最新刊期
卷 24 ， 期 2 ， 2018
- 摘要：Objective:To study on the absorptive characteristics of Inula cappa extract in rats by in situ intestinal circulating perfusion model. Method:Nine representative ingredients in I. cappa extract were selected as objects of this study.An UPLC-MS/MS was established to determine their cumulative absorption amount and investigate the absorptive amount of the nine components at different intestinal segments,influence of extract concentration,pH value,P-glycoprotein inhibitor,bile and different intestinal segments on intestinal absorption of the nine components for expounding the absorptive characteristics of ingredients in different intestinal sections. Result:Scopolin in high concentration existed saturation phenomenon,it indicated the transport mechanism of scopolin was active transport in the intestine and the other 8 compounds were passive diffusion.The best absorption sites of luteolin-7-glucoside,1,3-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid,4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid were jejunum.The best absorption sites of scopolin and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid were ileum.The best absorption sites of chlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid and neochlorogenic acid were duodenum.The absorption of all the compounds were affected by pH and bile. Conclusion:All of the nine ingredients in I. cappa extract can be absorbed in small intestine,but their absorption rate,the best absorptive site and mechanism are not the same.关键词：Inula cappa;extract;caffeoylquinic acids;intestinal absorption;luteolin-7-glucoside;in situ intestinal circulating perfusion model;chlorogenic acid4|8|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:Nine batches of Sanye particles,which prepared by changing fluidized bed process conditions,were taken as the research objects,and tensile strength is the main quality attribute of products to identify critical quality attributes and establish the design space(DS). Method:Orthogonal test was carried out to prepare different kinds of Sanye particles and their powder properties of the particles were determined.Orthogonal partial least square(OPLS) was used to establish the relational model between the powder properties and tensile strength.According to the characteristics of comprehensive variables extracted by OPLS,then independent variables were to find out,which had the strongest explanatory effect on the tensile strength,then we drew contour maps between independent variables and tensile strength to find the DS. Result:The median particle size(D50) and the porosity(ε) were identified as critical quality attributes.Relational models between D50 and ε with tensile strength were established,in the case of tensile strength range being fixed,the appropriate DS was found as 75.7% < ε < 78.2%,0.390 mm < D50 < 0.582 mm. Conclusion:The established OPLS can determine the influence of various factors on tensile strength,and the fitting effect is good.The established DS is clear,which can provide basis for establishing the technological parameters of fluidized bed granulation.关键词：quality by design;fluidized bed granulation;design space;orthogonal partial least square;porosity;tensile strength;median particle size6|6|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish the method of specific chromatograms of Scutellariae Radix decoction pieces and Scutellariae Radix fried with wine,and to study on the change law of specific chromatograms of Scutellariae Radix before and after being processed. Method:The characteristics of Scutellariae Radix decoction pieces and Scutellariae Radix fried with wine were analyzed by HPLC and headspace gas chromatography(HSGC). Result:Scutellariae Radix decoction pieces and Scutellariae Radix fried with wine were marked with 13 characteristic peaks,and baicalin,oroxyloside,wogonoside,baicalein,wogonin,oroxylin A were assigned,there was no significant differences of HPLC specific chromatograms of Scutellariae Radix before and after being processed.The characteristics of HSGC specific chromatograms of Scutellariae Radix decoction pieces and Scutellariae Radix fried with wine were significantly different,the characteristic peak of ethanol can be detected in Scutellariae Radix fried with wine,which can effectively distinguish the raw and wine-processed products. Conclusion:Combination of HPLC and HSGC is suitable for quality evaluation and identification of Scutellariae Radix decoction pieces and Scutellariae Radix fried with wine,it can make up for the limitations of HPLC specific chromatograms in the identification of raw and wine-processed products,this study provides a new way to evaluate the quality of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and their authenticity.关键词：Scutellariae Radix;Scutellariae Radix fried with wine;headspace gas chromatography;specific chromatograms;decoction pieces;baicalin;oroxylin A4|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study on the stability of stilbene glucoside in various extracts of medicinal materials from compound Xuezhining,and to explore compatibility rule of this compound. Method:The content of stilbene glucoside changed with time under different conditions was investigated by UPLC.Based on the chemical reaction kinetics,the parameters of degradation kinetics were calculated under different environments.The activation energy and half-time(t1/2) were investigated. Result:The degradations of stilbene glucoside in different conditions were followed the first-order reaction kinetics.The degradation rate constant (K) of stilbene glucoside in aqueous solution and Crataegi Fructus extract were 0.037 5,0.012 3 h-1,and t1/2 were 18.48,56.35 h under pH 8.3,respectively.The other extracts also showed the stabilizing effect on stilbene glucoside under different conditions. Conclusion:The compatibility of Chinese medicines in compound Xuezhining can improve the stability of stilbene glucoside in different degrees.Among them,effect of Crataegi Fructus is the most significant.关键词：Xuezhining;stilbene glucoside;degradation kinetics;compatibility;stability;Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata;activation energy4|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish GC fingerprints about volatile oil in the raw and deep-fired Atractylodis Rhizoma,and to clarify the changing rule of chemical compositions in volatile oil about Atractylodis Rhizoma before and after being deep-fried. Method:Volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation,and GC fingerprints of volatile oil in Atractylodis Rhizoma before and after being deep-fried were analyzed. Result:There were 25 common peaks in GC fingerprints of volatile oil in raw and processed products of Atractylodis Rhizoma,the relative retention time of these peaks was almost the same,but their relative peak areas changed significantly.For example,peaks areas of 15th,16th,17th,19th,23th,24th and 25th were reduced >20%.In GC fingerprints,the area ratio of peak 16 to 17 was greater than 3 in the raw products,but it was less than 3 in processed products;at the same time,the area ratio of peak 19 to 23 was less than 3 in the raw products,but it was greater than 3 in processed products. Conclusion:Difference of GC characteristic peaks in raw and processed products of Atractylodis Rhizoma is significant,and the results are stable with good specificity.It can be used as qualitative identification for Atractylodis Rhizoma between raw and processed products;as well as,it can lay foundation to interpretate the dropping dry and reduce the toxicity of Atractylodis Rhizoma after being deep-fried.关键词：Atractylodis Rhizoma;deeped-fired Atractylodis Rhizome;processing;gas chromatography;fingerprint;diisobutyl phthalate;atractylenolide4|8|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To prepare licorice total flavonoids nanosuspension lyophilized powder,and rsearch for its characterization and stability. Method:Licorice total flavonoids nanosuspension lyophilized powder was prepared by freeze-drying method,its powdery properties(angle of repose and bulk density) were determined,and it was characterized by the laser particle size analyzer,ultraviolet spectroscopy(UV),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction(XRD),then its stability was investigated. Result:Mean particle size of licorice total flavonoids nanosuspension lyophilized powder was (239.7±2.1) nm and the polydispersity index(PDI) was 0.193±0.032,the rangle of repose was 41.45 degree and the bulk density was 0.267 g·cm-3.UV and FT-IR showed that the chemical structure of licorice total flavonoids did not change,XRD analysis showed that the drug was always in the amorphous state,and no crystal transformation occurred during the freeze-drying process.The stability test showed that appearance,redispersibility,angle of repose,bulk density,total flavonoid content and dissolution in 1 h of the lyophilized powder were not significantly affected at high temperature of 60℃,relative humidity of 75% and light intensity of (4 500±500) Lx. Conclusion:The lyophilized powder can significantly improve the dissolution of licorice total flavonoids,and the physical and chemical properties of drug do not change,the stability of lyophilized powder is good,and it can be further prepared as licorice total flavonoids solid preparation.关键词：Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;total flavonoids;nanosuspension;lyophilized powder;characterization;stability test;in vitro dissolution6|6|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:In order to guarantee the species correction of Atractylodis Rhizoma seedlings,a molecular identification method with internal transcribed spacer 2(ITS2) as DNA barcode has been tested. Method:Here,28 original plant specimens of Atractylodis Rhizoma and their common adulterants have been collected to construct its standard reference ITS2 sequence database.Fifty-two Atractylodis Rhizoma seedlings have been collected from Hebei province,Shandong province,Shanxi province,Inner Mongolia autonomous region,Liaoning province and Hubei province to verify their original species.Their ITS2 sequences have been obtained after DNA extraction,polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and bi-directional sequencing.The intra-species and inter-species genetic distances were calculated by PUAP 4.0 software.The neighbor-joining(NJ) trees were constructed by MEGA 7.0 software. Result:The stable sequence divergence has been found between ITS2 barcode sequences of Atractylodis Rhizoma and their common adulterants,their NJ trees showed monophyly.With the help of standard reference ITS2 sequence database,we found 42 Atractylodis Rhizoma seedlings were from Atractylodes koreana,7 Atractylodis Rhizoma seedlings were from A. lancea,3 Atractylodis Rhizoma seedlings were from A. macrocephala. Conclusion:Atractylodis Rhizoma seedlings are mainly come from A. koreana.This result is consistent with market survey of medicinal resources,suggesting that Atractylodis Rhizoma has safety risk.The DNA barcoding method based on the ITS2 sequence can accurately distinguish between Atractylodis Rhizoma seedlings and their adulterants seedlings.关键词：Atractylodis Rhizoma;seedling;DNA barcoding;internal transcribed spacer 2;Atractylodes koreana5|7|14更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To compare the main agronomic and quality traits of three Dendrobium nobile lines (JC-1, JC-2, and JC-3) in Hejiang, provide guidance for their production, and provide reference for breeding of new varieties. Method:The straight ruler, vernier caliper and analytical balance were used to measure the main agronomic and quality traits of D. nobile lines in Hejiang; and the contents of polysaccharides and total alkaloids in stems were determined by phenol sulfuric acid colorimetry and acid dye colorimetry respectively. Result:The results showed that one-year-old stem had the longest length in each individual plant. Stem diameter increased with the growth of life, and the two-year-old stem had the highest drying percentage. The stem length,stem fresh weight and dry weight of JC-1 and JC-2 were much higher than those in JC-3.As for quality traits, the content of polysaccharide was JC-1 (4.64%) > JC-2 (3.02%) > JC-3 (2.20%), and the total alkaloids content was JC-3 (0.59%) > JC-2 (0.48%) > JC-1 (0.45%). However, the JC-1 with highest amount fresh weight also displayed the highest total alkaloids content by calculating its stem drying percentage. Conclusion:In conclusion, after considering the fresh weight, dry weight, the polysaccharide content and total alkaloids content all at the same time, we suggest JC-1 is the most suitable lines for planting.关键词：Hejiang Dendrobium nobile;lines;agronomic traits;polysaccharide;total alkaloids6|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:The composition-activity relationship (CAR) model of volatile oil from Selaginella doederleinii was established to recognize the active compounds based on GC-MS analysis. Method:MTT method was adopted to mensurate the inhibition effects of the volatile oil from various habit at sagainst human lung cancer A459 cell and hepatocellular carcinoma 7721 cell line. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was used as the evaluation index and 11 characteristic peaks of the volatile oil were identified by GC-MS. The orthogonal partial least squares(OPLS) and bivariate correlation analysis was respectively performed on SIMCA-P 11.5 and SPSS 18.0 software to construct the CAR model of S. doederleinii volatile oil. Result:The results showed that five peaks,including peak 1,8,10,3 and 9,were significantly related to anti-tumor activity according to scores plot from 11 peaks screened,variable importance in projection (VIP) values in OPLS and Pearson correlation coefficient in bivariate correlation analysis. Peak 1,8,10,3 and 9 were identified as linalool, nerolidol, methyl linolenate, methyl linoleate and phytone, respectively. Conclusion:This method can quickly and effectively establish the spectrum-effect relationship for volatile oil from S. doederleinii,providing experimental basis for studying their pharmacological properties.6|7|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:The chemical constituents of n-butanol and petroleum ether were separated and the compounds were identified from Millettla nitida var. hirsutissima. Method:The n-butanol and petroleum ether fractions from M. nitida var. hirsutissima were isolated by macroporous adsorption resin chromatography, silica gel column, re-crystallization, Sephadex LH-20 column, reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography and identified on physicochemical properties and spectral evidences. Result:Finally 15 compounds were isolated from n-butanol and petroleum ether fractions from M. nitida var. hirsutissima, including one neolignan,(+)-lyoniresinol-3α-O-D-glucopyranoside (1); two triterpenoids, taraxeron (2), epilupeol (3); and twelve flavonoids, biochanin A 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), formononetin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), sphaerobioside (6), 8-methylretusin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), afromosin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), β-galactosyl 1-6β-galactosyl formononetin (9), retusin 8-methyl ether (10), 7-hydroxy-4', 6-dimethoxyisoflavone (11), 4'-methoxy-7-hydroxyisoflavone(12), biochanin A-7-O-β-D-glucoside(13), lanceolarin(14), and 6-methoxyisoformononetin (15). Conclusion:Compounds 1, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10 and 15 were isolated from this the genus Millettia for the first time, and compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10 and 15 were obtained from this plant for the first time, providing chemical basis and foundation for the comprehensive development and the search for active substances of natural plant.关键词：Millettla nitida var.hirsutissima;Millettla;chemical constituents;n-butanol part;petroleum part4|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:The research group found in the previous studies that the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of Siegesbeckia glabrescens had significant physiological activity to inhibit necroptosis when screening the self-built sample library of 100 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines in Jiangxi. In order to identify the active components and find the target compounds, the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of S. glabrescens were isolated and studied systemically in chemistry. Method:The compounds were isolated and purified by chromatography on silica gel (dichloromethane-methanol, 20:1-0:1), ODS (30%-100% methanol), Sephadex LH-20 column and recrystallization, and their structures were determined according to physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. Result:Nine compounds were isolated and identified as 2-methoxy-4-(2-propen-1-yl)penyl-6-acetate-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), coumarin (3), palmitic acid (4), ethyl caffeate (5), trans-p-hydroxycinnamic acid (6), β-sitosterol (7), β-daucosterol (8) and stigmasterol (9). Conclusion:Compounds 1-6 were isolated from this plant for the first time.关键词：Siegesbeckia glabrescens;phenolic acids;chemical compounds;dichloromethane extract;ethylacetate extract4|6|9更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study on the accumulation of secondary metabolites in leaves of Apocynum ventum and Poacynum hendersonii, reveal the main difference s between them and clarify certain regularity. Method:In July, August and September, 33 samples in different habitats were collected, and then the contents of chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside, isoquercetin, astragulin, quercetin and kaempferol in leaves were detected by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Finally, the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and cluster analysis. Result:The standard deviation of chlorogenic acid content in 17 samples of A. ventum and 16 samples of P.hendersonii was 13.24 and 12.59 mg·g-1 respectively, and the standard deviation of rutin, hyperoside, isoquercetin, astragulin, and kaempferol of them was 1.00, 4.76, 3.62, 0.23 mg·g-1 and 0.27, 0.82, 0.59, 0.03 mg·g-1.The main components content in leaves of Poacynum displayed low (July)-high(August)-low(September), while Apocynum displayed gradual increase in these three months. 33 samples with distance between clusters equal to 15, can be divided into four categories. Conclusion:Considering from the stability of the main component content, Apocynum leaf was preferred in development. Although the main compositions of Apocynum leaves and Poacynum leaves had certain differences, the content of main chemical composition was not effective to distinguish the Apocynum and Poacynum because of the influence by habitat and the harvest season. In case of no strict requirements, especially when focusing on the main compounds, they can be used alternatively. Altay, Jeminay, Ili and Changchun would be the better planting areas in respect of planting areas.关键词：Apocynum ventum;Poacynum hendersonii;statistical analysis;secondary metabolites;chlorogenic acid;flavonoid5|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To analyze and compare the volatile components in different parts of Matricaria chamomilla. Method:The optimum extraction conditions were selected by single factor experiment (the solid phase microextraction fiber head, the sample amount, the extraction temperature, the extraction time and the desorption time) with headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method. The chemical compositions in the volatile components extracted with this method from different parts of chamomile were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and their relative mass fraction of each component was determined by area normalization method. Result:The optimum extraction conditions were investigated with 7 major volatile components as indicators. The solid phase microextraction fiber head was PDMS/DVB type; the sample amount was 0.5 g; the extraction temperature was 80℃; the extraction time was 10 min; and the desorption time was 1 min. Furthermore, 66 volatile components in M. chamomilla were identified, and 40, 31, 27, 29 and 35 volatile components respectively from the whole herb, flowers, roots, stems and leaves of M. chamomilla, accounting for 84.58%, 90.27%, 82.41%, 87.36% and 82.10% of the total peak areas. Conclusion:The content of volatile components (calculated by the total peak areas) in different parts of M. chamomilla ranged from high to low:leaves > whole herb > flowers > stems > roots. There were 14 common components in all these parts and 25 common components between flowers and whole herb, accounting for 98% and 88% of the identified components in flowers and whole herb respectively. Therefore, the experimental results provide the chemical basis for using the whole herb of M. chamomilla as Uygur medicine.关键词：different parts of Matricaria chamomilla;volatile components;HS-SPME-GC-MS;PA;PDMS;PDMS/DVB4|8|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish the UPLC fingerprints of Gardeniae Fructus from different origins, and provide a more comprehensive and rapid evaluation method for the quality control of Gardeniae Fructus. Method:The batches of Gardeniae Fructus from different origins and 1 batch of Gardenia jasminoides var. grandiflora were analyzed by UPLC fingerprints by using an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column (2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm),with acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.4 mL·min-1 and the detection wavelength was set at 265 nm. The similarity analysis, cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the fingerprints of the 27 batches of samples. Result:The common fingerprints for the 26 batches of Gardeniae Fructus samples were established, among which 23 peaks were common fingerprint peaks, and 8 main compounds were identified. The similarity between the fingerprint of 26 batches of Gardeniae Fructus and the control fingerprint was more than 0.96, and the similarity between the control fingerprint and the fingerprint of G. jasminoides var.grandiflora was 0.935. Gardeniae Fructus and G. jasminoides var. grandiflora between the existing samples can also be separated by cluster analysis. Principal component analysis showed a higher level of Gardeniae Fructus from Jiangxi, and the quality was basically the same. Conclusion:The UPLC fingerprint can provide a scientific evaluation for the quality control of Gardeniae Fructus.关键词：Gardeniae Fructus;UPLC;fingerprint;similarity analysis;cluster analysis;principal component analysis5|6|9更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To explore the intestinal flora diversity and endogenous metabolites in fecal of rats with cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome,and to investigate gut flora,metaboites and metabolic pathways closely related to cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome. Method:The rats model of cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome induced by ice-water bath was established,16S rRNA high-throughput gene sequencing coupled with UPLC-TOF-MS based on fecal metabonomics were used to analyze relativity between intestinal flora and endogenous biomarkers. Result:Based on Illumina MiSeq platform,V4 region was selected as the ideal variable regions.Compared with the blank group,it was found that Firmicutes was markedly up-regulated in model group(P<0.05) with Bacteroidetes decreased(P<0.01),there were 23 genus with significant differences.Based on fecal metabonomics technology,seven biomarkers were identified in model rats,of which 6 metabolites was markedly up-regulated except for docosapentaenoic acid.Three key metabolic pathways including histidine metabolism,biosynthesis of valine,leucine and isoleucine,biosynthesis of pantothenic acid and coenzyme A(CoA) were founded.There was a strong correlation between gut microbiota genera and fecal metabolites. Conclusion:It is suggested that 16S rRNA high-throughput gene sequencing combined with metabolomics can be further applied to assess pathogenesis of cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome.关键词：cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome;intestinal flora;feces;metabolomics;16S rRNA;high-throughput gene sequencing;histidine10|6|9更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:By studying the impact on extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) phosphorylated protein and the related inflammatory factor in respiratory epithelial cells with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, this paper aims to investigate the anti-RSV effect of Qingfei oral liquid and its regulatory mechanism on secondary inflammatory damages. Method:RSV-infected human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) were used to establish respiratory epithelial inflammatory damage models in vitro. The blank group, model group (RSV), control group (ribavirin) and treatment groups (Qingfei oral liquid with high, middle and low dose). The blank group received RPIM 1640 medium containing 2%FBS, while other groups were infected with RSV to make models on the basis of blank group. The model group received equal volume of RSV (MOI=1); the control group received equal volume of Ribavirin (0.2 mg·L-1); and the treatment groups were intervened with Qingfei oral liquid (200, 100, 50 mg·L-1). Tetrazolium salt colorimetry (MTT) was used to detect the toxicity effect of Qingfei oral liquid on RSV-infected 16-HBE. Real-time PCR was used to detect the replication of RSV in 16-HBE, and Western blot was used to examine the changes in phosphorylation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway related proteins. In addition, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to evaluate the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the supernatant. Result:As compared with blank group, RSV showed great proliferation in the model group; 16-HBE showed typical manifestation of inflammatory damages; ERK1/2 phosphorylated protein level was increased significantly (P<0.01), and a large amount of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-8) were released in the cellular supernatant (P<0.01). After adding Qingfei oral liquid or ribavirin, the replication of RSV was significantly inhibited in 16-HBE (P<0.01), and the Qingfei oral liquid (200,100 mg·L-1) can significantly down-regulate the expression of ERK1/2 phosphorylated protein (P<0.01), and decrease the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in cellular supernatant (P<0.01). Conclusion:Qingfei oral liquid can inhibit the replication of RSV and alleviate the airway inflammatory damage caused by RSV, and its mechanism may be associated with down-regulating the expression of ERK1/2 phosphorylated protein and decreasing the inflammatory cytokines.关键词：Qingfei oral liquid;respiratory syncytial virus;extracellular signal-regulated kinases;interleukin-6;interleukin-84|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the effect of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma extracts (Fag) on mast cell (MC), protease activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) and substance P (SP) in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) rat models with visceral hypersensitivity. Method:IBS rat models were established through neonatal maternal separation, acetic acid enema and intraperitoneal injection with OVA. A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (normal saline), model group (normal saline), low, middle and high-dose Fag groups (0.14, 0.42, 1.26 g·kg-1) and ketotifen group (0.18 mg·kg-1). After oral gavage for 14 days, visceral hypersensitivity was assessed based on abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score. The number and degranulation of mast cells were observed by immumohistochemical staining(IHC); PAR-2 was measured by Western blot; and SP was evaluated by enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay and IHC. Result:AWR score in model group was significantly higher than that of control group at the distension pressures of 20, 40, 60 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa); and the number and degranulation of mast cells, PAR-2 and SP expressions significantly increased. Middle-dose Fag group (at the distension pressures of 20, 40, 60 mmHg) and high-dose Fag group (at the distension pressures of 20, 40 mmHg) could effectively reduce AWR scores. And the number and degranulation of mast cells, PAR-2 and SP expressions were lower than those of model group. Furthermore, at the distension pressure of 40 mmHg, high-dose Fag group could lower than ketotifen-treated group in terms of the AWR score. Conclusion:Fag could alleviate the visceral hypersensitivity in IBS rat models. Its mechanism was related with the inhibition of the number and degranulation of intestinal mucosal mast cells, the down-regulation of PAR-2 and the reduction of SP.关键词：Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma extracts (Fag);irritable bowel syndrome (IBS);visceral hypersensitivity;mast cell;protease activated receptor-2 (PAR-2);substance P (SP)5|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the effect of pretreatment with astragaloside Ⅳ combined with hydroxy safflower yellow A on myocardial infarction area, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and expression of inflammatory cytokines in mice with myocardial infarction. Method:Totally 50 SPF grade C57 mice (half male and half female) were randomly divided into sham operation group (Sham), myocardial infarction model group (MI), astragaloside pretreatment group (MI + As Ⅳ, 3.5 mg·kg-1), hydroxy safflower yellow A pretreatment group (MI + HSYA,10 mg·kg-1), and astragaloside Ⅳ + hydroxy safflower yellow A pretreatment group (MI + As Ⅳ + HSYA,3.5 mg·kg-1+10 mg·kg-1). Intraperitoneal injection lasted for 7 days before modeling, once a day. The model of myocardial infarction was established by ligating left anterior descending coronary artery. The infarction area, ischemic area and total left ventricle area of myocardium were distinguished by evans blue-TTC double staining method. ImageJ software was used to calculate the myocardial infarction area, the expressions of Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved-Caspase-3 in myocardium were detected by Western blot. The levels of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) content. Result:Compared with the model group, the pretreatment group and the combined pretreatment group could significantly reduce the myocardial infarction area of the mice, and the effect of the combined treatment group was better than that of the single pretreatment group. Compared with the sham group, the ischemic area and infarction area of the model group were increased, and the ischemic area and infarction area of the combination group and the combined administration group were decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with the model group and the sham operation group, astragaloside Ⅳ combined with hydroxy safflower yellow A up-regulates the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 incardiomyocytes, and down-regulates the expressions of cleaved-Caspase-3 and Bax(P<0.05,P<0.01). Astragaloside Ⅳ combined with hydroxysafflor yellow A can reduce the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum of mice with myocardial infarction(P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion:Astragaloside Ⅳ combined with hydroxy safflower yellow A can reduce the myocardial infarction area in mice, and inhibit myocardial cell apoptosis and inflammatory response after myocardial infarction, with an effect in protecting myocardial injury.关键词：astragaloside Ⅳ;hydroxy safflower yellow A;myocardial infarction;apoptosis;inflammatory reaction7|6|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the effect of Chaipu decoction on airway inflammation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signal pathway in asthmatic rats. Method:A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into the blank control group, the model group, the low-dose Chaipu decoction group (0.75 g·kg-1), the middle-dose Chaipu decoction group(1.5 g·kg-1), the high-dose Chaipu decoction group (3.0 g·kg-1) and the dexamethasone group (0.005 g·kg-1). The rats were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to establish the asthma model. The blank control group was given saline water; the model group was given saline water by gavage at 0.5 h before being challenged; the low dose group, the middle dose group and the high dose group were given the corresponding doses of Chaipu decoction by gavage at 0.5 h before being challenged; the Dexamethasone group was given dexamethasone by gavage at 0.5 h before being challenged; the drugs were given once every other day, for 28 days. The changes in the total and differential cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of different groups were observed. The activity of phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) and phosphorylated p38 MAPK (p-p38 MAPK) in lung tissues were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ERK and p38 MAPK mRNA expressions in lung tissues were detected by Real-time PCR; expressions of ERK, p-ERK, p38 MAPK, and p-p38 MAPK in lung tissues were detected by Western blot; the changes in histopathology and inflammation scores were observed under optical microscope. Result:Compared with the blank control group, the changes in the total and differential cell counts in BALF, the activity of p-ERK and p-p38 MAPK, the expressions of ERK mRNA and p38 MAPK mRNA, the expressions of p-ERK and p-p38 MAPK in lung tissues were significantly increased in the model group (P<0.01); all of the above indexes in the low-dose group, the middle-dose group, the high-dose group and the dexamethasone group were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion:Chaipu decoction could alliviate airway inflammation in asthmatic rats, and its mechanisms may be correlated with the inhibition of ERK/p38 MAPK signal pathway.关键词：chaipu decoction;asthma;inflammation;extracellular signal-regulated kinase/p38 mitogen-activated protern kinase(ERK/p38 MAPK) signal pathway9|6|13更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the effect of Gynura divaricata on mRNA expressions of insulin receptor (InsR) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), and protein expressions of protein kinase B (PKB) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) on insulin resistance in HepG2 cells, in order to discuss the molecular mechanism of insulin resistance after intervention. Method:Insulin-induced HepG2 cells were used to produce insulin resistance. The experiment included blank control group, model group, high-dose and low-dose G. divaricata hot water extracts (GDE, 1.0, 0.5 g·L-1) groups, high-dose and low-dose G. divaricata flavonoids (GDF, 0.2,0.1 g·L-1) groups, high-dose and low-dose G. divaricata alkaloid(GDA, 0.1, 0.05 g·L-1) groups. Glucose oxidase method was used to detect the content of glucose in supernatant of HepG2 cell culture medium; mRNA expressions of insulin receptor (InsR) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in HepG2 cells were detected by Real-time PCR; and Western blot was used to detect protein expressions of kinase B (PKB) and GSK-3β in HepG2 cells. Result:Compared with model control group, the glucose content of supernatant was significantly decreased in 1.0, 0.5 g·L-1 GDE groups (P<0.01), and the glucose content was significantly decreased in supernatant of 0.2 g·L-1GDF group (P<0.05); the mRNA expressions of INSR and GLUT4 in GDE and GDF groups increased significantly (P<0.05); the protein expression of PKB was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the protein expression of GSK-3β was significantly reduced in GDE group (P<0.05), the protein expression of PKB was significantly increased(P<0.01)and the protein expression of GSK-3β decreased significantly in GDF group (P<0.01). Conclusion:Gynura divaricata may improve insulin resistance HepG2 cells' uptake of glucose. Its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of InsR, GLUT4 mRNA expression and PKB protein expression, and the reduction of GSK-3β protein expression in insulin resistant HepG2 cells.关键词：diabetes mellitus (DM);Gynura divaricata;HepG2 cell;insulin;molecular mechanism4|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the effects of Liuwei Dihuangtang and its three ‘reinforcing and reducing’ herb pairs on the osteoprotegerin (OPG) and the nucleus factor-κB receptor activation factor ligands (RANKL) in kidney and femur of ovariectomized rat models with osteoporosis. Method:The 3-4 month SD rats were randomly divided into blank group (sham operation group,distilled water,10 mL·kg-1),model group (distilled water,10 mL·kg-1), Liuwei Dihuangtang group (6.75 g·kg-1), Corni Fructus-Moutan Cortex group (1.89 g·kg-1), Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Alismatis Rhizoma group (2.97 g·kg-1), Dioscoreae Rhizoma-Poria group (1.89 g·kg-1), and alendronate group (positive drug group, 6.3 g·kg-1). Except for the blank group, all the other rats were ovariectomized to induce the model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. After 16 days, the rats from different groups received intragastric administration for continuous 90 days. The weight changes of the rats were observed every week, and the protein expression levels of OPG and RANKL were detected by using immunohistochemical method. Result:As compared with model group, the OPG protein expression in osteoblast and renal tubular epithelial cells was increased, and the protein expression of RANKL in osteoblast and renal tubular epithelial cells was decreased by Liuwei Dihuangtang. But the gray value of OPG was reduced (P<0.05) and the RANKL in osteoblast was increased (P<0.01) by Corni Fructus-Moutan Cortex pair, indicating that the OPG protein expression was increased and the protein expression of RANKL in osteoblast was decreased (the lower of gray value,the higher expression of OPG and RANKL). Conclusion:One of the mechanism of Liuwei Dihuangtang for postmenopausal osteoporosis maybe related to regulating OPG and RANKL protein expression in femur by Corni Fructus-Moutan Cortex herb pair.关键词：Liuwei Dihuangtang;Corni Fructus-Moutan Cortex herb pair;pastmenopausal osteoporosis;osteoprotegerin (OPG);nucleus factor-κB receptor activation factor ligands (RANKL)5|6|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To discuss the effect of Angelicae Sinensis Radix polysaccharide on oxidative stress level and inflammatory cytokine expression of brain tissues in rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. Method:Wistar rats were randomly divided into Sham group, ischemia reperfusion (I/R) group, ASRP groups (30, 60 mg·kg-1·d-1) and Nimodipine group (15 mg·kg-1·d-1). On the 15th day before the operation, the drugs were intragastrically administered once a day. Line plug method was adopted to establish the rat model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion at 1 h after last administration. Neurological function scores, water content, infarction area, oxidative stress level, inflammatory cytokine expression and Toll like receptor-4 (TLR-4)/nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway were evaluated by Bederon scoring method, wet weight method, radioimmunoassay and Western blot, respectively. Result:Compared with model group, neurological function scores in low and high-dose ASRP groups, water content in high-dose ASRP group, and infarction area in low and high-dose ASRP groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with model group, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) were significantly elevated, and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly decreased in low and high-dose ASRP groups(P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with model group, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) content in high-dose ASRP group, and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) content and expressions of TLR-4 and NF-κB p65 were significantly decreased in low and high-dose ASRP groups. Conclusion:ASRP has a protective effect on ischemia reperfusion injury in rats, which may be correlated with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.关键词：Angelicae Sinensis Radix polysaccharide;cerebral ischemia reperfusion;anti-oxidation;anti-inflammation;Toll like receptor 4/nuclear transcription factor-κB(TLR-4/NF-κB) signaling pathway6|6|26更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To evaluate the effect of Shengmaisan on rats with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), Toll-like receptor-4(TLR-4)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells(NF-κB) signaling pathway as well as inflammatory factors. Method:The establishment of dilated cardiomyopathy rats model was induced through intraperitoneal injection with doxorubicin (1 mg·kg-1, twice a week) for 6 weeks, and then observed for 2 weeks, which lasted for eight weeks in total. The rats were randomly divided into four groups:blank group, doxorubicin group, Shengmaisan group and perindopril group. The drug groups were given Shengmaisan and perindopril, while blank group and model group were given equal volume of normal saline. left ventricular internal diameter at end-diastole(LVIDd), left ventricular internal dimenter at end-systole(LVIDs), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and fractional shortening(FS) were measured by echocardiography. Then the levels of serum brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) and inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). TLR-4, NF-κB mRNAs and proteins expressions in rat cardiac muscle were respectively determined. Histopathological characteristics of left ventricular cardiac muscle were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and transmission electron microscopy. Result:Compared with blank group, LVIDd and LVISd in the doxorubicin group were increased significantly(P<0.01); LVEF and FS were decreased significantly. Rats serum BNP, TNF-α and IL-6 levels increased significantly(P<0.01); TLR-4, NF-κB mRNA and protein expressions were increased significantly(P<0.01). And the pathological damage of myocardium was increased. Compared with doxorubicin group, LVIDd and LVISd in the Shengmaisan group were decreased significantly(P<0.01); LVEF and FS were increased significantly, Rat serum BNP, TNF-α and IL-6 levels decreased significantly(P<0.01); TLR-4, NF-κB mRNA and protein expressions were decreased significantly(P<0.01). And pathological damage in myocardial tissues was alliviated. Conclusion:Shengmaisan can effectively improve cardiac function and restrain myocardial damage of DCM rats. The mechanisms of action of Shengmaisan can regulate partly TLR-4 and NF-κB mRNA and protein expressions of rats with dilated cardiomyopathy, and restrain downstream inflammatory factors in TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathways.关键词：dilated cardiomyopathy;Shengmaisan;perindopril;Toll-like receptor-4(TLR-4);nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells(NF-κB);inflammatory factor4|5|12更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study the protective effect of Danggui Buxuetang on hypertrophic cardiomyocytes and its relationship with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine threonine kinase (Akt)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-nitric oxide (NO) signal transduction pathway. Method:H9C2 cardiomyocytes were cultured in vitro, α-actin antibody was used to identify cardiomyocytes by immunohistochemistry. Angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ) was used to induce the H9C2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model. The total protein content of cardiomyocytes was measured by BCA protein assay. The protein contents of blank group and model group were compared to verify the model of Angiotensin-induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. The cells were divided into blank group, cell model group, LY294002 blockade group and 10% serum group. Western blot was used to detect relevant protein expressions of p-Akt, Akt, p-eNOS, eNOS and other signaling pathways. Nitric acid reductase assay was used to detect the NO concentration in each cell culture medium. Result:The immunohistochemical method was used to identify that cells and brownish yellow fine particles were located in the cytoplasm. The results were consistent with the characteristics of cardiomyocytes. BCA was used to determine cell protein. Compared with blank group, the content of the histone group was increased(P<0.05). Western blot analysis showed that p-Akt, Akt and eNOS protein expressions in model group were lower than those in blank group (P<0.05), p-Akt, Akt and eNOS protein expressions in the serum-containing group were higher than those in model group (P<0.05), LY294002 blockade group removed the effect of the drug-containing serum. Conclusion:Danggui Buxuetang-containing serum has a protective effect on AngⅡ-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. One of its mechanisms may be the regulation of cardiomyocyte PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.关键词：Danggui Buxuetang;angiotensinⅡ;LY294002 blocker;ardiomyocyte hypertrophy;phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine threonine kinase (Akt) signaling pathway4|6|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To extract Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx diterpenes by heating reflux to determine the contents of diterpenes and study the effect of R. japonica var. glaucocalyx diterpenes on the liver Qi stagnation and kidney deficiency model of precancerous breast lesions. Method:Female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely normal group, tamoxifen citrate group, model group, and R. japonica var. glaucocalyx diterpenes group. All of the groups except for normal group were given DMBA combined with multi-composite stress. Changes in biological characterizations of rats were observed and recorded after successful modeling. Diterpenes were given to R. japonica var. glaucocalyx diterpenes group, while distilled water was given to normal group and model group. Intragastric administration was performed for consecutively 30 days. Thirty days later, blood was collected from abdominal cavity and breast tissues for pathological examination. Incidence of tumors was recorded. Serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was adopted for observing the pathological changes. Expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), chemokine receptor (CXCR4) protein and mRNA were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blot. Result:The dried products weighed 2.162 g, including 26.35% of diterpenes. Compared with normal group, a series of biological changes were observed in model group. The levels of E2 and P in R. japonica var. glaucocalyx diterpenes group were lower than those of model group (P<0.05). VEGF and CXCR4 protein and mRNA expressions were lower than those in model group(P<0.05). Conclusion:R. japonica var. glaucocalyx diterpenes can prohibit VEGF and CXCR4 mRNA and protein expressions, angiogenesis and chemokine receptor expressions, and regulate hormone levels in rats, so as to inhibit the carcinogenesis of precancerous breast lesions in rats.关键词：Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx;diterpenoids;precancerous breast lesion;liver Qi stagnation and kidney deficiency model vascular;endothelial growth factor (VEGF);chemokine receptor (CXCR4)4|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study the effect of Sarcandra hainanensis on synovial lesions and the expressions of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and MMP-9 in synoviocytes of rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA), and discuss relevant mechanism for anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Method:Sixty rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, nimesulide group, and high, medium and low-dose S. hainanensis groups (5.0, 2.5, 1.25 g·kg-1). Except for the control group, each group was injected with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) to establish the AA model. The rats were intragastrically (ig) administered for 28 days, then sampled and put to death. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes in synovial tissues. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the serum of rats were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of NF-κB, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in synovial tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Result:Compared with model group, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NO and PGE2 in serum of S. hainanensis group were decreased in different degrees, while the content of IL-10 was significantly increased. The expressions of NF-κB, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in synovial tissues of S. hainanensis group were lower than those in model group to varying degrees(P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion:S.hainanensis has an obvious anti-inflammatory effect on AA rats. Its mechanism of action may be down-regulation of the expressions of NF-κB, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in synovial tissues, so as to accelerate apoptosis and alleviate synovial lesions of RA.关键词：Sarcandra hainanensis;rheumatoid arthritis;nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB);matrix metalloproteinases;cytokines5|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the effect of Tongxie Yaofang with or without Saposhnikoviae Radix on colonic visceral hypersensitivity and brain-gut peptide in the diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS) rats. Method:Newly born SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, Tongxie Yaofang without Saposhnikoviae Radix group, Tongxie Yaofang group, Tongxie Yaofang with double Saposhnikoviae Radix group. Except for the control group, the rats in the other groups were separated from their mothers and given acetic acid by gavage to establish the D-IBS model. These rats in the each group were administered with corresponding drugs for two weeks. The score of abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) and the fecal moisture content in rats were measured. The contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and P substance (SP) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of corticotropin releasing factor (CRH) were determined by immunohistochemical technique. Result:The fecal moisture content, minimum volume threshold, 5-HT and SP levels and expression of CRH in experimental groups were significantly lower than those in model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the Tongxie Yaofang without Saposhnikoviae Radix group, the fecal moisture content, 5-HT and SP levels and expression of CRH in the Tongxie Yaofang group and the Tongxie Yaofang with double Saposhnikoviae Radix group decreased significantly, while the AWR score increased in different degrees (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion:Saposhnikoviae Radix can enhance the therapeutic effect of Tongxie Yaofang decoction in inhibitng visceral hypersensitivity and regulating brain-gut peptide at different targets in D-IBS rats.关键词：Saposhnikoviae Radix;Tongxie Yaofang;guiding action;irritable bowel syndrome;brain-gut axis5|9|11更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Jinshui Liujunjian combined with breathing exercises on patients with pneumoconiosis in stable phrase with syndrome of deficiency of lung, spleen and kidney. Method:A total of 114 patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 57 cases in each group. Patients in treatment group received routine western medicine combined with Jinshui Liujunjian and breathing function exercise, while patients in control group received only pure western medicine. Both groups were treated for 3 months. Life quality score (SGRQ), nutrition state, immune function and lung function were measured. Result:The SGRQ grade in treatment group after treatment were lower than before treatment in treatment group (P<0.01) and the control group (P<0.05). The nutritional indices (BMI, MAMC, ALB, PA) in treatment group after treatment were higher than those before treatment in treatment group and control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the level of IgG in the treatment group were higher than that before treatment (P<0.01), whereas the levels of CPR and CP were lower (P<0.01). Compared with control group, IgG and CP in treatment group were significantly different (P<0.01). Conclusion:Jinshui Liujunjian combined with breathing exercises can improve nutritional state, immunity and quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis in stable phrase, and thus is worth further promotion and application.关键词：Jinshui Liujunjian;breathing exercise;pneumoconiosis;quality of life;nutritional state;immune function;pulmonary function6|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To explore the efficacy of modified Wuhutang combined with azithromycin in treating children with phlegm heat closed lung type mycoplasma pneumoniaand and its effect on T lymphocyte subsets. Method:A total of 150 children with phlegm heat closed lung type mycoplasma pneumonia treated at our hospital from January 2015 to February 2017 were selected as research objectives and randomly divided into two groups, with 75 cases in each group. Azithromycin was provided to both groups; besides, modified Wuhutang was additionally administered to observation group. The two groups' clinical efficacy, T lymphocyte subsets and inflammatory cytokines before and after treatment were compared. Result:After 14 days of treatment, observation group's total effective rate was 98.67%, which was significantly higher than 88.00% of control group (P<0.01). Observation group's dry and wet rales, cough disappearance time and fever time were significantly shorter than those in control group (P<0.01). After 14 days of treatment, the two groups' CD4+ level, CD4+/CD8+ increased significantly (P<0.01), particularly in observation group (P<0.01). Observation group's CD8+ level decreased significantly (P<0.01), but there was no obvious change in control group. The two groups' serum interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α after 14 day of treatment was significantly lower than those before treatment, particularly in observation group (P<0.01). There was no significant adverse drug reaction in the two groups, and the incidence of adverse reactions in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion:Modified Wuhutang combined with azithromycin can effectively reduce inflammatory response and improve immune function of children with phlegm heat closed lung type mycoplasma pneumonia.关键词：modified Wuhutang;azithromycin;mycoplasma pneumonia in children;phlegm heat closed lung type;T lymphocyte subset6|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To explore the effect of modified Bazhengsan on postoperative retention of urine (UR) with symptom of downward flow of damp-heat after hemorrhoid fistula and urination function recovery time. Method:A total of 134 cases with UR after hemorrhoid fistula in our hospital from March 2015 to March 2017 were selected as research objectives and divided into two groups randomly. The same basic therapies were provided to both groups. Besides, neostigmine (Neo) was additionally administered to control group, while modified Bazhengsan was additionally administered to observation group. The two groups' visual analogue scale (VAS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score before and after treatment, first postoperative urination, clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were recorded and compared. Result:The two groups' VAS and SAS scores after treatment were significant lower than those before treatment (P<0.01), particularly the observation group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, observation group had a significantly shorter first postoperative urination time, with a significant decrease in residual urine volume (RUV) and a significant increase in maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) (P<0.01). After treatment, observation group's total effective rate was 94.0%, which was significantly higher than 79.1% of control group (P<0.05). There was no obvious adverse reaction/event in two groups. After treatment, the differences in incidence of urinary tract infection, hemorrhage, pain and re-occurrence of urinary retention were statistically significant between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion:Modified Bazhengsan can relieve clinical symptoms and signs among patients with retention of urine with symptom of downward flow of damp-heat after hemorrhoid fistula, with a better clinical efficacy than neostigmine.关键词：hemorrhoid fistula;postoperative urinary retention;symptom of downward flow of damp-heat sign;modified Bazhengsan;urination recovery time8|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of Qiju Dihuang Tang on patients with xeroma due to Yin deficiency of liver and kidney and its effect on tear secretion. Method:A total of 100 cases (200 eyes) with xeroma due to Yin deficiency of liver and kidney treated at Tongji Medical College, Huangzhong University of Science and Technology, the Central Hospital of Wuhan from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected as research objectives and divided into two groups randomly. All of the cases were provided with the same basic therapy. In addition, sodium hyaluronate eye drops were also provided to control group, while observation group was also given sodium hyaluronate eye drops and Qiju Dihuang Tang. The two groups' clinical efficacy, corneal fluorescein staining (FL), schirmer I test (SIT), breakup time of tear film (BUT), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) before and after treatment, as well as the score of national eye institute visual function questionaire-25 (NEI-VFQ-25) were recorded and compared. Result:After 3 courses of treatment, observation group's overall effective rate was 88.0%, which was significant higher than 68.0% of control group(P<0.05). The two groups' FL scores after 3 course treatment were significant lower than those before treatment(P<0.01), but NEI-VFQ-2 score, SIT, BUT increased (P<0.01). All of the mentioned indexes in observation group was increased more significantly (P<0.01). The two groups' tear TNF-α, IL-6 after 3 courses of treatment were significant lower than those before treatment (P<0.01). And inflammatory indexes in the tear increased more significantly in observation group (P<0.01). Conclusion:Qiju Dihuang Tang helps cases with xeroma due to Yin deficiency of liver and kidney to reduce corneal injury, increase tear secretion, relieve eye inflammation, and improve the quality of life, with a significant clinical efficacy.关键词：Qiju Dihuang Tang;Yin deficiency of liver and kidney;xeroma;tear secretion;inflammatory factor;quality of life4|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the efficacy of Sijunzi Tang on bone marrow suppression of lung cancer in chemotherapy with syndrome of deficiency of both Qi and Yin,and tpexplore its effect on serum granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Method:One hundred and four cases of patients with advanced pulmonary carcinomas were randomly divided into observation group (52 cases) and control group (52 cases). The patients in control group were treated with chemotherapy regimen (TP). Based on the treatment in control group, the patients in observation group additionally received Sijunzi Tang from the first day of chemotherapy, bid, until 1 week after chemotherapy. Degree of bone marrow suppression, symptom score of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), leukopenia, and recent clinical efficacy were compared in two between groups. Peripheral blood T-cell subsets CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ changes were detected in both groups. Application amount of Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor Injection (rhG-CSF) was recorded in both groups, and the levels of GM-CSF and G-CSF in serum were also detected in both groups. Result:One week after treatment, the counts of neutrophils, hemoglobin, platelets, and white blood cells in observation group were obviously higher than those in control group (P<0.01). The incidence of neutropenia and leukopenia was evidently lower than that in the control gorup (P<0.05). One week after treatment, TCM symptom scores and leukopenia scores were remarkably lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Recent efficacy rate was 86.27% in observation group, superior to 66% in control group (P<0.05). Observation group CD3+ and CD4+ in were obviously higher, while CD8+ was lower than those of control group one week after treatment(P<0.01). Application amount of rhG-CSF in observation group was obviously less than that in control group (P<0.01), and the levels of GM-CSF and G-CSF in serum of observation group were evidently higher than those of control group one week after treatment(P<0.01). Conclusion:Adjuvant therapy of Sijunzi Tang in patients with chemotherapy for late lung cancer with syndrome of deficiency of both Qi and Yin can improve bone marrow suppression degree, reduce occurrence rate of bone marrow suppression, and increase efficacy. Improvement of immunity and up-regulation of GM-CSF and G-CSF levels in serum may be one of its curative pathways.关键词：Sijunzi Tang;lung cancer;chemotherapy;bone marrow suppression4|6|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To discuss the effect of Danhong injection on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and its active mechanism on anti-inflammation, endothelial function and anti-thrombosis after the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Method:One hundred and seventy patients with coronary heart disease after PCI were divided into control group and observation group by random number table. Patients in control group got aspirin enteric-coated tablets, 100 mg/time, 1 time/day. Clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate tablets, 75 mg/time, 1 time/day. Atorvastatin calcium tablets, 20 mg/time, 1 time/day. Metoprolol sustained-release tablets, 200 mg/time, 2 times/day. And isosorbide dinitrate, 5-10 mg/time, 2 times/day. In addition to the therapy of control group, patients in observation group also got 40 mL Danhong injection after PCI, which was dissolved in 250 mL 5% glucose injection for intravenous drip, 2 times/day. A course of treatment was 14 days. Both groups' MACE were recorded before and after treatment. Endothelin (ET), nitric oxide (NO), homocysteine (HCY), von willebrand factor (vWF) and flow mediated dilatation (FMD) were detected. And levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), fibrinogen (FIB), D-dimer (D-D), degree of platelet activation (expression of receptor complexes, such as platelet membrane glycoprotein CD63, CD62 p, GPⅡb/Ⅲa) and hemorheology were also detected. Scores of six-minute walking test (6 MWT), blood stasis syndrome and Seattle angina questionnaire (SAQ) were scored. Result:The cumulative incidence in observation group was 21.52%, which was lower than 37.46% in control group (χ2=5.371, P<0.05). After treatment, levels of ET-1, vWF and Hcy in observation group were lower than those in control group, while levels of NO and FMD in observation group were higher than those in control group (P<0.01). And levels of hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, ICAM-1, FIB, D-D,CD63, CD62 p and GPⅡb/Ⅲa in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Full blood viscosity (low cut, high cut), plasma viscosity and the whole blood reduced viscosity in observation group were alleviated more significantly than those in control group (P<0.01). And the 6 MWT in observation group was longer than that in control group. Score of blood stasis syndrome in observation group was lower than that in control group. Score of SAQ in observation group was higher than that in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion:Danhong injection can ameliorate vascular endothelial function of patients with coronary heart disease after PCI, with effects in resisting inflammation and thrombus, ameliorating vascular endothelial function, alleviating clinical symptoms, relieving cumulative incidence of MACE and improving quality of life.关键词：coronary heart disease;percutaneous coronary intervention;Danhong injection;anti-inflammation;vascular endothelial function;Anti-thrombus4|6|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:Matlab R2013a was adopted to analyze the composition principles of formulae containing Rhapontici Radix in Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription,and to provide a basis for clinical medication of Rhapontici Radix and expand its range of application. Method:To collect data of the prescription containing Rhapontici Radix in Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription,logging the data in the software of Matlab R2013a by specified format,the methods of correspondence analysis,weighted rank-sum ratio(WRSR) comprehensive evaluation and correlation analysis were used to analyze the time characteristics and composition principles of Rhapontici Radix in application. Result:The database recorded a total of 287 formulae.We found 58 common compositions to treat sore and ulcer,it often mixed with Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,Cimicifugae Rhizoma and so on;and found 23 common compositions to treat hypogalactia,it often mixed with Trichosanthis Fructus;and found 38 common compositions to treat dermatosis,it often mixed with Tribulus terrestris,Scrophulariae Radux and so on.The using of common compositions was stable and especial,the formulae were reasonable. Conclusion:Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription has a wide range of compatible drugs for Rhapontici Radix.The characteristics of treatment are clear.The assay has reflected the different characteristics in different periods and indications.It has a certain of guiding significance for modern clinical of Rhapontici Radix.关键词：Rhapontici Radix;formulae;compatibility relationship;Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription;rank-sum ratio;correspondence analysis;correlation analysis6|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the important chronic complications of diabetic patients. Because the most important feature of diabetic is glomerular cell sclerosis, type 1 and type 2 diabetes have a certain probability of suffering from DN, which may finally develop to kidney necrosis. Life and health of diabetic patients are directly threatened by DN. Benefited from the rapid advance of modern medical technology, fewer and fewer diabetic patients died of ketoacidosis. Currently, the main cause for diabetes deaths is various complications of diabetes, such as DN and cardiovascular disease caused by diabetes. DN is the most serious chronic microvascular complication for diabetic patients, as well as one of important causes for the death of DN. The inflammatory response process plays a very important role in the development and progress of DN. At present, many studies have reported relevant reviews of diabetic nephropathy, finding that diabetic nephropathy-associated inflammatory factors mainly include C-reactive protein, transforming growth factor-β, DN, inflammatory signaling pathway nuclear factor(NF)-κB signal transduction pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signal transduction pathway. This paper summarizes the pathogenesis of DN and the prevention and treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, in order to provide a reference for early prevention of DN and later intervention and treatment.关键词：diabetic;diabetic nephropathy;inflammatory mechanism;traditional Chinese medicine6|6|22更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：To provide a general top-level structure to the domain ontology experts by introducing basic formal ontology (BFO),which facilitated the interoperability of terminology created by experts in various fields. On the basis of brief introduction of BFO and other top-level ontologies,this paper briefly summarized the domain ontologies based on BFO,and took top ontology of bioscience (BioTop) and ontology for general medical science(OGMS) as examples. There were 227 domain-based ontologies based on BFO,25 of which were related to the disease. BFO has been widely used in the field of biomedical field.The introduction of BFO in the construction of domain ontology not only can improve the quality of data,reduce the redundant work,but also provide the framework and foundation for the construction of domain ontology,which can provide the possibility for future interaction and sharing in knowledge.关键词：basic formal ontology;top ontology;interaction;biomedical field;ontology for general medical science4|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：In recent years, the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has sharply increased because of the increasing major traumatic accidents, such as wars, natural disasters, traffic accidents and violent crimes. PTSD is a long-term persistent mental disorder that is caused by unusual threatening or catastrophic psychological trauma. Over the past decade, the incidence of PTSD has increased year by year, which causes high concerns from the public. This paper retrieved clinical and experimental literatures on treating antagonism of PTSD with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) collected by CNKI from 2006 to 2016.It also overviewed the effect of TCM in antagonizing PTSD in the following six aspects:scope of TCM syndromes related to PTSD; understanding of etiology and pathogenesis of PTSD in TCM; clinical syndrome differentiation, prescription and medication for PTSD; clinical study on treating PTSD with TCM; clinical study on treating PTSD with acupuncture; experimental study of TCM in antagonizing PTSD. According to the summary and analysis of the retrieved literatures, most scholars classified PTSD into the following categories:Baihe disease, lethargy, palpitations, insomnia, forgetfulness, syncope syndrome, depression syndrome, up-rushing gas syndrome, globus hysteriocus. The clinical syndrome differentiation of PTSD involves heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney, especially heart and liver. Electro-acupuncture at acupoints has a significant efficacy in the treatment of PTSD. The experimental results of antagonizing PTSD show that the changes in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in hippocampus region receptor expression and the regulation of HPA axis are the targets or key links of TCM in antagonizing PTSD. The preliminary analysis was made on the problems in studies on the effect of TCM in antagonizing PTSD.关键词：Chinese medicine;post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD);experimental study;clinical study4|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：In modern society, people pay more and more attention to traditional Chinese medicine, and the quality of Chinese herbal medicine directly determines the effect. However, there is not much theoretical guidance on planting or producing as well as research on regionalization of medicinal herbs' producing areas, leading to the continuing decline of quality, yield and price. This situation results in the short supply of high-quality drugs in the market, and has a direct impact to the economy and people of those medicinal herbs' planting areas. Several studies have found that the quality of Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus is uneven through different areas with aging, quality difference, and other problems. Meanwhile, the ecological environment has a significant impact on the quality and output of herbal medicine. In order to solve the problem of production of high quality medicinal materials, we found that the ecological suitability research method was one of the methods to find out the better relationship between the quality of Chinese herbal medicine and environmental factors, playing an important role in Zhejiang Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus national suitability origins zoning, determination of genuine producing areas, and discovery of new suitable planting areas for medicinal materials. The resource status of Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus, material quality evaluation and ecological adaptation research methods were reviewed in this paper, to provide new ideas and methods for conservation, comprehensive utilization and production of Zhejiang Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus drug resource, which is helpful to solve the present problems of production degradation,quality declining, yield reduction and other issues of Chinese herbal medicines represented by Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus.关键词：Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus;Chinese herbal medicine;quality;ecological suitability;traditional Chinese medicine resources4|6|9更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To systemically explore the ethnopharmacological resources of Chinese Clematis plants, and provide scientific basis for its sustainable utilization. Method:A variety of herbal books, literature and data were consulted for statistics and analysis. Result:①Our investigations indicated that 49 species have been used as diuretic, wind expelling and pain relieving drugs in 29 minorities of China, mostly with the whole plant and roots as the main medicinal parts, and stems are also used sometimes. ②These medicinal plants are mainly distributed in Sect. Clematis of Subgen. Clematis and Sect. Viorna of Subgen. Viorna. ③The plants in this genus have a wide spectrum of constituents, mainly including triterpenoid saponins,flavonoids and lignans are the main components. Modern pharmacological studies show that most of them have analgesic, diuretic, anti-tumor and anti-arthritic effects, consistent with the traditional effects. ④The quality control of Clematis medicinal plants has made considerable progress, but the overall level is relatively low. Conclusion:For the development of our pharmaceutical industry, it is important to further study these ethnic medicinal plants' pharmacodynamic material basis, pharmaceutical activity, and standard planting technique, which can provide basis for reasonable utilization of Clematis medicinal plant materials.关键词：Clematis;medicinal plant;ethnopharmacological resource6|6|6更新时间：2024-01-04
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