最新刊期
卷 24 ， 期 17 ， 2018
- 摘要：Based on the ancient Chinese medical literatures,Qianghuo Shengshitang was systematically analyzed,including its origin and development,in order to provide the ancient literary evidence support for the clinical application and development of classical formulas.Bibliometric analysis were used,information of Qianghuo Shengshitang in ancient Chinese medical literatures were collected and analyzed.There were 206 valid items from 101 kinds of ancient books.Qianghuo Shengshitang was first recorded in Differentiation on Endogenous and Exogenous Diseases (Neiwaishang Bianhuolun,its author is LI Dong-yuan),and it combined by 7 Chinese herbs,and mainly treated a variety of pain diseases (syndromes).Qianghuo Shengshitang has been used since Jin dynasty,doctors in later dynasties follow the prescription in Differentiation on Endogenous and Exogenous Diseases,and the clinical application of this prescription extends in the process of later generations.关键词：classical formulas;Qianghuo Shengshitang;ancient books;literature analysis;attending diseases;dose9|8|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To optimize processing technology of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma processed with Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and establish its HPLC fingerprint. Method:The invigorating spleen and dispelling dryness of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma processed with Aurantii Fructus Immaturus was investigated by model rats with splenasthenic diarrhea,and then the best ratio of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus was screened.Taking overall desirability of contents of synephrine and atractylenolide Ⅲ as index,orthogonal test was employed to optimize processing technology,and HPLC fingerprint of this processed product was established. Result:The best ratio of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma to Aurantii Fructus Immaturus was 9:1.The factors influenced contents of synephrine and atractylenolide Ⅲ were followed by baking temperature > frying temperature > frying time,optimum processing technology of this processed product was as follows:added Aurantii Fructus Immaturus juice 50 mL(crude drug concentration of 0.2 g·mL-1) into 100 g of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma pieces,soaked 24 hours,fried 6 min at 110℃,dried at 40℃ in a oven.Five common peaks were selected in Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma processed with Aurantii Fructus Immaturus.Among the obtained fingerprint,all of the detected peaks were separated effectively.The accuracy,repeatability and stability of this method were satisfied. Conclusion:The invigorating spleen and dispelling dryness of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma processed with Aurantii Fructus Immaturus can reflect the processing characteristics of increasing efficiency and correcting bias.The established HPLC fingerprint can provide reference for the quality control of this processed product.关键词：Aurantii Fructus Immaturus;Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma;Atractylenolide Ⅲ;synephrine;processing with herbal juice;invigorating spleen and dispelling dryness11|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study on the preparation technology of Chuanmingshen buccal tablets and evaluate the physical quality of intermediate particles based on idea of quality by design(QbD). Method:Taking Chuanmingshen extract as the main component,and the single factor experiments were used to screen excipients;and the forming rate,tablet weight difference,hardness,friability and disintegration time were used as indicators to optimize prescription of Chuanmingshen buccal tablets prepared by wet granulation process.Physical indicators in the granules were characterized by micromeritics evaluation method.The physical fingerprint of the granules was constructed by 9 indexes,including relative homogeneity index,interparticle porosity,Carr index,bulk density,tap density,loss on drying,hygroscopicity,Hausner ratio and angle of repose.The physical fingerprint was adopted to evaluate the quality consistency of different batches of Chuanmingshen granules and analyze the compressibility of the granules,and according to the requirements in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the quality of Chuanmingshen buccal tablets was evaluated. Result:The optimum formula was 30% of Chuanmingshen extract,23% of microcrystalline cellulose,46% of lactose,0.7% of magnesium stearate and proper amount of 70% ethanol.The preparation process conditions were as follows:granulated with 16 mesh sieve,dried at 55℃ for 1 h,and unified with 18 mesh sieve for granulation.The similarities of physical fingerprint of five batches of Chuanmingshen granules were >0.944,the compressibility parameters were within acceptable limits,the tablet weight difference and hardness of Chuanmingshen buccal tablets met the requirements. Conclusion:This optimized preparation technology of Chuanmingshen buccal tablets and the physical quality of intermediate particles are scientific and reasonable,which can provide ideas and methods for the research and development of other Chinese medicine buccal tablets.关键词：Chuanminshen buccal tablets;extract;granules;quality by design;physical fingerprint;preparation processing;powder properties7|6|14更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish a new method,internal homogenate method,for cyclodextrin inclusion of volatile oil in Menthae Haplocalycis Herba,and provide a new reference for the selection of inclusion method. Method:In this paper,volatile oil in Menthae Haplocalycis Herba was selected as the model drug.The advantages and disadvantages of saturated aqueous solution method,ball milling method,colloid milling method and internal homogenate method were compared,taking inclusion rate of volatile oil as index,orthogonal design was used to optimize the inclusion process.Thin layer chromatography(TLC),microscopic imaging analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) were employed to characterize the inclusion complex,and GC-MS was used to analyze the components of volatile oil in Menthae Haplocalycis Herba before and after inclusion. Result:The optimum conditions of inclusion process were as follows:ratio of volatile oil in Menthae Haplocalycis Herba to β-cyclodextrin of 1:10,ratio of β-cyclodextrin to water of 1:3,the inclusion time of 5 min,the rotation speed of 3 000 r·min-1;under these conditions,the average inclusion rate was 96.97% with RSD of 1.0%.TLC,microscopic imaging analysis and FT-IR all proved that the inclusion complex have been formed.GC-MS analysis showed that the components of volatile oil in Menthae Haplocalycis Herba were slightly different before and after inclusion,but the main components and their relative percentage were basically the same. Conclusion:The internal homogenate method for preparing inclusion complex has the advantages of high inclusion rate,time saving,energy saving,etc;and it is suitable for industrial production.It is the potential best method for the preparation of inclusion complex,which needs to be further promoted.关键词：internal homogenate method;Menthae Haplocalycis Herba;volatile oil;β-cyclodextrin;inclusion process;pulegone;pinene8|7|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish the methods of HPLC fingerprint and quantitative determination of multi-components of bamboo leaves,the synthetical evaluation for six extraction technologies of bamboo leaves were developed by principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. Method:The optimal conditions of separation and detection were achieved on Diamonsil Plus C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) with linear gradient elution of acetonitrile-0.025% formic acid water solution at a flow rate of 1 mL·min-1.The detection wavelength was 350 nm,the column temperature was 30℃.Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2012 edition) and SPSS 22.0 were used to analyze the data. Result:The content ranges of 4 components(chlorogenic acid,isoorientin,orientin,isovitexin) in six bamboo leaves extract were 0.08-0.30,0.24-1.64,0.26-0.79,0.16-0.79 g·L-1,respectively.A total of 11 common peaks were identified in the HPLC fingerprint and the similarities of the six extract were all >0.89.Six extraction technologies of bamboo leaves were divided into 3 categories according to hierarchical cluster analysis.Two principal components were extracted,whose cumulative contribution rate was 98.9%. Conclusion:The contents of chlorogenic acid,isoorientin,orientin and isovitexin in six bamboo leaves extract have a great difference.Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis complement and support each other,combining with the similarity evaluation,which can be applied to the optimization of extraction technology of bamboo leaves.Meanwhile,the research can provide reference for industrial development of bamboo leaves.关键词：bamboo leaves;extraction technology;principal component analysis;cluster analysis;fingerprint;chlorogenic acid;flavonoid C-glycosides6|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study and set the seed quality grading standard of Polgala tenuifolia. Method:The 1 000-grain weight,water content,germination rate,viability,single grain size,clarity and other indexes were measured and appearance was observed for 29 batches of P. tenuifolia seeds from different areas,and then Excel 2003 and SPSS 20.0 were used for clustering analysis to establish quality grading standards for the seeds. Result:Grade Ⅰ P. tenuifolia seed had a germination rate not less than 77.00%,viability not less than 94.00%,1 000-grain weight not less than 3.10 g,clarity not less than 80.00%,and water content not more than 8.00%. Grade Ⅱ seed had a germination rate of (67.00-77.00)%,viability of (88.00-94.00)%, 1 000-grain weight of 2.80-3.10 g,clarity of (60.00-80.00)%,and water content of (8.00-9.00)%. Grade Ⅲ seed had a germination rate of (55.00-67.00)%, viability less than 88.00%,1 000-grain weight less than 2.80 g, clarity of (48.00-60.00)%,and water content more than 9.00%. Conclusion:Germination rate and viability were the main indicators of quality grading standards,with 1 000-grain weight as an important index,and clarity and water content as reference indexes. This quality classification standard of P. tenuifolia was scientific and practical, providing references for the quality evaluation and artificial cultivation of P. tenuifolia seeds.关键词：Polgala tenuifolia;seeds;quality inspection;quality grading standard6|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study the pollen viability and stigma receptivity of Polygala tenuifolia,so as to provide a scientific basis for sexual reproduction and breeding of new varieties. Method:The pollen viability of different blooming days (the day before flowering,day 1,day 2,day 3,day 4,day 5,day 6,day 7,day 8) were determined by the I2-KI method and the TTC method,and the staining effect of the two staining methods on pollen viability were compared. I2-KI method was used to determine the pollen activity of Polygala tenuifolia pollens in different periods of time,different storage methods (wet preserved flowers and dry preserved flowers) and different storage conditions (4,26,-20,-80℃) in different periods of time (2,4,8,24,48,72 h). And its stigma receptivity was estimated by the benzidine-hydrogen peroxide. Result:①The pollen viability of P. tenuifolia decreased with the rise in the powder loosing time,the highest pollen viability was observed on the 4th day after flowering;②from 8:00 to 18:00 during the daytime,the pollen viability between 10:00 and 16:00 was stronger;③dry pollen can prolong the storage time under the condition of -20℃;④ at the 5th day after flowering,the stigma receptivity was the strongest. Conclusion:Pollen on the 4th day after flowering can be collected, and artificial pollination can be adopted for stigma on the 5th day after flowering stigma artificial pollination,so as to provide a theoretical basis for breeding of P. tenuifolia.关键词：Polygala tenuifolia;pollen viability;stigma receptivity6|7|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To analyze the effects of different concentrations of polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG-6000)solution on 4 germination indexes(germination rate,germination potential,germination index and vitality index)of artificially induced aging seeds of Polygala tenuifolia,and clarify the aging rule of P. tenuifolia seeds during storage and the effects of PEG initiation treatment on the aging seeds. Method:Artificial aging of P. tenuifolia seeds was simulated under the air tight conditions at high temperature(45±1)℃,high humidity(100% relative humidity),and then the aging seeds were treated in 10%,20% and 30% PEG-6000. Result:With the extension of aging treatment time,the above 4 germination indexes of P. tenuifolia seeds showed a gradually decreasing trend,and the seeds with more than 60 h aging time were not germinated;20% PEG 6000 solution had a promoting effect on the germination indexes of the aging P. tenuifolia seeds,close to the normal seed germination indexes. 10% PEG and 30% PEG also had certain priming effect,but the priming effect was not very good. 20% PEG-6000 solution promoted the plant height,root length,above-ground biomass biomass,and below-ground biomass growth of 36 h P. tenuifolia seeds. Conclusion:This study showed that the PEG-6000 solution with different concentrations had certain repair effects on the aging P. tenuifolia seeds,and improved the seeds vigor, but the suitable concentration was different because of the different aging time of the seeds,providing basic data for the application of seed priming technology to the storage of P. tenuifolia seeds.关键词：Polygala tenuifolia;seed;aging;germination index;polyethylene glycol priming8|7|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To develop the quality grading standard of Polgala tenuifolia seedling,and provide a basis for seedling breeding and good agriculture practice of P. tenuifolia. Method:Twenty-seven samples of P. tenuifolia seedling were collected from the main producing area in China and then cultivated in the cultivation base. Fresh weight per plant,dry weight per plant,seedling length,seedling diameter,root length,root diameter,leaf length and leaf width were accurately measured to determine the main indexes for quality grading of P.tenuifolia seedling. K-mean cluster method was used to classify the seedling grading and develop grading standards. Meanwhile, the contents of main active constituents of P. tenuifolia seedling were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Result:Root length,root diameter,seedling length and seedling diameter were the main indexes to evaluate the grading quality of P. tenuifolia seedlings. The fresh weight per plant was an important index to evaluate the quality of P. tenuifolia seedlings,whereas the leaf length was the reference index. Combined with the production practice of P.tenuifolia, P. tenuifolia seedlings from different origins were divided into three grades:the criteria of the grade 1 seedling were as follows:single plant fresh weight ≥ 0.18 g,root length ≥ 12.00 cm,root thick ≥ 0.10 cm,and seedling length ≥ 14.00 cm;the criteria of the grade 2 seedling were as follows:single plant fresh weight 0.10-0.18 g,root length 9.00-12.00 cm,root thick 0.07-0.10 cm,and seedling length 12.00-14.00 cm;the criteria of the Grade 3 seedling were as follows:single plant fresh weight 0.08-0.10 g,root length 8.00-9.00 cm,root thick 0.06-0.07 cm,and seedling length 10.00-12.00 cm. Conclusion:Seedling is the basis to ensure the medicinal quality,so it is recommended to use grade 1 seedling and grade 2 seedling in the artificial cultivation of P. tenuifolia to obtain high output and high quality P. tenuifolia.关键词：Polgala tenuifolia;seedings;quality grading standard8|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To provide reference for the early seedling cultivation of Polygala tenuifolia in saline alkali soil,improve the yield of P. tenuifolia,and promote the efficient utilization of saline alkali soil by studying the germination characteristics of P. tenuifolia seeds under different sodium salt stress conditions. Method:P. tenuifolia seed germination was stressed with the single salt NaCl,Na2CO3,Na2SO4 and mixed salt NaCl+Na2SO4,NaCl+Na2CO3,Na2CO3+Na2SO4,NaCl+Na2CO3 +Na2SO4 salt solution,with distilled water as the control. The number of germination was counted and recorded everyday; the germination potential,germination rate,germination index and vigor index were calculated; the root height,shoot height,fresh weight and dry weight were measured after germination. Result:When the NaCl concentration ≥ 150 mmol·L-1,Na+ mixed salt (NaCl+Na2SO4)concentration ≥ 50 mmol·L-1,Na+ mixed salt(NaCl+Na2CO3)concentration ≥ 100mmol·L-1,Na+ mixed salt(Na2CO3+Na2SO4) concentration ≥ 25 mmol·L-1,Na+ mixed salt(NaCl+Na2CO3+Na2SO4)concentration ≥ 50 mmol·L-1,the germination rate of treatment group was significant lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),significantly inhibiting the germination of seeds.When the Na2CO3 concentration ≥ 5 mmol·L-1,the germination rate of the seed was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),significantly inhibiting the germination of seeds of P. tenuifolia,and the inhibitory effect was gradually increased with the increase of concentration. Conclusion:The results showed that low concentration of NaCl,Na2SO4,NaCl+Na2SO4,NaCl+Na2CO3,Na2CO3 +Na2SO4,NaCl+Na2CO3 +Na2SO4 salt solution had no effect on germination of seeds,but with the increase of concentration,they had obvious inhibitory effect on the germination of seeds. Single salt Na2CO3 solution had the strongest inhibitory effect on seed germination;Na2CO3 ≥ 5 mmol·L-1 had significant inhibitory effecton germination of seeds,and the effect was gradually increasedwith the increase of stress concentration.关键词：Polygala tenuifolia;sodium salt stress;germination7|6|10更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To provide a reference for early seedlingof Polygala tenuifolia and provide theoretical basis for increasing total phenols and total flavonoids through the study on the effects of light quality and intensity on seed germination,seedling physiological characteristics of P. tenuifolia as well as on total phenolics and total flavonoids. Method:Light with quality and intensity was used tointervene the germination of seed and the growth of seeding of P. tenuifolia,and then the germination rate,germination energy, germination index,vigor index,plant height,root length,dry weight,fresh weight,total phenolics and total flavonoids were detected and determined. Result:The germination index and seedling growth index of P. tenuifolia under red light were significantly higher than those of control group,and the total flavonoids content of seedlings under white light was highest,while the total phenols content was highest in red light.The germination rate,germination potential and germination index of seeds of P. tenuifolia were not affected by different light intensity.The light intensity of 300,500 μmol·m-2·s-1 promoted the growth of P. tenuifolia seedlings. The total flavonoids content under the light intensity of 100 μmol·m-2·s-1 was highest,and the total phenols content was highest under the light intensity of 300 μmol·m-2·s-1. Conclusion:The effects of different light quality and intensity on seed germination and seedling growth showed that red light can promote the germination of P. tenuifolia seeds and the growth of P. tenuifolia seedlings; white light could promote the formation of total flavonoids,and red light could promote the production of total phenolics. Light intensity had no effect on seed germination of P. tenuifolia.The illumination intensity of 500 μmol·m-2·s-1 was more suitable for the growth of P. tenuifolia seedlings.The light intensity of 100 μmol·m-2·s-1 was beneficial to the formation of total flavonoids,and the light intensity of 300 μmol·m-2·s-1 was beneficial to the formation of total phenols. Research showed that the effects of light quality and intensity on seedling growth and the content of total flavonoids and total phenolics of P. tenuifolia,may be related to hormones content, but the specific process remained to be verified.关键词：Polygala tenuifolia;light quality;light intensity;germination;total phenolics;total flavonoids6|6|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study the current situations of pesticide residues of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in China,in order to further provide data base for formulating the pesticide residues standard of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Method:A gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometriy(GC-MS/MS) for detecting 144 kinds of pesticide residues and a ultra-high liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for detecting 85 kinds of pesticide residues were established,in order to determine the pesticide residues of the 40 batches of samples collected from Anhui,Shanxi,Henan,Hebei and Sichuan provinces during the fourth national survey on traditional Chinese medicine resources on the basis of the China Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition). SAS 8.2 software was applied in a correlation analysis. Result:Pesticide residues were detected in 20 batches,all of the pesticides were not banned or restricted pesticides. Metribuzin was detected in 19 batches,and trifluralin was detected in 3 batches. A total of 8 batches of samples of content did not reach the requirements of China Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition). Metribuzin,tanshinones and salvianolic acid B had not the correction. Conclusion:In the process of the cultivation of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, pesticides is commonly used. The use of oxalazine/azine has no impact on the production and metabolism of danshenone and danfolic acid B. This study on the current situations of pesticide residues of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in China provides data support and scientific basis for formulating the pesticide residues standard of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.关键词：Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;pesticide residue;safety evaluation;resource survey;tanshinones;salvianolic acid B7|6|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish a characterization method of chemical composition from Bidens frondosa by HPLC-TOF-MS. Method:In accordance with the procedure of construction of chemical composition database-MS data acquisition-database retrieval-mass spectrometry data analysis,the separation was performed on a HALO column,with C18(2.1 mm×150 mm,2.7 μm) as stationary phase. And the mobile phase was water and 0.1% formic acid(A)-acetonitrile(B) for gradient elution. The method of gradient elution:0-10 min,5%-25%B;10-30 min,25%-45%B;30-35 min,45%-70%B;35-45 min,70%-90%B;45-60 min,90%-100%B;60-70 min,100%B. The temperature of column was 25℃,the flow rate was 0.2 mL·min-1, and the injection volume was 5 μL. The composition of B. frondosa was analyzed under positive ion mode. Result:The 24 flavonoid constituents,5 phenylpropanoids,2 organic acids were identified in extraction of B. frondosa. In positive ion mode,chlorogenic acid and its derivatives were ruptured regularly,and produced[quinic acid+H-H2O]+,[caffeoyl+H]+,polyhydroxy acids were dehydrocracked. Flavonoids lost CO,H2O and other fragment ion, and aurones produced the ions of 286,270,230. Conclusion:HPLC-TOF-MS method could be used for fast qualitative analysis of the chemical components in traditional Chinese medicine,and provide the material basis for the characterization of B. frondosa based on mass spectrometry.关键词：Bidens frondosa;chemical composition;HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS;fragmentation pattern6|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To evaluate the quantity of 11 batches of Erzhiwan samples by establishing a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of five characteristic components(specnuezhenide,salidroside,tyrosol,luteolin and wedelolactone) in this preparation. Method:Phenomenex Gemini C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) was employed with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.2% formic acid solution for gradient elution(0-15 min,10%-30%A;15-25 min,30%-33%A;25-30 min,33%A),flow rate was 1 mL·min-1,detection wavelengths were 225 nm and 349 nm,column temperature was set at 30℃. Result:Salidroside,tyrosol,specnuezhenide,luteolin and wedelolactone were well separated with linear ranges of 202.55-12 153,84.55-5 073,244.30-14 657.72,2.56-153.72,2.32-139.2 ng,respectively;their average recovery rates were between 95.61% to 103.47% with RSD<2.0%. Conclusion:This determination of five components is simple,accurate and reproducible for the quality control of Erzhiwan.The contents of these five components in 11 batches of samples are quite different.The content of specnuezhenide in samples is ranged from 0.15 mg·g-1 to 10.22 mg·g-1,which may be caused by the materials,the operative norms and other factors.关键词：Erzhiwan;Ligustri Lucidi Fructus;Ecliptae Herba;specnuezhenide;quality control;wedelolactone8|7|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To explore rapid identification method of Zhaxun and its substitutes and to develop quality assessment method of Zhaxun by near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS) combined with statistical methods. Method:Zhaxun and its substitutes were divided into four grades according to traditional appearance quality classification,the content of fulvic acid in Zhaxun and its substitutes was determined,and its correlation with quality classification was analyzed.The qualitative relationship between quality classification and spectrum was explored by principal component analysis and NIRS.Partial least squares(PLS) was used to establish a quantitative model of NIRS,feasibility of a rapid assessment method for quality of Zhaxun and its substitute was investigated. Result:There was no clear correlation between fulvic acid content and quality classification of Zhaxun;the near infrared spectrum of grade Ⅳ(the substitutes) could be significantly separated from other grades,while the resolutions of near infrared spectrum of grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were not high,but it had a certain variation rules.The determination coefficient(R2) of NIRS model of fulvic acid content in Zhaxun was 80.13%,its root mean square error of cross validation(RMSECV) was 0.047,indicating this model had satisfactory predicted results.The R2,root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP) and relative percent deviation(RPD) of validation set were 11.91%,0.12 and 1.12,respectively;which indicated that the model robustness and resolution were not ideal. Conclusion:NIRS combined with principal component analysis can provide a reference for the rapid identification of Zhaxun and its substitutes.Fulvic acid content can not be used as a criterion for determining quality of Zhaxun.It is necessary to further explore the quality markers to evaluate the quality of Zhaxun.关键词：Zhaxun;fulvic acid;quality classification;near infrared spectroscopy;quantitative model;quality evaluation;principal component analysis8|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the mechanisms of the active fractions from Hedyotidis Herba-Scutellariae Barbatae Herba (YDW11) in inducing apoptosis of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Method:Ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was used to determine the chemical components in the active fractions, and methylthiazoletetrazolium(MTT) assay was used to evaluate the proliferation of cells in vitro. The colony formation assay was used to measure the changes of colony numbers. Flow cytometery combined with apoptosis detection kit was used to measure the ratio of apoptosis cells, and the changes in expression of proteins and signaling pathways were evaluated by Western blot. In addition, UPLC assay was carried out to identify the major constituents in YDW11. Result:The ethyl acetate fractions (YDW11,YDW12, YDW21) of the water extracts of Hedyotidis Herba-Scutellariae Barbatae Herba were prepared with three different ratios (1:1, 1:2 and 2:1). YDW11 had four components:p-hydroxyacetophenone, scutellarin, luteolin and apigenin. By comparing the effect of these three fractions on the in vitro proliferation of normal mammary epithelial cells (10A1) and triple negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231), it was found that YDW11 at 25~50 mg·L-1 had no cytotoxicity to normal breast epithelial cells 10A1, but inhibited the in vitro proliferation of MDA-MB-231 (P<0.01), and the inhibitory effect was stronger than that of YDW12 and YDW21.YDW11 inhibited the proliferation of three triple negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, HS578T, BT549) in a dose and time dependent manner (P<0.05, P<0.01), but it had little effect on the proliferation of MCF-7 in vitro. YDW11 inhibited the colony formation of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner and induced cells apoptosis (P<0.05, P<0.01). YDW11 increased the mRNA and protein expression of p21, and simultaneously inhibited the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) (P<0.05, P<0.01), and reduced the phosphorylation level of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) in mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathway (P<0.05). The phosphorylation expression level of VASP at both Ser157 and Ser239 sites were up-regulated, indicating that cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)signal pathways had been activated by YDW11 treatment (P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion:YDW11(25, 50 mg·L-1) showed the strongest inhibition among fractions extracted from Hedyotidis Herba-Scutellariae Barbatae Herba in different ratios. YDW11 can especially inhibit the proliferation, colony formation and induce cells apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose and time dependent manner without cytotoxicity, elevated the expression of p21 at the mRNA and protein level, suppressed the expression of PCNA and the phosphorylation level of p38, JNK and ERK, and up-regulated the phosphorylation level of VASP at Ser157 and Ser239 sites. YDW11 induced the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231cells partly by activating cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)and inhibiting MAPK signal pathways.关键词：Hedyotidis Herba-Scutellariae Barbatae Herba;triple negative breast cancer;apoptosis;cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP) signal pathway;cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP) signal pathway;mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signal pathway8|6|12更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the effect of Xiaoyaosan on the activity of the Toll-like receptor-4(TLR-4)/TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β(TRIF) signal transduction pathway in liver cells of rats of non-alcoholic fatty hepatitis (NASH) with liver-Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome. Method:Thirty-two SPF grade SD male rats were selected and randomly divided into normal control group, model group, Xiaoyaosan treatment group and glycine treatment group (n=8). Except for the rats in normal control group, which were fed routinely with normal die, the NASH with the liver-Qi stagnation and the spleen deficiency syndrome experimental model were established in the rats of the other 3 groups with the ‘high-glucose and high-fat feed+irregular eating+chronic bondage stimulation’ method for 14 weeks. And then, normal saline, Xiaoyaosan solution (1 g·mL-1) and glycine solution (2.5 g·mL-1) were given by gavage for 4 weeks at the dosage of 2 mL·kg-1·d-1, 3.24 mL·kg-1·d-1 and 2 mL·kg-1·d-1 in model group, Xiaoyaosan treatment group and glycine treatment group, respectively. The syndrome scores of liver-Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency were calculated, and the urine D-xylose excretion rate was detected in all of rats before being put to death, and the liver and brain tissues were extracted under aseptic and low temperature conditions. The content of norepinephrine (NE) and 5-serotonin (5-HT) in brain, the degree of steatosis and inflammatory cell infiltration and activity of TLR-4/TRIF signal transduction pathways in liver were detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), htoxylin eosin(HE) staining and Real-time PCR, western blot technique. Result:Compared with the normal control group, increased syndrome scores of liver-Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome, declined urine D-xylose excretion rate and content of 5-HT and NE in brain, lots of fat vacuoles in hepatocyte cytoplasm and scattered spotty necrosis and inflammatory cells infiltration in hepatic lobular, increased TLR-4, TRIF mRNA and protein expressions in liver could be found in rats of model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, decreased syndrome scores of liver-Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome, elevated urine D-xylose excretion rate and content of 5-HT and NE in brain, alleviated steatosis and inflammatory cell infiltration, declined TLR-4, TRIF mRNA and protein expressions in liver could be found in rats of Xiaoyaosan treatment group and glycine treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Xiaoyaosan could play the role in the treatment of NASH with liver-Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome by dispersing stagnated liver-qi, strengthening spleen and inhibiting activity of TLR-4/TRIF signal transduction pathway.关键词：non-alcoholic fatty hepatitis(NASH);liver-Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome;Xiaoyaosan;Toll-like receptor-4(TLR-4)/TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β,(TRIF);signal transduction pathway6|6|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the effect of Erxiantang on ovariectomized-induced cognitive impairment in rats. Method:Female SD rats were randomly divided into sham group, control group, positive estradiol valerate group (0.8 mg·kg-1·d-1), low-dose Erxiantang group (equivalent raw drug dosage of 12 g·kg-1·d-1), medium-dose Erxiantang group (equivalent raw drug dosage of 8 g·kg-1·d-1), and high-dose Erxiantang group (equivalent raw drug dosage of 4 g·kg-1·d-1). The rats were ovariectomized except for the sham group rats. All of the animals were administered with drugs for 90 days after vaginal smear screening. The cognitive ability of rats was evaluated by the Mirrors water maze test. The contents and active of acetylcholinesterase (AchE), acetylcholinesterase (ChAT), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) of rat cerebral cortex were detected by colorimetry. The expression of estrogen receptor protein in the hippocampus and the cortex regions were detected by Western blot. Result:Compared with the sham-operated group, the escape latency of the model group increased significantly with the rise in the number of trials (P<0.01), the residence time in the original platform quadrant was decreased (P<0.05), the activity of ChAT was decreased (P<0.01), the activity of AchE was increased (P<0.05), and the expression of estrogen receptor α in the cerebral cortex was significantly reduced (P<0.01); compared with the control group, the rats escape latency in control groups was shorten by Erxiantang. The frequency of passing through the original target platform and the ratio of residence time in the original target platform quadrant increased. The activity of ChAT increased significantly, while the activity of AchE decreased. The expression of estrogen receptor α significantly increased (P<0.01). Conclusion:Erxiantang can improve the cognitive impairment in ovariectomized rats, and the mechanism may be related with cholinesterase and estrogen in central nervous system.关键词：Erxiantang;ovariectomized rats;cognitive impairment;drug effect6|6|5更新时间：2024-01-04
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Effect of Tongfengning on IL-1, TNF- and NALP3 Inflammasome in Model Rats with Acute Gouty Arthritis
摘要：Objective:To explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Tongfengning from the perspective of nucleotide binding oligomeric domain-like receptor protein 3(NALP3) inflammasome. Method:A total of 48 SD rats were randomly divided into the model rats (n=36) and the normal rats (n=12). The model rats were injected with 0.2 mL monosodium urate (MSU) suspension through the ankle joint to establish the acute gouty arthritis (AGA) model, while the normal rats were injected with saline at the same location. After the AGA model was established successfully, the model rats were randomly divided into model group, Tongfengning group and colchicine group; saline, Tongfengning liquid and colchicine suspension were administered respectively to the three groups by gavage for 3 days, twice a day. The normal rats were taken as normal group, and administered with the equal volume of saline by gavage at the same time. All of the rats received intraperitoneal anesthesia, and their synovial fluid and tissues were collected in 72 h after successful modeling. Enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot and Real-time PCR technology were used to detect the levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in synovial fluid and the nucleotide binding oligomeric domains-containing protein 3 (NALP3) inflammasome-related protein and mRNA expressions in synovial tissues. Result:Compared with the normal group rats, the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in synovial fluid of the model group were increased, and the expressions of NALP3, cystein-aspartic acid protease-1 (Caspase-1), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) and their mRNA in synovial tissues of the model group were increased (P<0.01); compared with the model group rats, the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α of in synovial fluid of the Tongfengning group and the colchicine group were significantly decreased, and the expressions of NALP3, Caspase-1, ASC protein and mRNA in synovial tissues of the Tongfengning group and the colchicine group were also decreased (P<0.01); compared with the colchicine group rats, the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in synovial fluid of the Tongfengning group were still higher (P<0.05), but the expressions of NALP3, Caspase-1, ASC protein and mRNA in synovial tissues of the Tongfengning group were lower (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion:Tongfengning may have an anti-inflammatory mechanism in treating AGA by inhibiting the expressions of NALP3 inflammasome-related protein and mRNA, so as to decrease the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α and alleviating joint inflammation.关键词：Tongfengning;acute gouty arthritis;nucleotide binding oligomeric domain-like receptor protein 3(NALP3) inflammasome;interleukin-1β(IL-1β);tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)7|5|12更新时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective:To identify the differentially expressed proteins in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetes KKAy mice from the model group and the administration group by nano-LC-LTQ/Orbitrap-MS,and speculate mechanism of couplet medicines of Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma against type 2 diabetes. Method:Twenty male KKAy mice aged 8-10 weeks were used. KKAy mice were given full-fledged high-fat diet and randomly divided into 2 groups,included Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma group(27 g·kg-1) and model group(the same amount of distilled water).Mice in the two groups were continuous intragastric administrated for 8 weeks.After the last administration for 1 hour,mice were sacrificed,skeletal muscle was taken and placed in -80℃ refrigerator.Skeletal muscles of the model group and administration group were ground in liquid nitrogen,lysate and protease inhibitors were added to extract the protein,the concentration of protein was determined,and then protein denaturation,reduction,alkylation,enzymolysis and desalting,the samples were identified by nano-LC-LTQ/Orbitrap-MS.Data were processed by Xcalibur 2.2 software and Proteome Discoverer 1.4.0.288,and Sieve v2.1(×64) was adopted to analyze and find relevant differential proteins with quantitative analysis of non-standard samples,differentially expressed proteins were screened and identified,and bioinformatics analysis of the differentially expressed proteins was carried out. Result:A total of 107 differentially expressed proteins were identified from Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma group and model group,and five differential proteins related to diabetes were screened out by biological analysis,including 4 up-regulated[5'-adenosine-activated protein kinase(AMPK),adiponectin(APN),etc] and 1 down-regulated[adipocyte type fatty acid binding protein4(FABP4)].The differential proteins mainly involved in inflammatory reactions,signal pathway regulation and other biological processes. Conclusion:Through effective comparison and analysis,we obtain some differentially expressed proteins involved in insulin signal transduction and other pathways,this paper can provide a new target for the study on the molecular mechanism of Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma against insulin resistance.关键词：Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma;couplet medicines;KKAy mice;proteomics;differentially expressed proteins6|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To elucidate the protective effect of ursolic acid (UA) on the podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy rats. Method:Streptozocin (STZ) and high-glucose and high-fat diet were used to replicate the diabetic nephropathy model in rats. The rats were divided into normal group, model group, positive drug group (Irbesartan, 15 mg·kg-1), high-dose UA group (UA-H, 60 mg·kg-1) and low-dose UA group (UA-L, 30 mg·kg-1). The changes in blood glucose, urine protein and renal index were observed; hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining were used to observe the renal pathological changes; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was adopted to detect the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malonaldehyde (MDA); and Western blot was performed to detect the expressions of slit diaphragm CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) and podocin protein in nephridial tissues of the rats. Result:Compared with normal group, the blood glucose, 24 h urine protein, serum and renal IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, renal MDA and renal index of model group significantly increased, whereas the body mass, renal SOD activity, and renal podocin and CD2AP protein expressions significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with model group, UA significantly decreased the blood glucose, urine protein content, renal index, renal MDA content, and serum and renal IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and could increase the body mass, renal SOD activity, and renal podocin and CD2AP protein expressions of model group (P<0.05, P<0.01), and reverse rat minor glomerular abnormalities induced by diabetes. Conclusion:UA can inhibit the pathological damage of hyperglycemia to the kidney, reduce the urinary protein and protect the renal function by protecting the action of renal podocytes and regulating the expressions of CD2AP and podocin protein.关键词：ursolic acid;diabetic nephropathy;renal injury;podocyte;slit diaphragm protein7|6|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the effect of Dingxin recipe (DXR) on the expression of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs) in mice during atherogenesis induced by PM2.5. Method:Fifty western-diet apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice were exposed to PM2.5 and randomly divided into five groups:model group, low-dose DXR group (9.29 mg·kg-1·d-1), medium-dose DXR group (18.59 mg·kg-1·d-1), high-dose DXR group (37.18 mg·kg-1·d-1) and simvastatin group (5 mg·kg-1·d-1). Ten normal-diet C57BL/6J mice were exposed to filtered air and included into control group. Serum levels of lipid, interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), IL-10 and transforming growth feactor-β(TGF-β) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs number in the spleen, atherosclerotic lesion was detected by htoxylin eosin(HE) and Foxp3 protein expression was detected by Western blot in aorta were measured after 16 weeks. Result:Compared with the control group, atherosclerotic lesion, serum levels of lipid, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased, while serum levels of IL-10 and TGF-β, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs number and Foxp3 protein expression were significantly decreased in the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, atherosclerotic lesion, serum levels of lipid, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased, while serum levels of IL-10 and TGF-β, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs number and Foxp3 protein expression were significantly increased in the simvastatin group, medium-dose DXR group and high-dose DXR group(P<0.05). Conclusion:DXR inhibits atherosclerosis induced by PM2.5 by up-regulating CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs expression.关键词：Dingxin recipe;CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells;PM2.5;atherosclerosis6|5|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To research the effect of mangiferin on serum uric acid and intestinal urate transporter ATP-binding cassette superfamily G (White) member 2(ABCG2) gene and protein expressions in the hyperuricemic mice induced by urate. Method:A total of 60 Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups, namely the normal group, the model group, the mangiferin (1.5, 3.0, 6.0 mg·kg-1) groups and the positive drug benzbromarone (25.0 mg·kg-1) group, with 10 mice in each group. Except for the normal group, the hyperuricemia model was induced by intraperitoneal injection with urate at a dosage of 150 mg·kg-1. Meanwhile, mangiferin and benzbromarone were administered intragastrically. Two weeks later, the phosphotungstic acid method was used to detect the uric acid of mice; reverse transcription PCR and Western blot were performed to detect jejunal and ileac ABCG2 mRNA and protein expressions of mice; and htoxylin eosin(HE) staining was adopted to observe the pathological change in ileum of mice. Result:Compared with the normal group, the model group showed a significant increase in blood uric acid, remarkable decrease in jejunal and ileac ABCG2 mRNA and protein expressions, and notable rise in jejunal and ileac ABCG2 (P<0.05,P<0.01), without any significant pathological change; after 2 weeks of administration with mangiferin, mangiferin (3.0,6.0 mg·kg-1) significantly lowered the serum uric acid compared with hyperuricemic mice; after administration with mangiferin (1.5, 3.0, 6.0 mg·kg-1) to hyperuricemic mice, mangiferin significantly increased the ABCG2 mRNA expression in jejunum and ileum; However, mangiferin (1.5, 3.0, 6.0 mg·kg-1) significantly caused the down-regulation of ABCG2 protein in jejunum and ileum (P<0.05). Conclusion:Mangiferin can obviously decrease the serum uric acid levels in hyperuricemic mice induced by urate, and restore ABCG2 mRNA and protein expressions of jejunum and ileum in hyperuricemic mice.关键词：mangiferin;hyperuricemia;ATP-binding cassette superfamily G (White) member 2(ABCG2) transporter;mechanism6|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To explore the effect of Erzhiwan on the biological basis of mice of ovariectomized-induced Alzheimer's disease(AD) by proteomic method. Method:Ovariectomized mice were randomly divided into model group, positive control group, high-dose Erzhiwan group and low-dose Erzhiwan group, with 14 mice in each group. Another 14 mice were included in the sham operation group. Six weeks later after the operation, the mice in the sham operation group and the model group were given the same volume of distilled water, high and low-dose Erzhiwan groups were given the corresponding drugs by gavage, with the drug concentration of 2, 1 g·kg-1, and the positive control group was injected with estradiol benzoate 0.02 mg every other day. The drug administration lasted for 32 days. Proteins were extracted from the mice's hippocampus, and detected by Nanol-ESI liquid-mass spectrometry system,and then identified by Protein Discovery software; and a quantitative analysis was made for the hippocampal proteins by SIEVE software. PANTHER Classification System was used for gene ontology(GO) analysis of differential proteins, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) was used to enrich signal pathways. Result:Compared with the model group, there were more than 80 differentially expressed proteins in the normal group and the high and low-dose Erzhiwan groups. Through the GO analysis, these proteins could be divided into tubulin, heat shock protein,energy metabolism-related protein, brain protection-related proteins and other AD-related proteins. KEGG analysis found that the above differential proteins involved 20 signal pathways. These differential proteins may be the target for Erzhiwan in preventing and treating AD. Conclusion:Erzhiwan can promote the energy metabolism and vesicle transport, while reducing the production of Aβ and the oxidative damage of neurons, so as to achieve the therapeutic effect of AD.关键词：Erzhiwan;ovariectomized;Alzheimer's disease;proteomics;gene ontology(GO) analysis;Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) analysis6|6|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the effect of Huatan Xiaoliu decoction (HXD) on tumor weight, lung metastases focuses, nm-23 and vascular endothelial growth factors(VEGF) in tumor tissues of Lewis tumor-bearing mice, and to explore its mechanism in restraining tumor growth and metastasis. Method:Totally 30 C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into the blank group, HXD group (50 g·kg-1·d-1), and Cyclophosphamide (CTX) group[0.06 g·kg-1·(3,7 d)-1], 10 mice in each group. Lewis lung cancer cells were inoculated subcutaneously into right axillary of C57BL/6 mice to establish Lewis tumor-bearing mice models. After 21 days, the mice were killed, and the tumors were stripped to calculate the rates of inhibition; their lung tissues were taken and after fixing, the number of lung metastases focuses was observed under the microscope to calculate the rate of anti-lung metastasis. The mRNA expressions of VEGF and nm-23 were detected by Real-time PCR, and the protein expressions of VEGF and nm-23 were detected by Western blot. Result:In comparison with blank group, the tumor weight and the number of lung metastasis focuses were significantly decreased in HXD group and CTX group (P<0.01); the mRNA and protein expressions of VEGF were decreased, and the mRNA and protein expressions of nm-23 were increased in HXD group and CTX group. Conclusion:Huatan Xiaoliu decoction could inhibit Lewis lung cancer growth and metastasis, and the underlying mechanism may be related to reducing the expression of VEGF, reducing the generation of tumor new vasculature, up-regulating the expression of nm-23, and inhibiting tumor generation and metastasis.关键词：Lewis tumor-bearing;Huatan Xiaoliu decoction;metastasis;nm-23 mRNA;vascular endothelial growth factor6|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study the effect and mechanism of Bushen Yiliu decoction (BSD) on proliferation of human prostate cancer cells through in vitro experiments. Method:Firstly, according to the serum pharmacology method, Sprague Dawley rats were treated with the drugs by intragastric administration for 7 days continuously to prepare the blank control serum and BSD medicated serum; then, with human prostate cancer cells PC-3 as the models, we observed the effect of BSD on proliferation of human prostate cancer cells and Notch1/Jagged1 signaling pathway. Methye thiazolye telrazlium (MTT) assay was used to detect the proliferation of PC-3 cells at different time points (12, 24,36 h) after treatment with different concentrations of BSD containing serum (2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%);reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot methods were used to detect the effects of medicated serum on gene and protein expression levels of Notch1 and Jagged1. Result:As compared with the blank control group, the proliferation of PC-3 cells was inhibited to different degrees after being treated with BSD medicated serum at 12, 24,36 h, and the effect was most obvious at 36 h(P<0.01); Furthermore, BSD medicated serum inhibited mRNA and protein expression of Notch1or Jagged1, especially 10% and 15% medicated serum groups(P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion:BSD medicated serum can significantly inhibit the proliferation of PC-3 cells, and the effect may be related to the regulation of Notch1/Jagged1 expression.关键词：Bushen Yiliu decoction;serum pharmacology;PC-3 cells;Notch1/Jagged1 signaling pathway7|7|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the effect of autophagy on bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC)-induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Method:Cells were treated with 24 mg·L-1 BDMC or BDMC + 5 mol·L-1 3-methyladenine (3-MA) for 24,48 h, and then the cell activity was detected by methye thiazolye telrazlium (MTT) assay. Cells were treated with 24 mg·L-1 of BDMC alone or combination with 5 mol·L-1 3-MA for 48 h, and then the morphologies were observed by Hoechst 33342 staining by using inverted fluorescence microscope. The apoptosis rate and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed by Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining and Rhodamine 123 (Rh123) staining respectively; the protein expression levels of Beclin-1, LC3, cleaved Caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) were evaluated by Western blot. Result:As compared with the blank control group, BDMC could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells, decrease the MMP, decrease the protein expression levels of pro-Caspase-3, Bcl-2, LC3-Ⅰ(P<0.01), and increase the protein expression levels of cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, Beclin-1, LC3-Ⅱ(P<0.01); 3-MA could enhance the effect of BDMC-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis, increased the apoptotic rates (P<0.01), decreased the MMP (P<0.01), lowered the protein expression levels of pro-Caspase-3, Bcl-2 (P<0.01) and increased the protein expression levels of Beclin-1, LC3, and cleaved Caspase-3 (P<0.01). Conclusion:BDMC could induce apoptosis via a mitochondria pathway in HepG2 cells, and could induce cells autophagy which could inhibit the cell apoptosis.关键词：bisdemethoxycurcumin;3-methyladenine;hepatocellular carcinoma;apoptosis;mitochondrial membrane potential9|8|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Si Junzitang in treatment of Crohn's disease and investigate its regulation effect on inflammatory markers. Method:The 88 patients with Crohn's disease were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 44 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with routine western medicine treatment while patients in experimental group were treated with modified Si Junzitang combined with routine treatment. After 8 weeks, clinical remission rates and effective rates, efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome, disease activity score, inflammation degree index and inflammatory cytokines were compared between two groups and safety was evaluated. Result:After treatment, the number of clinical remission and remission rate in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.01). The total number of effective cases and and effective rate of the TCM syndrome in experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01). The number of clinical remission cases and remission rate in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The number of ineffectiveness and inefficiency in experimental group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). As compared with the conditions before treatment, the simplified Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly lower after treatment in both groups (P<0.01); after treatment, the three indexes above in experimental group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factors (TNF)-α and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 after treatment were lower than those before treatment in both groups (P<0.01); these three indexes (P<0.05) in experimental group were lower than those in the control group after treatment (P<0.05). There were few and mild adverse reactions in both groups, with no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion:Modified Si Junzitang combined with western medicine can not only improve the disease symptoms, but also significantly improve the inflammation condition, with good safety and better results in clinical use.关键词：Crohn's disease;modified Si Junzitang;inflammatory factor;traditional Chinese medicine syndrome6|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Chaihu Shugan Tang combined with Guipitang in the treatment of intractable epilepsy (IE) of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome, and explore its effect on expression levels of oxygen free radicals, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Method:The 60 patients complying with IE diagnosis standard of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome were randomly divided into control group and experimental group according to random number table, with 30 cases in each group. The patients in control group received routine treatment, while the patients in experimental group additionally received Chaihu Shugan Tang combined with Guipitang treatment on the basis of routine treatment. After continuous treatment for 3 months, video electroencephalogram (EEG) was observed, epileptic seizure frequency, seizure duration, Quality of Life in Epilepsy-31 (QOLIE-31) were recorded before and after treatment; serum total superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), P-gp, and IGF-1 levels were detected before and after treatment; the number of epileptic seizures, seizure duration, scores of QOLIE-31, as well as the changes in SOD, MDA, P-gp and IGF-1 levels were calculated. Result:the frequency of seizures in experimental group after treatment was lower than that of control group (P<0.05), the duration was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01); the number of epileptiform discharges was less than that of control group (P<0.05); QOLIE-31 scores were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.01); the level of SOD was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01), while MDA and P-gp levels were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.01), and IGF-1 level was lower than that in control group (P<0.05). As compared with the changes in control group, the decrease degree of seizure frequency was more obvious in experimental group (P<0.05); the decrease degree of seizure duration was significant (P<0.01); the increase in QOLIE-31 scores was more obvious (P<0.05); the increase in SOD and decrease in P-gp were significant (P<0.01); and the decrease in MDA and IGF-1 was more obvious in experimental group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Chaihu Shugan Tang combined with Guipitang in the treatment of IE patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency can reduce the seizure frequency and the duration of seizures, epileptiform discharge, improve the quality of life for patients, and the mechanism may be related to scavenging oxygen free radicals, improving the sensitivity of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and reducing the damages to the brain.关键词：Chaihu Shugan Tang;Guipitang;intractable epilepsy;liver stagnation and spleen deficiency6|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of Shenbitang combined with diclofenac sodium for early-to-middle stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head caused by kidney deficiency and blood stasis. Method:A total of 106 cases eligible patients were randomly divided into the control group (53 cases) and the observation group (53 cases). The patients in control group were treated with Xianling Gubao capsules combined with diclofenac sodium release tablets; Shenbitang combined with diclofenac sodium release tablets was adopted in the observation group, with a treatment course of 6 months and a follow-up of 12 months in both groups.The Harris scale, SF-36, the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndromes scale and imaging scores were observed before and after treatment. The changes of plasma viscosity (PV), electrophoresis (EPT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), erythrocyte deposition (HCT) were detected. The effective rates, recurrence rates and safety indexes were compared between two groups. Result:The 2 cases in control group and 4 cases in observation group withdrew from the study. The total effective rate was 97.9% in observation group, higher than 82.4% in control group (P<0.05). The recurrence rate was 8.1% in observation group, lower than 35.5% in control group in follow-up for 12 months (P<0.05). As compared with the control group after treatment, the Harris scores, the SF-36 scores, and hip imaging scores were significantly higher in observation group (P<0.05), and the TCM syndrome scores, PV, EPT, ESR, and HCT indexes were significantly lower (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 12.2% in observation group, lower than 35.5% in control group (P<0.05). The incidence rate of abnormal indexes in routine blood test and urine test was 15.9% and 9.8% respectively in observation group, lower than 30.6% and 18.4% in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Shenbitang combined with diclofenac sodium release tablets could significantly improve the clinical symptoms and PV, EPT, ESR and HCT indexes, and reduce the recurrence rate and incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment of early-to-middle stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head caused by kidney deficiency and blood stasis.关键词：Shenbitang;diclofenac sodium release tablet;osteonecrosis of the femoral head;kidney deficiency and blood stasis8|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To discuss the clinical efficacy of Tianwang Buxindan treatment to atrial fibrillation combined with coronary heart disease (Yin deficiency and fire prosperity) and investigate its mechanism of anti-inflammatory action. Method:One hundred and eighteen patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table at ratio of 1:1, 59 cases in each group. Patients in control group got warfarin sodium tablets, 2.5-5.0 mg/days, qd, with international normalized ratio (INR) monitoring for 2.0-3.0 times. Metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets, 23.75-47.5 mg, qd, and atorvastatin calcium tablets, 20 mg/days, qd at night. Based on the treatment in control group, the patients in observation group added Tianwang Buxindan treatment, 1 dose/day. The treatment course was 8 weeks for both groups. Before and after treatment, electrocardiogram and echocardiography examinations were conducted[left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac output (CO), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), and stroke volume (SV) were recorded]. Scores of Yin deficiency and fire prosperity were graded; levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), NT-pro btype natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C reactive protein (CRP) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were detected; and the safety was also evaluated both before and after treatment. Result:In the rank sum test, in observation group were superior to that in control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the ventricular rate in observation group was lower than that in control group (P<0.05), and the number of atrial fibrillation combined with abnormality of electrocardiogram was lower than that in control group (χ2=6.631,P<0.05). The scores of palpitation, insomnia, irritability, chest tightness, chest pain, scores of the secondary symptoms and total score of Yin deficiency and fire prosperity were all lower than those in control group(P<0.01). Number of cases of dyslipidemia was also lower than that in control group (χ2=4.417, P<0.05). Levels of LVEF, CO and SV in observation group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05), while the levels of NT-proBNP, IL-6, TNF-α, CRP and MCP-1 were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). During the study, no serious adverse event and hemorrhage happened, and there was no statistical significance in the abnormality of liver and kidney function and clotting routine. Conclusion:Based on the treatment of routine western medicine treatment,Tianwang Buxindan treatment can control ventricular rate, relieve clinical symptoms, regulate lipid metabolism, ameliorate heart function and inhibit inflammatory reaction, which is effective for atrial fibrillation.关键词：atrial fibrillation;coronary heart disease;Tianwang Buxindan;Yin deficiency and fire prosperity;lipid;heart function;inflammatory reaction9|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of syndrome differentiation and treatment of Bawei Shenqi Wan combined with Bazhengsan to recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTI) in the middle and old age, and investigate its effects on immunity and inflammatory factors. Method:One hundred and forty eligible patients were randomly divided into control group (70 cases) and observation group (70 cases) by using SAS software. Patients in the control group got levofloxacin tablets by oral administration, 0.2 g/time, 2 times/days, for continuous 2 weeks. And cefalexin and trimethoprim capsules were given at 0.25 g/day when urine culture showed negative results. Based on the treatment in control group, the patients in observation group additionally got Bawei Shenqi Wan combined with Bazhengsan, 1 dose/day. The treatment course was 12 weeks in both groups. Before and after treatment, scores of the main symptoms and quality of life were graded. Relapse within 6 months was recorded. And the levels of α1-microglobulin (α1-MG) and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), T cell subgroup (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+), urine secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-6) and calcitonin (PCT) were detected. Result:As analyzed by rank sum test, the clinical efficacy in observation group was superior to that in the control group (P<0.05). Scores of symptoms and the total score were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). After treatment, levels of α1-MG, β2-MG, NAG, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and PCT were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Levels of CD4+, CD4+/CD8+and SIgA in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), while level of CD8+ was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of physiological function, vitality, emotional function and mental health in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The average number of recurrence times was less than that in the control group during the 6 months' follow-up (P<0.01), and the recurrence rate in observation group was 37.74%, lower than 60.98% in control group (χ2=5.003, P<0.05). Conclusion:Bawei Shenqi Wan combined with Bazhengsan in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in the middle and old age can relieve clinical symptoms and reduce recurrence rate, improve quality of life, protect renal function and can regulate immunity and anti-inflammatory function, superior to pure western medicine in short and long-term effects.关键词：recurrent episodes of urinary tract infection;syndrome of kidney deficiency and damp heat;Bawei Shenqi Wan;Bazhengsan;immunity function;renal injury;inflammatory factors7|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Zuoguiwan is one of classic formulas of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), which is represented the method of seeking yin from yang and characterized by the effect of enriching and nourishing kidney Yin and the complete supplement without any drain. Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by low bone mass, structural failure of bone tissue, increased bone brittleness, decreased bone strength and increased risk of fracture, and become one of the threatening in human health. TCM believes that kidney contains the essence and kidney governs the bones and engenders marrow, and Zuoguiwan has a better clinical efficacy in treating osteoporosis and fewer side effect. There have been an increasing number of experimental studies in treating osteoporosis with Zuoguiwan, especially for molecule and mechanism of signaling pathway. The objective of this research was to summarize signaling pathways of Zuoguiwan in treating osteoporosis, including cyclicadenosine 3',5'-monophosphate/protein kinase/cAMP response element-binding protein(cAMP/PKA/CREB)signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1)/Smad signaling pathway, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathway. This study also confirmed that Zuoguiwan had intervention characteristics of multiple target points and multiple paths. Although the effect and basic mechanisms of Zuoguiwan were proved, there are still some limitations. More comprehensive and in-depth studies shall also be conducted using the latest modern research methods and techniques.关键词：Zuoguiwan;osteoporosis;cyclicadenosine 3',5'-monophosphate/protein kinase/cAMP response element-binding protein(cAMP/PKA/CREB) signaling pathway;Notch signaling pathway;transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1)/Smad signaling pathway;Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway;mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathway8|7|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Epimedii Folium is a type of traditional Chinese medicine with effects of nourishing liver and kidney, strengthening the bones and muscles and expelling wind-damp. It is the main component of formulation that could nourish the kidney, strengthen yang and treat impotency, and mainly used for treatment of kidney yang deficiency, rheumatism, osteoporosis and paralysis. Recent studies have shown that icariin is the most abundant flavonoid component in Epimedii and exerts extensive bioactivities of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant stress, anti-depression and anti-tumor. The molecular pharmacology studies showed that icariin could be used to treat nervous system diseases, osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, immune disease and reproductive system diseases by regulating multiple targets and signaling pathways. The protective mechanisms of icariin on skeletal system were extensively studied, involving estrogen receptor α(ERα)-Wnt/beta-catenin, nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB), cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP) dependent protein kinase(PKA)/cAMP/cAMP response element-binding protein(CREB), extraeellular-signalregulatedki-nase(ERK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), RhoA-TAZ, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β)/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)/NO/Cyclic guanosinc monophosphate(cGMP)/cGMP protein kinase G(PKG) and other signaling pathways. The significant osteogenesis effects made it a preferred compound in treatment of osteoporosis. However, there was only a few summaries on icariin's mechanisms in regulating the nervous system, protecting the cardiovascular system, regulating the immune system, improving the reproductive function and resisting tumor. In order to accelerate the exploration, discover other molecular mechanisms of icariin, and expand its application prospects, this study reviewed the progress of pharmacological studies on icariin in recent years, and elaborated the effect targets and pertinent pathways, so as to provide the reference for the rational clinical medication and drug research and development.关键词：icarrin;nervous system;skeletal system;cardiovascular system;immune system;molecular mechanisms10|8|42更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Shizaotang is contained in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases.It is composed of four medicinal materials of Genkwa Fols(boiled),Kansui Radix,Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix and Jujubae Fructus and is a classic prescription for treatment of water knot suspending fluid syndrome by ZHANG Zhong-jing.Although Shizaotang has significant effect in removing water retention by purgation,but toxicity of toxic drugs in the prescriptions restricts its clinical application,the doctors use carefully or do not use them.This review summarizes the research progress of Shizaotang from the aspects of famous doctor theory,usage and dosage,chemical composition,pharmacology and toxicology,clinical application and so on through reviewing the relevant literatures at home and abroad in past 30 years.In order to effectively develop and use Shizaotang,we should be comprehensive use of modern scientific research methods to study on its toxic material basis,amount-time-toxicity-effect relationship,scope of safe drug etc;and to explore the effect of processing on its pharmacological and toxicological effects,to reveal its scientific connotation of Yougu Wuyun in clinical practice.关键词：Shizaotang;famous doctor theory;usage and dosage;chemical composition;pharmacology and toxicology;clinical application9|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Colorectal carcinoma is currently one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers, so far, the global incidence is still rising and the patients tend to be younger. As a result, it's urgent in clinical practice to improve the sensitivity of colorectal carcinoma diagnosis, fully understand the etiology and pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma, and seek for effective treatment and preventative measures. Animal models for colorectal carcinoma can validly simulate the occurrence, development and outcome of colorectal carcinoma, which can be used as one of the most important methods to explore pathogenesis and mechanism of metastasis and simplify the experimental steps and explore the mechanism. Many researches have shown that, the replication of colorectal carcinoma in animals with different genetic backgrounds and the various experimental studies under the artificial control condition are conducive to shortening the experimental periods and observing the whole process of colorectal carcinoma:occurrence, development and outcome. At present, nude mice, mice and rats in the age of 4-6 weeks are often used as model animals. Tumors of zebrafish and human have a high degree of similarity at the histological level. With the development of microsurgery, zebrafish is gradually emerging as a model in the study of oncology. As different model organisms have various biological characteristics, their modeling methods are also different. According to the experimental objectives, periods and techniques, appropriate model organisms and corresponding modeling methods are the key to the success of colorectal carcinoma experiments. Recently, researches about colorectal carcinoma models are constantly springing up, however, the classification is based on modeling methods in most of researches, lacking the exploration of different types of model animals. On the basis of the combination of literature both at home and abroad, this paper provides a review on the nearest decade research progress of different animal models for colorectal carcinoma, and proposes some references for further studies on colorectal carcinoma.关键词：colorectal carcinoma;animal models;mechanism;modeling method6|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
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