society of Cardiovascular Diseases of China Association of Chinese Medicine, the items of efficacy evaluation for coronary heart disease angina pectoris in syndrome of blood stasis were confirmed, which is based on the results of 481 angina pectoris patients confirmed by coronary angiography with blood stasis syndrome from multiple-center collection adopting a variety of statistical methods, combined with the concentration of expertise and the degree of coordination.A comprehensive quantification of scale items was performed by various methods, such as M-index non-linear quantification, and eventually a coronary heart disease angina pectoris blood stasis syndrome efficacy evaluation scale was formed.This standard(scale) is used clinically by internal medicine physicians and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine physicians.It is suitable for clinical efficacy evaluation of patients with coronary heart disease and blood stasis syndrome.关键词：coronary heart disease;syndrome of blood stasis;efficacy evaluation;scale6|287|14更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Commissioned by Society of Cardiovascular Diseases of China Association of Chinese Medicine, the items of efficacy evaluation for coronary heart disease angina pectoris with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) treatment were confirmed, which is based on the result of 800 angina pectoris patients confirmed by coronary angiography from multicenter collection adopting a variety of statistical methods, consulting experts twice.The enactment of efficacy evaluation for coronary heart disease angina pectoris with TCM treatment adopts the M-index non-linear quantification to dispose the items.This standard (scale) can be applied to evaluate the clinical efficacy of coronary heart disease angina pectoris treatment by doctors with internal medicine of TCM or integrative medicine backgrounds.关键词：coronary heart disease;traditional Chinese medicine;efficacy evaluation;multicenter;scale6|416|16更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Commissioned by Society of Cardiovascular Diseases of China Association of Chinese Medicine, the enactment of rating scale based on coronary heart disease angina pectoris patient reported outcome(PRO) is under strict order by international guidelines, directed by traditional chinese medicine theory, combined with the theoretical framework of the international PRO scale.Based on multicenter collection of 847 scales from 319 patients with positive coronary angiography results and the thorough study of questionnaire sensitivity, the rating scale based on coronary heart disease angina pectoris PRO adopts a variety of statistical methods to confirm the items.The scale is mainly applied to clinical evaluation of patients with angina pectoris.It is also suitable for clinical evaluation of patients with chest stuffiness and pain as traditional Chinese medicine.关键词：coronary heart disease;efficacy evaluation;patients reported outcomes indicator;scale8|280|11更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To construct the diagnosis scale for Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome (QSBSS), and provide the basis for clinical diagnosis of QSBSS. Method:Through the ancient and modern literature analysis, we summarized the symptoms and signs of QSBSS and constructed an expert consultation questionnaire.After consulting 45 senior professional doctors and researchers, we made clear the form and content of the development of the diagnostic scale and designed a clinical research questionnaire for QSBSS patients.Then, we investigated 1 076 patients and collected their clinical data.Through several statistical analysis methods, including cluster analysis, principal component analysis, factor analysis, discrimination analysis, Spearman correlation coefficient, Logistic stepwise regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and expert consultation, we screened the scale items.Finally, we made the diagnosis scale by determining the boundary value and empowering. Result:The diagnosis scale contained 10 items, which were pain, emotional frustration, distending pain, scurry pain, chest distress, lumps in body, petechia in the tongue, purplish tongue, unsmooth pulse and deep pulse.The maximum score was 51.5 points and a score of 20 points could be diagnosed as QSBSS.The sensitivity of the scale was 80.35%, the specificity was 81.91%, and the accuracy rate was 80.94%. Conclusion:The diagnosis scale for QSBSS is universally suitable, and its sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rate reach the expected target, which can provide the basis for clinical diagnosis of QSBSS.关键词：Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome;syndromes;diagnosis scale;criteria;cluster analysis;expert consultation;questionnaire6|424|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To construct the patient reported outcome (PRO) scale for Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome (QSBSS). Method:According to the international principle of scale construction and traditional Chinese medicine theory, the theoretic framework of this scale was build.Through analyzing 102 references pertaining to the QSBSS, retrospectively reviewing 209 cases and discussion of 14 experts, the item pool of this scale was formed.The primary PRO scale was shaped by survey and interview of participants with a small sample size.The eventual PRO scale was constructed after the survey of 338 QSBSS participants by the 7 analysis methods, partly including item distribution, tendency of dispersion, factor analysis, and was revised in the light of experts suggestion.The PRO scale was also evaluated by clinical study of 213 QSBSS participants and 100 non-QSBSS participants from the perspective of feasibility, reliability, validity and discrimination degree. Result:Evaluation scale for QSBSS based on PROs was eventually build with 37 items, mainly including 22 physiology items, 9 psychology items, 1 independent item and 5 community items.The reliability analysis showed that the Cronbach α coefficient was 0.716, half reliability was 0.666.Validity analysis showed that 64.70% of the variables could be interpreted by the common factor, and the Spearman coefficient of association was larger than 0.2 except the independent item, and P value was smaller than 0.01 in terms of t test for the whole scale and separate fields of the scale. Conclusion:Evaluation scale for QSBSS based on PROs embraces high level of reliability, validity and discrimination degree, which can be used for the evaluation for the efficacy and effectiveness of QSBSS patients.关键词：Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome;syndromes;efficacy evaluation;patient reported outcome;scale;statistical methods;expert consultation6|276|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To compare the effects of integrated processing method and traditional processing method on the contents of stilbene glucoside, free anthraquinones and total polysaccharides in Polygoni Multiflori Radix(PMR), and provide the basis for establishing integrated method of processing and processing of producing areas of PMR. Method: The contents of stilbene glucoside, free anthraquinones(emodin and physcione) and total polysaccharides were determined by sampling at different time points, PMR was steamed and steamed with black bean juice by integrated processing method or traditional processing method. Result: Sampling at the same time, the integrated processing method and traditional processing method had no significant effect on the content of stilbene glucoside, with the extension of steaming time, the content of stilbene glycoside in the samples of the traditional processing method and integrated processing method gradually decreased;the integrated processing method and traditional processing method had a significant effect on the content of free anthraquinones, the content of free anthraquinones in the integrated method was significantly lower than the traditional processing method;there are no significant effects of two kinds of processing methods on the content of total polysaccharides. Conclusion: The integrated method of processing and processing of producing areas of PMR is reasonable and feasible.关键词：Polygoni Multiflori Radix;integration of processing and processing of producing areas;stilbene glucoside;free anthraquinones;total polysaccharides;Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata7|395|5更新时间：2024-01-04
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Optimization of Preparation Process of Xiaoyao Tablets by Mixture Design Method Based on QbD Concept
摘要：Objective: To optimize the formulation and preparation technology of Xiaoyao tablets based on quality by design (QbD). Method:Xiaoyao tablets were prepared by wet granulation and granule compression.Firstly, the risk factors that may affect the quality of the tablets were evaluated.Plackett-Burman experimental design was used to screen the prescription factors and process parameters that had significant influence on the index.Taking formability of granules, angle of repose and appearance of tablets, disintegration time as evaluation indexes, the formulation of Xiaoyao tablets was optimized by mixture design. Result:By taking risk assessment and Plackett-Burman test, it was confirmed that the ratio of extract powder to excipients, the ratio of starch to lactose, the amount of disintegrant and lubricant were the key factors affecting the experimental results.The regression model established by the mixture design had significant significance and the model had good predictability.Based on the model, the optimal formulation was chosen within the optimal prescription area as dry extract powder-starch-lactose-croscarmellose sodium-magnesium stearate (73.2:13.8:10:2:1).According to this prescription, Xiaoyao tablets was prepared, its average particle forming rate reached 87.44%, the angle of repose was 34.97°, the score of tablets' appearance was 5 points and the disintegration time was 32.3 minutes, the comprehensive score reached 75.63 points. Conclusion:It is feasible to optimize the prescription and process parameters of Xiaoyao tablets based on QbD concept and mixture design method.The prescription optimized by mixture design is reasonable, the process is stable and feasible, which can provide a reference for industrial production of Xiaoyao tablets.关键词：quality by design;Xiaoyao tablets;stagnation of Qi due to depression of liver;risk assessment;mixture design;disintegration time;Plackett-Burman design7|328|8更新时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To assess the conformance of dissolution behavior of artemether and lumefantrine in compound artemether lumefantrine tablets in four different dissolution media in this study. Method:According to the second method of determination and release in Chinese Pharmacopoia(2015 edition), the dissolution curves of artemether and lumefantrine in the four dissolution media of water, pH 1.2(0.1 mol·L-1 hydrochloric acid solution of 1% benzyl chloride of dimethyl alkyl amine), pH 2.5(hydrochloric acid solution of three hydroxymethyl aminomethane) and pH 4.5(hydrochloric acid solution of sodium hydroxide and citric acid)were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultraviolet and visible (UV) spectrophotometry respectively. The method of similarity factor(f2) was used to compare the similarities of dissolution curves of the imitation preparation and the reference preparation. Result:Among the four dissolution media, the similarity factors between the imitation preparations were from 90 to 96, which meant that the production process was stable;the similarity factors between the imitation preparation and the control preparation were from 52 to 71, all greater than 50, which meant that the dissolution curves were similar to each other. Conclusion:The dissolution curves are consistent between the imitation formulations and control formulations in vitro, which provide the basis for further study of the imitation preparations.关键词：compound artemether lumefantrine tablets;imitation preparations;reference preparations;slurry method;high performance liquid chromatography;ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry;dissolution curves;conformance assessment6|161|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To evaluate the potential medicine usage, we aimed to verifying its medicinal active ingredients of Agriophyllum squarrosum. Method: We explored medicinal active ingredients in the above-ground tissues of A. squarrosum based on UPLC-MS non-targeted metabonomics analysis.Quantitative analysis of metabolites was carried out using a multi-reaction monitoring model(MRM) of triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.The multivariate statistical analysis was used to analyze the difference metabolites in the above-ground tissues of A. squarrosum. Result: With metabonomics analysis, a total of 506 metabolites were detected in the above-ground tissues of A. squarrosum, including flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, vitamins, terpenes, amino acids, etc.Most of the active ingredients had a significant concentration in the aerial part of A. squarrosum, though some metabolites concentration differed among tissues.The spikes mainly contained amino acids, while the stems and leaves were rich in the secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, vitamins, etc. Conclusion: A. squarrosum has a variety of potential functions, such as anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, lowering blood pressure, protecting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, etc.This work supports that it is highly promising to develop new drugs using the above-ground tissues of A. squarrosum.Meanwhile, it also provides important data for A. squarrosum as a new Chinese herbal medicine resource which can play an important role in sustainable ecological agriculture and health industry in arid and semi-arid regions.关键词：Agriophyllum squarrosum;metabolomics;different tissues;differential metabolites;medicinal active ingredients;amino acids;vitamins9|311|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To establish an effective and accurate specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identification method for herb Syngnathus and its common adulterates. Method: Based on the difference in cytochrome C oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COⅠ) gene DNA sequences among Solenognathus hardwickii, Syngnathoides biaculeatus, S. acus and adulterants, the specific primers were designed; the reaction conditions were optimized, and the PCR method for identification was explored and verified in terms of tolerance and feasibility. The three pairs of specific primers were combined to build multiplex PCR systems. Result: Through the established multiplex PCR reaction system, 485, 240, 120 bp fragments were amplified from DNA templates of S. shardwickii, S. biaculeatus and S. acus, respectively. All the adulterants had no bands. Conclusion: The designed identification primers were highly specific, and the PCR amplification of specific alleles established in this paper can be used to accurately identify the Syngnathus.关键词：Syngnathus;PCR amplification of specific alleles;molecular identification;adulterants7|178|12更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the DNA methylation level and pattern changes of Andrographis paniculata under continuous cropping conditions. Method: DNA methylation level and patterns of A. paniculata samples continuously cropped for 0, 1, 2 years in sheltered pots were determined by using methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Result: The DNA methylation level detected by LC-MS/MS was 13.91%, 12.72%, 10.26%, and 10.16%, 9.64%, 8.98% determined by MSAP. Both results indicated that the DNA methylation level of A. paniculata had a gradual decreasing tendency with the increase of the continuous cropping years. MSAP analysis also showed that demethylation was present at CCGG sites of genomic DNA during the continuous cropping process. Conclusion: DNA methylation level and pattern of A. paniculata were changed to response to the continuous cropping stress.关键词：Andrographis paniculata;DNA methylation;continuous cropping;methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism;LC-MS/MS9|145|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of shading treatment on growth, physiological and secondary metabolites response of Lamiophlomis rotate, in order to explore its adaptation mechanism to shade environment, and provide a theoretical basis for seedling management. Method: Two-year-old L. rotate plants were given shading treatment, with 40% of light intensity of sunshine. Morphological indicators, such as the number of leaves, leaf area and root length per plant, were recorded. Physiological parameters were measured, including malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, content of proline, catalase(CAT) activity, soluble sugar, soluble protein content and chlorophyll content. Chemical components of L. rotata were measured, including C19H28O12 and C17H26O11. Result: Shade conditions significantly reduced root length, the number of leaves, leaf area, the biomass and root-top ratio of L. rotate. The underground biomass was increased in full sunlight treatment. Shading treatments not only significantly decreased chlorophyll content, content of proline and soluble sugar, but also significantly increased POD activity. Shading treatment significantly decreased both the content of C19H28O12 and the total content of C17H26O11 and C17H26O11 (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that shading treatment could promote biomass allocation for pharmaceutical use, and sunlight on plateau may play the role of adversity factor, which could increase the content of C17H26O11 and C17H26O11. We shall pay attention to controlling suitable shading time for nursery management. The results of this study show that the 2-year L. rotate seedling tablets conform with the provisions for L. rotata cultivation in pharmacopoeia,关键词：Lamiophlomis rotata;shading during seedling period;nursery management;physiological characteristics;secondary metabolite7|121|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the quality of five indicators of Codonopsis pilosula by using technique for order preferency by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS), and select the good cultivation base for C. pilosula. Method: Contents of 5 indexes(water-soluble extracts, alcohol-soluble extracts, total saponins, lobetyolin, and total polysaccharide) for C. pilosula were determined by methods of water-soluble extract determination, alcohol-soluble extract determination, ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in different cultivated lands. Then the entropy TOPSIS mathematical model was used to evaluate the quality of C. pilosula in Pingshun county, Shanxi province. Result: The Ci value of S1(Laomaling village in Qingyang town) was 0.837 4, with an overall quality superior to other regions;on the contrary, the Ci value of S7(river bay in Heihu village, Xingcheng town)was 0.535 7, with a relatively poor quality. The Ci values of S1, S4(Xiaogou village, Longxi town), and S6(Congshang village, Longxi town)were top 3 among all the samples(0.837 4, 0.824 0, 0.810 5 respectively), indicating that these samples in the three regions had better medicinal quality, and these regions could be selected as preferred origins for C. pilosula. Conclusion: The TOPSIS evaluation model could transform multiple dimensions into one dimension, which is scientific, accurate and objective. It is perfect in theory, simple in calculation and easy in operation, so it could be used to evaluate the optimal cultivation base, providing basis for selection of cultivation area for C. pilosula. Meanwhile, this TOPSIS evaluation model could also be applied to the comprehensive evaluation of other traditional Chinese medicines.关键词：Codonopsis pilosula;cultivation base;multi-index analysis;quality evaluation;TOPSIS model7|195|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 192 kinds of pesticide residues in ginseng by using gas and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), and determine 11 batches of ginseng samples(including Panacis Quinquefolii Radix, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra and white ginseng). Method: The 192 types of pesticides commonly used in ginseng planting, forbidden in agriculture planting and those with high toxicity were selected as the detecting indexes in this method according to the risk control principals. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile, and the quantitative analysis was carried out by GC-MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) model. The analyte protectant-internal standard method was used to improve the accuracy of this method. The extraction solvents, purification methods (including solid phase extraction and Quechers), and the conditions of chromatography-mass spectrometry were investigated and optimized. Result: The experimental results showed that the liner range for 192 pesticides were in the range of 1-100 μg·L-1 with correction coefficients of greater than 0.99.The average recoveries of 98% pesticides ranged from 70% to 120% at levels of 5, 20, and 100 μg·kg-1. 14 kinds of pesticide monomers were detected in 11 batches of ginseng samples, and the detection rate of pentachloro-nitrobenzene(PCNB)was highest. According to the pesticide maximum residual limit(MRL)of ginseng and Panax quinquefolium in 2015 Chinese Pharmacopoeia, 36% of the samples exceeded the MRL. Conclusion: This method has been proven accurate, quick, sensitive and suitable for determination of 192 pesticide residues in ginseng.关键词：multi-pesticide residues;Ginseng;gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(GC-MS/MS)6|347|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To establishthequantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS) of 5-O-caffeoyl shikimic acid, engeletin and astilbin of Guizhou red-section Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma, and verify the reliability and accuracy of this method. Method: With astilbin asthestandard substance, the relative correction factors(RCF) of 5-O-caffeoyl shikimic acid and engeletin to astilbin of Guizhou red-section Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma were established by methodological tests. The established RCF was used to calculate the content of 5-O-caffeoyl shikimic acid and engeletin of 22 batches of medicinal samples, compare the results of the one point external standard method and the external standard working curve method, and verify the accuracy and scientificity of QAMS. Result: The RCF of 5-O-caffeoyl shikimic acid and engeletin to astilbin had a good reproducibility and durability. The three methods used to determine the content of 5-O-caffeoyl shikimic acid and engeletin of 22 batches Guizhou red-section Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma showed no significant difference(RSD<4.0%). The determination results of 5-O-caffeoyl shikimic acid, engeletin and astilbin were different, which were in the range of 0.106 3%-2.692%, 0.031 29%-0.677 1%, 0.581 2%-4.897%. Conclusion: The QAMS is accurate and reliable, which can be used to evaluate the multi-componentquality ofGuizhou redsection SmilacisGlabraeRhizoma.关键词：quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS);Guizhou red-section SmilacisGlabraeRhizoma;5-O-caffeoyl shikimic acid;astilbin;engeletin10|174|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To analyze the suitable evaluation method of isoflavones in Semen Sojae Preparatum(SSP), in order to analyze the scientificity of the method in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Method:Based on the principle of fermentation, the differences of various analysis methods of isoflavone from SSP were analyzed; and HPLC method was used for the determination of daidzein, glycitein and genistein during the fermentation process of the pharmacopoeia group and the control group. Result:The linearity, precision, repeatability and stability of daidzein, glycitein and genistein were all good, with the average sample recoveries of 99.76%, 99.96%, 100.22%.Compared with the pre-fermented samples, the content of glycosides increased significantly in the post-fermented samples in the two groups. The total amount of isoflavone glycosides in the samples of the pharmacopoeia group was significantly better than that of the control group. With the 15-days post-fermentation as the end of fermentation, the content of isoflavone glycosides can reach about 1 212.23 μg·g-1. Conclusion: Since the previous dynasties, the production standard of SSP has been focused on full fermentation. According to the analysis of fermentation principle, the total molar mass of isoflavones in the fermentation process of SSP was unchanged or slightly decreased, and the content of isoflavone aglucones was significantly increased. The HPLC method was used to directly quantify the isoflavone compounds with a higher bioactivity, which was simple and highly sensitive and accurate. With the suitable standard established, it was effective to control the quality of SSP. SSP fermented by the pharmacopoeia method shows a better quality.关键词：Semen Sojae Preparatum;isoflavones;HPLC;fermented material;systematic error6|296|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To develop a method for determination of monosaccharide compositions of Dendrobium by high performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD), and conduct principal component clustering analysis. Method: The hydrolysis conditions of polysaccharide were screened by single factor experiment, and then DIONEX-ICS-5000+ ion chromatography was used for detection and gradient elution. Finally, 20 species of dendrobium were analyzed by principal component clustering analysis. Result: The 7 kinds of monosaccharide (mannose, rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, xylose, fructose, and lactose) could be separated within 15 min with HPACE-PAD method, and the precision, stability, repeatability and accuracy of the established method were well-validated, RSD<5.0%. The recovery rate of each component was 141.95% with RSD of 3.4%. The results of monosaccharide components analysis showed that the difference of monosaccharide components was significant; the maximum difference was 961 times, and the minimum difference was 38.5 times. All of 20 species of dendrobium contained mannose, rhamnose, arabinose, glucose and xylose, but fructose and lactose were not detected in D. thyrsiflorum, Flickingeria albopurpurea and D. heterocarpum; fructose was not detected in D. longicornu and D. brymerianum; and lactose was not detected in D. exile, D. jenkinsii and D. crepidatum. By the method of principal component clustering analysis, D. officinale, D. chrysotoxum, D. nobile, D. aurantiacum, D. jenkinsii, D. crepidatum, D. brymerianum, D. longicornu, D. heterocarpum, D. pulchellum, F. albopurpurea, and D. exile were clustered into one class, as the content of the monosaccharide components was low in these species, and relatively high in the other dendrobium species. Conclusion: The established HPAEC-PAD method has high sensitivity, good reproducibility, easy processing of samples, accurate analysis and convenient use of instrument, so it can be used for component determination in Dendrobium monosaccharide or other plant monosaccharide, providing reference for the quality control of polysaccharides in dendrobiums. Through the component analysis, it also provides key points in the selection and breeding of high-polysaccharide germplasm.关键词：HPAEC-PAD;Dendrobiums monosaccharide;principal component analysis;Dendrobium6|387|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Buyang Huanwu Tang(BYHWT) on the vulnerable plaques in atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice with high-fat diet. Method:The 8-week-old ApoE-/- mice were fed with high-fat diet for 12 weeks to reproduce the atherosclerosis(AS) vulnerable plaque model, and C57/BL-6J mice were used as normal control group and given normal drinking water. A total of four mice were randomly selected to make pathological sections of the brachiocephalic arteries and the aortic arch. The successful modeling was verified by calculating the plaque area and its vulnerability index. 72 ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into the following groups:model group, low-dose BYHWT group:5 g·kg-1 BYHWT for 8 weeks, middle-dose BYHWT group:10 g·kg-1 BYHWT for 8 weeks, high-dose BYHWT group:20 g·kg-1 BYHWT for 8 weeks, autophagy inducer group:rapamycin 4 mg·kg-1 for 8 weeks, control group:continue to give normal diet drinking water. After 8 weeks, the mice were put to death, and the thoracic aorta was dissociated to the end of the abdominal aorta. Some prepared vascular tissue samples were used for the determination of the vulnerability index of the plaque.PCR analysis and Western blot were used to analyze the formation of autophagosomes. Result:ApoE-/- mice were fed with high-fat diet for 16 weeks to successfully induce the AS vulnerable plaque model. The model group showed obvious AS plaque formation. The index of plaque vulnerability was significantly higher than that in the normal group (P<0.01). Each dose of BYHWT significantly reduced the plaque area, and the index of vulnerability was decreased to some extent compared with that of model group (P<0.05). The levels of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-1, MMP-2 and MMP-3 mRNA in the model group were significantly higher than those in the blank group. The levels of MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-3 mRNA in different doses of BYHWT and rapamycin group were significantly lower than those in model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The level of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ in the model group was significantly lower than that in the blank group; compared with the model group, different doses of BYHWT and rapamycin group significantly increased LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ level(P<0.05). Conclusion:BYHWT can reduce the area of AS plaque, decrease the expression of matrix metalloproteinase in blood vessel, and regulate macrophage autophagy in plaque, thus reducing the vulnerability index of plaque and improving the stability of AS plaque.关键词：Buyang Huanwu Tang;atherosclerosis;vulnerable plaque;autophagy;matrix metalloproteinase8|348|12更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To discuss the effect of Qingzao Jiufei Tang on the lung cancer cells proliferation related production of glycolysis lactic acid in Lewis-bearing mice, and investigate its possible mechanism. Method: 50 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into model group, chemotherapy group, high, medium and low dose Qingzao Jiufei Tang groups, n=10 in each group. Animal models were induced with the right subaxillary injection of Lewis cells, and Qingzao Jiufei Tang groups started medication two weeks before modeling (11, 5.5, and 2.75 g·kg-1·d-1); in chemotherapy group, drug was given by intraperitoneal injection at 50 mg·kg-1·(2 d)-1; same volume of saline was given by intragastric administration after two weeks of drug administratio. After 14 d modeling, the mice were killed and tumors were weighed. The protein expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α and cancer-myc(C-myc) were detected by Western blot method, and lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDH-A) activity was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result: As compared with model group, the tumor weight, lactic acid content were significantly reduced(P<0.01), and the protein expression of C-myc in lung cancer cells and LDH-A activity were reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01) in Qingzao Jiufei Tang high dose group, medium dose group, low dose group and chemotherapy group(P<0.01);the protein expression of HIF-1α was significantly reduced in Qinzao Jiufei Tang high and medium dose groups and chemotherapy group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Qingzao Jiufei Tang can inhibit the proliferation of Lewis mice lung cancer cells by inhibiting the expression of HIF-1α protein, down-regulating C-myc protein, reducing the activity of LDH-A and reducing the production of lactic acid in lung cancer cells.关键词：Qingzao Jiufei Tang;lung cancer;glycolysis;lactate dehydrogenase-A(LDH-A);lactic acid;hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein;C-myc protein7|246|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To compare the activities of different processed products of Plantaginis Semen on membranous nephropathy rats. Method: Different processed products of Plantaginis Semen were extracted by heating reflux. The improved Border method was used to establish a model of membranous nephropathy in rats using bovine serum albumin (C-BAS). The 24 h urinary protein quantitative (UTP), serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), total protein (TP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) in the rats in the 6th weekend were tested. The renal pathological morphology changes were observed under electron microscope, and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, cell factor of interleukin (IL)-1β, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 were detected by immunohistochemical methods. Result: Compared with the blank group, the contents of urinary proteins, kidney exponents, biochemistry indexes in serum, immune cytokines in model group were significantly different (P<0.01), with obvious pathological changes of kidney. Compared with the model group, the contents of urinary proteins and kidney exponents in benazepril group, three salt-processed groups and high-dose crude Plantaginis Semen group were lower (P<0.05, P<0.01), the changes of biochemistry indexes in serum were obvious (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the pathological changes of kidney were significantly improved in benazepril group, three salt-processed groups and high-dose crude Plantaginis Semen group; the expressions of four immune cell cytokines were lower (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the high-dose crude Plantaginis Semen group, the contents of urinary proteins in benazepril group, high and middle-dose salt-processed groups were lower (P<0.05, P<0.01), the kidney exponents in benazepril group and high-dose salt-processed group were lower (P<0.05). BUN, SCr, TC, TG in benazepril group, and high and middle-dose salt-processed groups were lower (P<0.05, P<0.01), only BUN in low-dose salt-processed group was lower (P<0.05), TP in benazepril group, high and middle-dose salt-processed groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). Expressions of four biochemistry indexes in serum in benazepril group were significantly lower (P<0.01). Compared with the high-dose crude Plantaginis Semen group, expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β in salt-processed groups were lower (P<0.01), expressions of TGF-β1, NF-κB p65 in high-dose salt-processed group were lower (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: The renal protection and immune regulating factor of salt-processed Plantaginis Semen were better than those of crude groups in membranous nephropathy rats. The material basis and pharmacology mechanism of salt-processed Plantaginis Semen were studied in further studies based on current results.关键词：Plantaginis Semen;different processed products;membranous nephropathy;Border method;kidney exponent;immunohistochemical staining8|225|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Guizhi Fuling Wan in inhibiting the human breast cancer MCF-7 cell by observing its effect on MCF-7 cells and detecting the changes of cell cycle and protein expressions. Method:The human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were cultured in vitro, and 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu, 25 mg·L-1) was used as a positive control medicine to detect the effect of Guizhi Fuling Wan culture on inhibiting the proliferation of the cells under different duration and different doses with the method of 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT). Guizhi Fuling Wan cultures (1.8, 2.7 g·L-1) were used for treatment for 48 h. Then the cell cycles was measured by flow cytometry (FCM) in 5-fu group and Guizhi Fuling Wan culture groups; mRNA expression levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), CyclinA2 and cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk2) were detected by Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR), and their protein expression levels were detected by Western blot. Result: Guizhi Fuling Wan can inhibit the proliferation of the human breast cancer MCF-7 cell in a time-dose dependent manner (P<0.05). As compared with blank control group, the number of S phase cells was increased significantly after treatment by 1.8, 2.7 g·L-1 Guizhi Fuling Wan for 48 h (P<0.05); the mRNA expression levels of EGFR, Cdk2 and CyclinA2 were significantly reduced (P<0.01); and the protein expression levels of EGFR and Cdk2 were also decreased (P<0.05); however, the expression of CyclinA2 was only deceased in 2.7 g·L-1 group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Guizhi Fuling Wan can inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cell in S phase which possiblly related to the expression of CyclinA2, Cdk2 and EGFR mRNA and their proteins.关键词：breast cancer;Guizhi Fuling Wan;cell cycle;epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR);cyclin-dependent kinase(Cdk2);CyclinA210|239|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Ziyin Anshen prescription (ZYASP) on the experimental menopause model rats and normal mice, and provide experimental basis for the clinical application of ZYASP. Method: The menopause rats models were established by ovary removal method, and were then randomly divided into the menopause model group, the ZYASP high, middle, low-dose (10, 5, 2.5 g·kg-1) groups, the estradiol valerate 0.09 mg·kg-1 group, and the Gengnian'an tablet (GNAT) 0.48 g·kg-1 group; another sham operation group was also set; with 12 rats in each group. After intragastric administration for 30 days, plasma follicle stimulation hormone (FSH), luteotropic hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) in rats were measured by radioimmunoassay, and the thickness of endometrium was measured by light microscope. The female ICR mice were randomly divided into normal control group, ZYASP high, middle, low-dose (16.69, 8.34, 4.17 g·kg-1) groups and diazepam 0.001 mg·kg-1 group, with 12 mice in each group. After intragastric administration for 7 days, intraperitoneal injection of napental (0.03 g·kg-1) was performed, and the number of mice with disappearance of righting reflex and the latency time of sleep were recorded. The female ICR mice were randomly divided into normal control group, ZYASP high, middle, low-dose(16.69, 8.34, 4.17 g·kg-1) groups and the prozac (0.03 g·kg-1) group, with 12 mice in each group. After intragastric administration for 7 days, the tail suspension experiment was performed, and the accumulative immobile time of the last 4 min was recorded. Result: As compared with sham operation group, the plasma FSH was significantly increased (P<0.01); E2 was significantly decreased (P<0.05); and the thickness of endometrium was decreased significantly (P<0.01) in model group. As compared with the model group, E2 level in rat plasma and endometrial thickness of ZYASP groups and estradiol valerate group, and GNAT group showed increases to certain degrees, and the plasma FSH level can be reduced by ZYASP high and middle-dose groups. In the mice behavior experiment, high-dose ZYASP and diazepam could significantly increase the sleep rate of the hypnotic mice with subthreshold dose of napental (P<0.05, P<0.01); at the same time, the low-dose ZYASP and prozac could significantly shorten the accumulative immobile time of the tail suspension test mice (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: ZYASP can improve the level of plasma E2, reduce FSH level, and increase the endometrial thickness in menopausal rats, with certain hypnotic and antidepressant effect.关键词：Ziyin Anshen prescription;climacteric syndrome;pharmacodynamics;ovary removal rat model;plasma hormone levels;uterine pathology;behavioral6|211|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Guiqi Congzhi decoction and its disassembled prescription on expressions of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the hippocampus area of vascular dementia rats. Method: A vascular dementia rat model was established through permanent ligation of bilateral carotid arteries. After being weighed, 10 rats were selected as the sham operated group according to the random principle. The remaining 90 rats were used for modeling, 54 eligible rats were randomly divided into 6 groups after successfully modeling:model group, positive drug control group, Guiqi Congzhi decoction group, Huoxue Tongluo group (the disassembled prescription group 1), Huatan Jiedu group (the disassembled prescription group 2), invigorating Qi and nourishing blood group (the disassembled prescription group 3), with 9 rats in each group. Drugs were administered to the rats through gastric perfusion once a day for 4 weeks. Then the behaviors of all of the rats were detected by Morris water maze, the morphological changes in hippocampal neurons were detected by hematoxylineosin(HE) staining, the expressions of HIF-1α, VEGF and HO-1 mRNA and protein in hippocampus were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(Real-time PCR) and Western blot. Result: After 4 weeks of treatment, compared with sham-operation group, the average escape latency period prolonged significantly and the number of cross-platforms were distinctly decreased in model group rats (P<0.05), and the expressions of HIF-1α, VEGF, HO-1 mRNA and protein in hippocampus of model rats were significantly increased (P<0.05), suggesting that the damage of hippocampal nerve cells was serious in model group rats according to HE staining; compared with the model group, the escape latencies of the Guiqi Congzhi decoction group and the control group were significantly shortened, and the number of cross-platforms was significantly increased (P<0.05), the expressions of HIF-1α, VEGF, HO-1 mRNA and protein in the hippocampus of Guiqi Congzhi decoction group and positive control group rats were significantly increased (P<0.05), suggestting that the damage of hippocampal nerve cells was alleviated in Guiqi Congzhi decoction group and control group. Conclusion: The Guiqi Congzhi decoction group show better learning and memory abilities than those of the disassembled prescription groups, and its mechanism of action may be related to up-regulation of HIF-1α, VEGF, and HO-1 factors, alleviation of oxidative stress, and initiation of damage repair in the brain.关键词：vascular dementia;Guiqi Congzhi decoction;hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α);vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF);haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1)6|186|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the effects of Xiao Xumingtang (XXMT) on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)and glial cellderived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)expression levels after acute cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Method: A total of 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham operation group (Sham), model group (IR), and XXMT low dose, middle dose and high dose groups (15, 30, 60 g·kg-1·d-1). The Drugs were given from 3 days efore modeling to the end of observation nodes. Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury models were established by using middle cerebral artery occlusion. Then the pathological changes were estimated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Nissl staining at 24 h after reperfusion. BDNF and GDNF expression levels after cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury were quantitatively determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Result: The results indicated that XXMT middle and high dose (30, 60 g·kg-1·d-1) treatment significantly improved neurologic impairment (P<0.05), reduced ischemic injury, and up-regulated the expression levels of BDNF and GDNF as compared with IR group(P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings indicated that XXMT treatment may exert the neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia by up-regulating expression levels of BDNF and GDNF.关键词：Xiao Xumingtang;acute cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury;brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF);glial cellderived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)9|290|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Jianpi Yifei prescription on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) protein and inflammatory factors expression in hSOD1-G93A transgenic mice. Method: Twenty-four SPF class 8 weeks old hSOD1-G93A transgenic mice were randomly divided into model group, low concentration Jianpi Yifei prescription group (2.86 g·kg-1), medium concentration Jianpi Yifei prescription group (5.72 g·kg-1), and high concentration Jianpi Yifei prescription group (11.44 g·kg-1), n=6 in each group. 6 normal SPF class wild mice of 8 weeks old were selected as normal group. The mice in model group and normal group were given with normal saline, while different concentrations of Jianpi Yifei prescription was given in the treatment groups once a day, for continuously 120 days. The activation of spinal cord microglia, p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK protein fluorescence intensity karyoplasmic ratio were detected by immunofluorescence (IF), and Western blot (WB) was used to detect the protein expression levels of p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Result: As compared with normal group, the activation number of microglia was increased significantly in model group and the low concentration Jianpi Yifei prescription group (P<0.05, P<0.01); the fluorescence intensity karyoplasmic ratio of p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK was increased significantly(P<0.01). As compared with model group, the number of microglia activation and the proportion of the total number was significantly reduced in the medium and high concentration Jianpi Yifei prescription groups (P<0.01); and the fluorescence intensity karyoplasmic ratio of p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK was significantly reduced (P<0.01). As compared with normal group, the protein expression levels of p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, COX-2, and TNF-α were significantly increased in model group and the low concentration Jianpi Yifei prescription group (P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared with model group, the protein expression levels of p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, COX-2, and TNF-α were significantly reduced in the high, medium concentration Jianpi Yifei prescription groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: Jianpi Yifei prescription may inhibit p38 MAPK protein phosphorylation by mediating p38 MAPK pathway, and plays a neuroprotective role through inhibiting the activation of microglia in a concentration-dependent manner and down-regulating the expression of p38 MAPK protein and inflammatory factors.关键词：Jianpi Yifei prescription;hSOD1-G93A transgenic mouse;inflammatory factors;p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK)15|196|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of astragaloside on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats and its mechanism by forkhead box O3a(FoxO3a)/Wnt2/β-catenin signal pathway. Method: Female SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:shamed operation group, positive control group (Nilestriol, 1.5 mg·kg-1), model group, low, middle and high-dose astragaloside groups (20, 40, 80 mg·kg-1) (n=8). The animal model of osteoporosis in postmenopausal rats was replicated through bilateral ovariectomy. After 6 weeks, the drugs were given by gavage once a day for 8 weeks. The serum contents of bone gla protein(BGP), calcitonin(CT), osteoprotegerin(OPG), receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand(RANKL), malondialdehyde(MDA), catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kits; bone mineral density(BMD) in lumbar spine and lumbar vertebra was tested by double energy X rays(DEXA), and bone biomechanical properties were analyzed by three point bending test. The expressions of β-catenin, FoxO3a, Wnt2, p66shc, p-p66shc were measured by Western blot. Result: Compared with the model group, the levels of CT and OPG were significantly decreased, while BGP and RANKL were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the astragaloside groups. astragaloside significantly elevated BMD in lumbar spine and lumbar vertebra (P<0.05), and the maximum load and maximum stress of tibia (P<0.01).Meanwhile, the content of MDA was significantly decreased (P<0.05), whereas the levels of CAT, SOD and GSH-PX were increased. Western blot showed that astragalloside significantly reduced p-p66shc/p66shc (P<0.05), inhibited the expression of FoxO3a (P<0.01) and increased β-catenin and Wnt2 (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Astragaloside can effectively relieve osteoporosis induced by oxidative stress in ovariectomized rats, which may be related to the regulation of FoxO3a/Wnt2/β-catenin pathway.关键词：astragaloside;osteoporosis;ovariectomized rats;forked boxO3a(FoxO3a)/Wnt2/β-catenin pathway8|482|18更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the protective effect of Chaenomelis Fructus extracts on neurological function in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI), and explore its possible mechanism. Method: SCI rat model was prepared and was divided into sham operation group (Sham group), model group (SCI group), Chaenomelis Fructus alcohol extracts treatment group (Pap group), recombinant high mobility group histone B1(HMGB1)treatment group (rHMGB1 group), and recombinant HMGB1+ Chaenomelis Fructus extracts treatment group (rHMGB1+Pap group) according to the treatment methods. Rat hindlimb motor function was evaluated by Basso Beattie Bresnahan(BBB)score; water content in spinal cord tissue was detected to assess the spinal cord edema; Histological evaluation was performed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The levels of interleuki-1β(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and interleuki-6(IL-6) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to detect the apoptosis of spinal cord cells. The protein expression levels of HMGB1, Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, and their mRNA expression levels were detected by real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). Cysteine aspartate-specific protease-3(Caspase-3) was detected by Western blot. Result: As compared with the Sham group, the BBB score of the SCI group was significantly lower (P <0.05); spinal cord tissue was loose in SCI group and rHMGB1 group, showing histological damage of neutrophil infiltration; and histological damage was significantly improved in Pap group and rHMGB1+Pap group. As compared with Sham group, the water content in spinal cord tissue, mRNA and protein expression levels of HMGB1, TLR4, NF-κB p65 mRNA and protein, and IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α levels, count of apoptosis-positive cells, and Caspase-3 protein expression level were significantly increased in SCI group (P<0.05). The water content in spinal cord tissue, mRNA and protein expression levels of HMGB1, TLR4, NF-κB p65 mRNA and protein, and IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α levels, count of apoptosis-positive cells, and Caspase-3 protein expression level in Pap and rHMGB1+Pap group were significantly lower than the SCI group (P<0.05). The water content in spinal cord tissue, mRNA and protein expression levels of HMGB1, TLR4, NF-κB p65 mRNA and protein, and IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α levels, count of apoptotic-positive cells and Caspase-3 protein expression level in rHMGB1+Pap group were significantly lower than those in rHMGB1 group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion: Chaenomelis Fructus extracts can induce spinal cord tissue repair and motor function recovery by inhibiting the activation of HMGB1, TLR4, NF-κB p65 signaling pathway, reducing the inflammatory response after SCI and reducing the apoptosis of spinal cord tissue.关键词：Chaenomelis Fructus extracts;spinal cord injury;high mobility group histone B1 (HMGB1);Toll-like receptor 4;transcription factor-κB7|246|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To preliminarily investigate whether the hepatotoxicity of Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma is associated with cytisine (CYT) by researching the hepatotoxicity of CYT in vivo and in vitro. Method: AML12 liver cells were cultured and employed as an in vitro model for hepatotoxicity. Cell viability of CYT was detected with a cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. After various final concentrations of CYT (6, 10, 14 mmol·L-1) were added and treated for 3, 6, 12 and 24 h, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in culture medium were measured. In the acute toxicity study, mice were administered with CYT by gavage at doses of 0, 24.8, 33.1, 44.2, 58.9, 78.5 mg·kg-1, respectively. In the sub-chronic toxicity study, male mice were divided into three groups and orally treated with ultrapure water (11.2 mg·kg-1 CYT and 14.0 mg·kg-1 CYT) for 90 days. At the end of administration, the mice were anaesthetized for collecting serum and testing biochemical indicators, including ALT, AST, TBIL, LDH. Result: The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of CYT was the 15.17 mmol·L-1. Since the treatment with 14 mmol·L-1 for 6 h, LDH release robustly increased, peaked at 12 h (P<0.05, P<0.01), and declined at 24 h (P<0.01). Furthermore, in cells treated with 14 mmol·L-1 CYT, the levels of LDH started to significantly increase at 6 h at the earliest (P<0.01), peaked at 12 h (P<0.01), and declined thereafter (P<0.01). However, 6, 10, 14 mmol·L-1 CYT were found to have no effect on TBIL release. In the acute toxicity, median lethal dose (LD50) of CYT was 48.16 mg·kg-1 and belonged to grade 2 in the globally harmonized system of classification and labeling of chemicals (GSH). In the sub-chronic toxicity, compared with the blank control group, no significant change in ALT and LDH levels was observed in CYT treated mice. Although animals treated with 14.0 mg·kg-1 CYT showed lower AST (P<0.05) and higher TBIL (P<0.05), these findings were unable to be correlated with the changes of enzyme activities induced by liver injury, since these parameters were within the background data range of our laboratory. There were no significant change in histopathological examination compared with control and CYT treated mice in the liver. This results may be related to the facts that half of the mice died in 14.0 mg·kg-1 CYT treated group, which led to a decrease in the samples of biochemistry and hepatic histopathological examination. Conclusion: CYT belongs to the grade 2 toxic substance of GSH in oral acute toxicity. It has hepatocyte toxicity in vitro, but the hepatotoxicity in vivo and whether belonging to the hepatotoxic ingredient of radix Sophorae tonkinensis still needs to be further studied.关键词：cytisine;hepatotoxicity;mice;AML12 liver cells8|296|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To reveal the molecular mechanism of Yinxing Mihuan oral solution for coronary heart disease and anxiety. Method: The effective ingredients in Yinxing Mihuan oral solution were obtained from Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), and thetarget genes of coronary heart disease and anxiety were obtained from Human Phenotype Ontology(HPO) and Disease Connect.STRING database was used to build thetarget gene networks of the effective components in Yinxing Mihuan oral solution and coronary heart disease and anxiety. The Gene_Ontology(GO)biological process functions and targeted Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathways of the gene networks of the drug and the two diseases were compared by DAVID bioinformatic software 6.7. Result: The target gene network of Yinxing Mihuan oral solution had 32 genes, such as phos-phatase and tensin homolog(PTEN), interleukin(IL)-10, Smad3, 557 GO functions, such asregulation of biological, qualitylipid homeostasis and homeostatic process; 20 KEGG pathways were overlapped with coronary heart disease; 16 genes, such as sequestosome 1(SQSTM1), super oxide dismutase(SOD1), paraoxyphosphatase 1(PON1), 260 GO functions, such as developmental process, cellular component organization, sensory perception of sound, and 10 KEGG pathways were overlapped with anxiety disorders.Literatures verified that 10 pathways were associated with coronary heart disease and 4 pathways were associated with anxiety. Conclusion: Yinxing Mihuan oral solution may play a therapeutic effect on coronary heart disease and anxiety by intervening MAPK signaling pathway.关键词：coronary heart disease;anxiety disorders;Yinxing Mihuan oral solution;network pharmacology8|506|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To explore the antipyretic mechanism of Guizhitang and its effective components based on network pharmacology. Method: The structure of components in Guizhitang was predicted by ChemDraw Ultra 9.0.The targets of these components were searched by Swiss Target Prediction database. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis(IPA) software was used for seeking fever-related targets. The common pathways of components inGuizhitang and fever related targets wereanalyzed also by IPA software. The effective components were found through the Guizhitang components-target-pathway network built by Cytoscape software. Result: The Guizhitang components-target-pathway network was built. Theantipyretic effect of Guizhitang was found to be correlated with the following 6 pathways, namely G protein-coupled receptor signal, cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)-mediated signal transduction, Gαs signal, Gαi signal, adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK) signal and melatonin degradation. Paeonimetabolin I and cAMP were identified as antipyretic related components in Guizhitang. Conclusion: Based on the network pharmacology, relevant pathway of theantipyretic effect of Guizhitang is discussed. Paeonimetabolin I and cAMP may be related to theantipyretic effect in the blood components of Guizhitang. However, the findings are mainly based on chemical prediction, which needs further experimental verification.关键词：Guizhitang;antipyretic;network pharmacology;mechanism;effective23|959|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：The Python programming language and R statistical analysis software were used to systematically analyze the non-toxic botanical formulas for diabetes from the Qing dynasty and previous dynasties and summarize their prescription rules to guide clinical application for diabetes. The statistical results showed that non-toxic botanical formulas for diabetes focused on Qi-supplementing, Yin-tonifying and heat-clearing herbs, indicating the basic pathogenesis of diabetes:Qi-Yin deficiency and dryness-heat. Diabetes is a complex disease with a variety of complications, which correspond with different syndromes and pathogenesis from traditional Chinese medicine perspective. It had different syndromes and complications such as anorexia due to spleen-deficiency, polyuria caused by kidney Yang deficiency, polydipsia resulted from lung-stomach dryness-heat, thirsty induced by excessive stomach heat, vexing heat in the limbs caused by blood and fluid deficiency, cough caused by lung-kidney Yin deficiency and hyperactivity of deficient fire, edema caused by Qi deficiency and impairment of both Qi and Yin. The prescription rules and new prescriptions obtained through cluster analysis were based on the syndrome differentiation, providing new ideas and evidence for properly selecting and modifying formulas to achieve the optimal therapeutic effects.关键词：diabetes;ancient formula;non-toxic botanical herb;prescription rules11|186|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To explore the efficacy of modified Ditantang in treating the acute ischemic stroke and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) phlegm and stasis syndrome in young and middle-aged patients. Method: A total of 140 eligible patients were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, with 45 cases in each group. The control group was treated with piracetam tablet, and modified Ditantang and alprazolam tablet were provided to the treatment group. One course of treatment was 2 months. Scores of the athens insomnia scale (AI), the simple intelligence screening scale (MMSE), the USA national institutes of health neural function defect scale stroke scale scores (NIHSS), the acute ischemic stroke and OSAHS phlegm and stasis syndrome on the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation scale in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Serum hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), homocysteine (Hcy), C-reactive protein (CRP) were detected before and after treatment. The sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (AHI), low blood oxygen saturation (LSaO2), medium blood oxygen saturation (MSaO2), oxygen detection index (ODI) were monitored for 7 hours. The total effective rate and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the 2 groups. Result: The 65 cases were assayed in control group, and 68 cases were assayed in treatment group. The total effective rate of the treatment group was 97.06%, which was higher than 78.46% of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of the AI, MMSE, NIHSS, TCM scale in treatment group improved significantly (P<0.05) in two groups. Serum 5-HT, NE, HCY and CRP in treatment group were better than those of control group (P<0.05). The treatment group showed better AHI, LSaO2, MSaO2 and ODI for 7 hours than control group (P<0.05). The safety in the western medicine group was better than that of the control group. Conclusion: Modified Ditantang can effectively treat the acute ischemic stroke and OSAHS phlegm and stasis syndrome in young and middle-aged patients, and reduce the adverse reaction of piracetam tablets. Its mechanism may be correlated with the changes in serum 5-HT, NE, HCY, CRP and AHI, LSaO2, MSaO2 and ODI index during sleep.关键词：modified Ditantang;acute ischemic stroke;obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS);phlegm and stasis syndrome9|183|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Gandou decoction combined with sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate in treatment of cognitive impairment of patients of Wilson's disease (WD). Method: Totally 85 WD patients were collected and divided into two groups. One group was administered with Gandou decoction combined with sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate, and the other group was given sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate for four courses. The clinical and laboratory parameters were compared at the baseline and the fourth course. Result: After 4 courses of treatment, patients in two groups showed obvious efficacy in improving cognitive function, and the score of Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) in treatment group increased more obviously; among the 8 sub-items of MoCA scale, the executive capability and the linguistic function increased more obviously; the cognitive function-related index superoxide dismutase(SOD) was increased obviously in both groups, and the treatment group was superior to control group in this aspect. In addition, the level of index superoxide dismutase(SOD); homocysteine(Hcy) was significantly decreased in treatment group, but with no obvious change in control group. The 24-hour urinary was also changed obviously in treatment group compared with control group; adverse reaction was reported, which showed obvious difference between two groups. Conclusion: The regimen of Gandou decoction combined with sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate is an effective therapy for WD patients with cognitive impairment.关键词：Wilson's disease (WD);Gangdou decoction;sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate (DMPS);Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA);superoxide dismutase(SOD);homocysteine (Hcy);urinary8|179|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To discuss the clinical efficacy of addition and subtraction therapy of Longdan Xiegan Tang combined with acupuncture for herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) with syndrome of exuberance of liver fire and observe its regulation effect on immune inflammatory factors. Method: One hundred and twenty patients with HSK were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table. Both groups received local antiviral treatment. Patients in control group (56 cases and 59 eyes) received acupuncture, 1 time/day, 6 times/week. Based on the treatment in control group, the patients in observation group (55 cases and 58 eyes) got addition and subtraction therapy of Longdan Xiegan Tang, 1 dose/day. The treatment was continued for 4 weeks in both groups. Before and after treatment, the main symptoms, signs, visual examination and fluorescent staining to corneal were detected and healing index of lesion surface were calculated. In addition, the levels of T cell subgroups (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+), natural killer cells (NK), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) were detected. Result: After treatment, the scores of main symptoms and signs in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the ameliorate of vision was superior to that in control group; rate of vision recovery in observation group was 77.59%, higher than 57.63% in control group (χ2=5.313, P<0.05). In rank sum test, the healing index of lesopm surface in observation group was better than that in control group after treatment (P<0.05), and the clinical efficacy was also superior to that in control group (P<0.05). Levels of NK, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, IL-2 and IFN-γ were all higher than those in control group, while levels of CD8+, IL-10 and NF-κB were lower than those in control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Addition and subtraction therapy of Longdan Xiegan Tang combined with acupuncture has better clinical efficacy than acupuncture alone in the treatment of HSK with syndrome of exuberance of liver fire, and it can also regulate immune inflammation of the body.关键词：herpes simplex keratitis;syndrome of exuberance of liver fire;Longdan Xiegan Tang;acupuncture;immunity;inflammatory factors10|120|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Yunnan Baiyao and Dracon Blood on the wound which is hard to heal after the operation of mixed hemorrhoid and investigate its effects on the levels of matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP-3), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Method: One hundred and sixteen patients were randomly divided into control group (58 cases) and observation group (58 cases) by random number table. After debridement and disinfection, patients in control groups got Shengji Yuhong paste, and in observation group, Yunnan Baiyao and Dracon Blood was applied on the wound, 1-2 times/days. Both groups got the treatment for continuous 14 days. The recovery situation of wound was compared between two groups; histomorphology of the wound was observed, and levels of MMP-3, TIMP-1, VEGF and TGF-β1 were detected before and after treatment. Result: The total effective rate of disease in was 94.83% in observation group, higher than 81.03% in control group (χ2=5.198, P<0.05). At the 7th day after treatment, scores of wound area, granulation tissue of wound, edema degree and wound exudate in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). At the 14th day after treatment, scores of wound area and granulation tissue of wound were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Wound healing time in observation group was (10.75±3.64)days, shorter than (14.85±5.73) days in control group (P<0.01). At the 7th day after treatment, number of fibroblasts, number of new capillaries and wound macrophage ratio in observation group were higher than those in control group (P<0.01). At the 14th day after treatment, number of fibroblasts, number of new capillaries and wound macrophage ratio were lower than those at the 7th day after treatment in both groups, and these three indexes in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Levels of MMP-3, VEGF and TGF-β1 in observation group were higher and level of TIMP-1 was lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Yunnan Baiyao and Dracon Blood can promote the recovery of wound, shorten the healing time, change histomorphology of wound and regulate levels of VEGF, TGF-β1 and MMP-3/TIMP-1 to promote the formation of capillary vessels in wound surface, the growth of granulation tissue and repair of epidermis.关键词：mixed hemorrhoid;chronic wound;Yunnan Baiyao;Dracon Blood;matrix metalloproteinases-3;tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1;vascular endothelial growth factor;transforming growth factor-β16|169|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Huoxue powder is a proved recipe of Mr. Du Zi-ming, a famous veteran doctor of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) at Guang'anmen Hospital. The main effect is to warm channels to dispel cold dampness, promote blood circulation and relieve pain. In clinic, it is widely applied in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and other relevant diseases, with a good efficacy. Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Angelicae Pubescentis Radix are commonly used drugs for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee, and important components of Huoxue powder. With Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix as the key words, the authors retrieved relevant research literatures over the past ten years, and retain the literatures related to this article. The clinical and pharmacological studies of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix-Angelicae Pubescentis Radix were reviewed and summarized for analysis. According to the summary and analysis of the literatures, ① Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix can dispel wind and dehumidification, warm meridian and relieve cold and relieve pain, and are effective drugs for the treatment of osteoarthritis of knee. The total effective rate of clinical treatment was above 80%, and the curative effect was remarkable. ② The combined application of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix could help enhance the efficacy, so the clinical efficacy was significantly higher than the single application. The cause may be related to the changes in volatile oil, such as the increase in species and number, and the appearance of new components. This proved that the effect of combined application was better than that of single application. ③Effect of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix topical in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis is reliable. Because Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix contain high content of volatile oil that is suitable for transdermal absorption, it is suitable for external use. Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix play an important role in the clinical application of Huoxue powder, and become important components of Huoxue powder. Huoxue powder is safe, effective and convenient. With the increasing prominence of the problem of drug-induced diseases, the external use of TCM has been paid more and more attention from scholars and experts at home and abroad.关键词：a pair of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM);Huoxue powder;Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix and Angelicae Pubescentis Radix;external use;knee osteoarthritis6|303|1更新时间：2024-01-04
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