最新刊期
卷 24 ， 期 3 ， 2018
- 摘要：Objective:To study on transdermal diffusion behavior of active ingredients from compound Nanxing Zhitong plaster in different media. Method:The improved Franz diffusing cell was adopted with skin of nude mice in vitro as transdermal barrier.The transdermal diffusion behavior of active ingredients in compound Nanxing Zhitong plaster was carried with physiological saline,pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution or 30% polyethylene glycol(PEG)400 normal saline as the receiving medium.The chromatographic condition was established to determine the contents of cinnamic acid, paeonol, eugenol, cinnamic aldehyde and methyl salicylate in the sample.HPLC separation was performed on detection wavelengths of 276 nm and 320 nm by using acetonitrile-0.1% acetic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. Result:With physiological saline and pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution as the receiving media,the diffusion regulation of paeonol and eugenol accorded with zero order kinetics and the first-order kinetics equation,while the diffusion action of methyl salicylate accorded with Ritger-Peppas equation.Cinnamic acid and cinnamic aldehyde had reciprocal transformation in the physiological saline.After diffusion of 10 h,the release amount of cinnamic acid increased significantly,while cinnamic aldehyde had a big drop.Cinnamic acid and cinnamic aldehyde were no longer increased after 10 h with the saturation condition in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution.With 30% PEG400 normal saline as the receiving medium,the diffusion regulation of paeonol and eugenol also accorded with zero order kinetics and the first-order kinetics equation,while the diffusion action of methyl salicylate was closer to the Higuchi equation.The transformation of cinnamic acid and cinnamic aldehyde was not obvious in 30% PEG400 normal saline,after diffusion of 12 h,the release amount of cinnamic acid released continuously,while cinnamic aldehyde was no longer released after the release finished. Conclusion:When 30% PEG400 normal saline as receiving medium,transdermal diffusion rates of active ingredients in compound Nanxing Zhitong plaster are significantly better than the other two receiving media,and it can inhibit the conversion of cinnamic aldehyde to cinnamic acid.关键词：compound Nanxing Zhitong plaster;transdermal diffusion;cinnamic acid;paeonol;eugenol;cinnamic aldehyde;methyl salicylate4|6|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study on the material basis of antioxidant activity of Sanguotang by establishing its HPLC fingerprints and determining its antioxidant activity. Method:Nine samples of Sanguotang were extracted by reflux method and orthogonal test.Fingerprints were analyzed by HPLC,1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine(DPPH) assays was established to determine the antioxidant activity of Sanguotang.The spectrum-effect correlation was investigated by partial least square method,and the active chromatographic peaks were screened out. Result:HPLC fingerprints of Sanguotang was established,and the similarities were more than 0.90.And 27 common peaks were identified,the variable projection importance(VIP) values of these 12 peaks were more than 1.0,indicating that the 12 peaks played an important role in the antioxidant activity of Sanguotang.By comparison with the reference substances,the peak 5,10,20,23,27 were determined as gallic acid,gallocatechin,corilagin,epicatechin gallate and ellagic acid,respectively. Conclusion:The antioxidant activity of Sanguotang is the result of synergistic effect of multiple components,its material basis can be analyzed by spectrum-effect relationship,which can provide basis for the quality control of Sanguotang.6|6|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish a quantitative evaluation method for the color of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma charcoal in order to standardize the subjective and abstract sensory evaluation. Method:The red,green and blue values(RGB values) about the outer surface and powder color of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma charcoal with different processing degree were determined,colors included already colored and uncolored.Correlation analysis was conducted by SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Result:Each color RGB values of each sample had the rule of R value>G value>B value,and the sum of RGB values was consistent with the corresponding values of R value,G value and B value.Through correlation analysis,there was a highly significant correlation between the color of the surface before and after colouring;and whether it's colored or not,there was a significant correlation between the outer surface color and the uncolored powder color,the correlation coefficients were 0.708 and 0.639. Conclusion:The sum of uncolored powder RGB values can objectively reflect the color information of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma charcoal.The method of quantitative analysis of the color of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma charcoal has been established to transform the abstract visual color into the quantified and figurative RGB values.The successful creation of this visual color makes the quantification and standardization of sensory evaluation possible,which will facilitate the improvement of the accuracy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) quality evaluation.At the same time,it also provides a certain experimental basis and reference for the quantitative and standardization of other TCM sensory evaluation.关键词：Rhei Radix et Rhizoma;color;quantitative analysis;Rhei Radix et Rhizoma charcoal;quality evaluation4|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To prepare liposomes of paeonol modified with vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) antibody for preventing and treating hypertrophic scars,and establish its quality evaluation method,as well as study on its dermal retention effect. Method:The liposomes of paeonol modified with VEGF antibody were prepared by thin-film dispersion-ultrasonic method.Taking encapsulation efficiency as index,Box-Behnken response surface methodology was used to optimize the preparation process.The morphology of the liposomes was observed by transmission electron microscopy,particle size and Zeta potential were measured by particle size analyzer,dermal retention effect of the liposomes was determined by Franz diffusion cell method. Result:The optimal preparation conditions were as follows:phospholipid concentration of 7.36 g·L-1,lecithin-cholesterol-paeonol-(pNP-PEG3000-DOPE)-(BVE-PEG3000-DOPE)(14:5:4:0.28:0.05),film forming temperature of 41℃,stripping with pH 7.5 sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution,ultrasonic time of 3 min(ultrasonic time of 2 s,the interval of 3 s,power of 300 W);under these conditions,encapsulation efficiency of the liposomes was (73.61±2.36)%,particle size was (235.7±4.67) nm and Zeta potential was -(5.13±0.25) mV.Transdermal rate of liposomes of paeonol modified with VEGF antibody was slow and its dermal retention effect was remarkable. Conclusion:This optimized preparation process is reasonable and feasible with high encapsulation efficiency,good in vitro transdermal properties and sustained release effect.Liposomes of paeonol modified with VEGF antibody has obvious retention effect in the dermis layer,which is significantly higher than paeonol liposomes and paeonol raw material.关键词：paeonol;vascular endothelial growth factor;liposomes;dermal retention effect;bevacizumab4|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To compare the differences about general micromeritics properties of Bletillae Rhizoma powders and in vitro dissolution of total polysaccharides in this herb,in order to provide evidence for application and particle size control of Bletillae Rhizoma powder. Method:Particle sizes of Bletillae Rhizoma powders were determined by dry and wet laser particle size analyzer,bulk density,angle of repose and hygroscopicity of Bletillae Rhizoma powder were investigated and evaluated.In vitro cumulative dissolution rates of Bletillae Rhizoma powder in different dissolution medium were detected by stirring paddle method. Result:The micromeritics properies of Bletillae Rhizoma powder has changed,with the decreased of particle size,liquidity decreased and moisture weakened.The in vitro dissolution of Bletillae Rhizoma powder reduced with the particle size decreased.The cumulative dissolution of fine powder and finest powder were higher than micropowder in distilled water and simulated gastric fluid;the dissolution rate and the cumulative dissolution rate of fine powder was significantly higher than the other powders in the simulated intestinal fluid.The order of different dissolution medium for Bletillae Rhizoma powders by cumulative dissolution rates was simulated gastric fluid>distilled water>simulated intestinal fluid. Conclusion:Particle size of Bletillae Rhizoma powder has obvious effect on the dissolution of total polysaccharides and the dissolution medium has an obvious influence on the dissolution rates,which provides a reference for screening optimal particle size of Bletillae Rhizoma powder in clinical application.关键词：Bletillae Rhizoma;powder;micromeritics properies;in vitro dissolution;particle size;hygroscopicity;polysaccharide5|6|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study on the absorption characteristics of polydatin and resveratrol from Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix extract in the stomach and small intestine of rats. Method:In situ single pass intestinal perfusion model in rats was adopted,taking contents of polydatin and resveratrol as indexes,HPLC was employed to determine contents of polydatin and resveratrol before and after being perfused Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix extract for investigating their absorption characteristics in the stomach and small intestine of rats. Result:The absorption rate of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix extract was proportional to drug concentration in the stomach.Absorption rate of polydatin in Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix extract with low dose showed significant difference(P<0.05) when compared with the middle and high dose groups,but there was no significant difference between the middle dose group and the high dose group.The absorption rates of resveratrol at different dose groups indicated significant deviation by SPSS 17.0(F=609.724,P<0.05).When the dose of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix extract was 600 mg·L-1,the absorption rate constants (Ka) of polydatin and resveratrol were 0.925,0.575 h-1,respectively.The Ka and absorption rates of polydatin and resveratrol in different dose groups were not significantly different. Conclusion:Polydatin in Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix extract has a concentration saturation phenomenon in the stomach,its mechanism may be an active absorption or facilitated diffusion;while the absorption rate of resveratrol in the stomach increased with the increase of extract concentration,this suggests that the resveratrol might be absorbed in the stomach via passive transport mechanism.Different concentrations of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix extract had no effect on the intestinal absorption of polydatin and resveratrol,and absorption is not saturated,this suggests that polydatin and resveratrol may be absorbed in intestine via passive diffusion mechanism.关键词：Absorption Kinetics;polydatin;resveratrol;Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix;extract;in situ intestinal perfusion model;phenol red6|8|2更新时间：2024-01-04
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Comparison of Quality Changes of Angelicae Sinensis Radix Treated by Ozone Gas and Sulfur Fumigation
摘要：Objective:To provide theoretical basis for the feasibility of ozone treatment technology as a select alternative technology to sulfur fumigation by comparing the quality of Angelicae Sinensis Radix after ozone treatment and sulfur fumigation treatment. Method:Angelicae Sinensis Radix was treated with intermittent ozone gas and sulfur fumigation process,respectively.The content of ferulic acid in Angelicae Sinensis Radix was determined by RP-HPLC.The volatile oil from Angelicae Sinensis Radix was extracted by steam distillation and its chemical constituents were determined by GC-MS.The microbial content was taken as the index,the effect of different treatments on the storage period of Angelicae Sinensis Radix was evaluated. Result:Compared with the untreated Angelicae Sinensis Radix,the content of ferulic acid decreased 23.72% and 34.43% after ozone and sulfur fumigation treatment,respectively.After ozone and sulfur fumigation treatment,the color,content and compositions of volatile oil from Angelicae Sinensis Radix were changed,the amount of volatile oil decreased by 53.85% and 76.92%,the content of ligustilide decreased by 10.65% and 9.32%,respectively.The microbial content in Angelicae Sinensis Radix after ozone treatment was less than that of sulfur fumigation treatment. Conclusion:The changes in chemical composition of Angelicae Sinensis Radix treated with ozone are less than that of sulfur fumigation treatment.It is expected to be an alternative to sulfur fumigation treatment of Angelicae Sinensis Radix.关键词：Angelicae Sinensis Radix;ozone;sulfur fumigation;volatile oil;ferulic acid;ligustilide;microbes4|7|4更新时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective:To investigate the differences and correlations of steroidal saponins and principal components in rhizomes and leaves of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis from different planting base. Method:The differences and correlations of steroidal saponins and principal components in the rhizomes and leaves of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from different planting base were qualitative analysis by LC-MS. Result:PolyphyllinⅠ,polyphyllin Ⅱ,polyphyllin Ⅲ(dioscin),polyphyllin Ⅴ,polyphyllin Ⅵ,polyphyllin Ⅶ,polyphyllin H and gracillin were detected in the rhizomes and leaves of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from different planting base;polyphyllin Ⅰ,polyphyllin Ⅲ(dioscin),polyphyllin Ⅴ and polyphyllin Ⅶ were the main existing forms of steroidal saponins in the rhizomes of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from different planting base;polyphyllin Ⅴ and polyphyllin Ⅵ were the main existing forms of steroidal saponins in the leaves of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from different planting base;it can be classified into four categories according to the principal component analysis(PCA) model of the LC-MS data under the positive ion mode of rhizomes and leaves of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from different planting base,the principal component in rhizomes of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from Weishan,Nanjian,Midu and Qujing was classified into the same category with principal component in the leaves of samples from different planting base. Conclusion:There are significant differences of eight main steroidal saponins in the rhizomes and leaves of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from different planting base;there is significant differences of principal component in the rhizomes of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from different planting base,but there is little differences in the leaves.关键词：Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis;rhizome;leaf;liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry;steroidal saponins;dioscin;principal component analysis4|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish a method for the analysis of volatile chemical compositions and determination of muscone in Moschus, explore the impact of species and producing areas on the quality of Moschus, and provide scientific basis for its quality evaluation. Method:Chemical compositions and contents of muscone in Moschus were analyzed by GC-MS, and chemometric analysis methods such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to comprehensively evaluate the effect of different species and producing areas on the quality of Moschus. Result:The volatile chemical compositions in three kinds of natural moschus (Moschus berezovskii, M. sifanicus, M. moschiferus) were similar and mainly included muscone, androsterone, dehydroepiandrosterone acetate, androstanediol, cholesterol and cholestanol, et al, but the relative contents of those compounds were different among the natural moschus of different species and producing areas. Artificial Moschus mainly contained muscone, epiandrosterone, ethyl oleate, hydroxybenzoic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid, et al, which was very different from natural Moschus. The average content of muscone was (1.21±0.42)% in M. berezovskii from different producing areas, (0.26±0.15)% in M. sifanicus from different producing areas, 5.68% in M. moschiferus from Anhui province, and 5.07% in artificial Moschus. Conclusion:The Moschus of different species and producing areas had different chemical compositions and content of muscone, suggesting that different species and producing areas had great effects on the quality of Moschus, so it is necessary to pay attention to species and producing areas in the process of musk domestication; meanwhile, the artificial Moschus and natural Moschus also showed great differences in chemical compositions, suggesting that ratio in artificial Moschus prescription needs to be further optimized.关键词：Moschus;GC-MS;chemometrics;species;producing area;content determination8|8|13更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To provide scientific evidence for development and utilization of Eureka lemon flower so as to effectively make use of lemon and promote the industry chain by analyzing and identifying the chemical constituents of essential oil by GC-MS. Method:The essential oil of Eureka lemon flower was extracted by steam distillation and the oil yield was calculated. The oil sample was analyzed by GC-MS, and the chemical components were identified by combining mass NIST 14.0 spectrometry database with retention index (RI) and documents, then the peak area normalization method was used to calculate the relative percentage of each ingredient. Result:The essential oil yield was 0.36%. A total of 76 components were detected and 64 components were identified, accounting for 98.94% of the total constituents. The chemical compositions from lemon flower volatile oil mainly included olefin (28) 81.90%, alcohol (14) 12.28%, aldehydes (6) 3.34%, esters (5) 0.45%, and alkane (6) 0.79%, etc. Its major components included d-limonene(59.88%), β-pinene(5.52%), (Z)-β-ocimene(5.33%), trans-nerolidol(4.84%), 3,7,11-trimethyl-6,10-dodecadien-1-ol(4.49%), γ-terpinene(4.11%), etc. Conclusion:Most components of flower essential oil were similar to those in the leaves, which both include d-limonene, β-pinene and other active constituents. Beside that, the content of d-limonene (59.88%) was much higher than that in the literature of lemon leaves (17.22%), indicating that Eureka lemon flowers have potential exploitation value.关键词：Eureka lemon;flower;essential oil;GC-MS;chemical compounds6|7|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To compare the contents and compositions of volatile oil from rhizome of Curcuma wenyujin under different degrees of drying. Method:The volatile oil yields were obtained by steam distillation and the compositions of the volatile oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Result:①The volatile oil yield showed a inverse V tendency under drying in the shade, and the peak value (6.7 μg·g-1) reached at 30 d of drying in the shade. ②There were no obvious changes in the compositions of the volatile oil in the first 30 d of drying, but after that, the types or contents of low-boiling point volatile components were decreased significantly. ③The contents of some chemical compositions such as curzerene did not change significantly in the process of drying in the shade. ④But some effective chemical compositions such as β-elemene, neocurdione and 1,2-bis(1-methylethyl)-benzene showed an increasing trend. Conclusion:These results showed that drying treatment may have an important effect on the yield and quality of the volatile oil from rhizome of C. wenyujin. In the practical production, proper drying shall be carried out according to the application purposes. This study has laid a theoretical foundation for the initial processing of C. wenyujin.关键词：Curcuma wenyujin;essential oil;GC-MS;dry degree4|8|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method for rapid determination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) in traditional Chinese animal medicines (TCAM), and evaluate the contamination of two aflatoxins in the sample of 6 frequently-used TCAM. Method:The sample was extracted with 84% acetonitrile; then the extract was evaporated and the residue was re-suspended in methanol. The separation was carried out on a high performance liquid chromatograph equipped with a C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 3 μm), with methanol-4.0 mmol·L ammonium acetate-0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The quantification was carried out with a tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer by using selective reaction monitoring (SRM) in positive ion mode. Result:The matrix effect for AFB1 and AFG1 in 6 TCAMs was acceptable, ranging from 82% to 119%. Recovery tests were performed with Hirudo as the representative matrix at three different concentration levels (low, middle, and high). The absolute recoveries and the extraction recoveries of AFB1 and AFG1 were between 80% and 117%. Precision RSD was between 1.8%-7.5% and repeatability RSD was between 5.1%-14%. The developed method was applied to evaluate the contamination of two aflatoxins in 55 samples of 6 TCAMs, and 4 of these 55 samples were contaminated, of which Eupolyphaga Steleophage samples showed a contamination rate of 33.3% with a contamination level of 1.26-26.3 μg·kg-1. Conclusion:TCAMs like Eupolyphaga Steleophage are susceptible to aflatoxin contamination and attentions should thus be paid to their potential hazards. It is necessary to take appropriate measures to reduce the risk of aflatoxin contamination in various sections during the production of medicinal materials.关键词：AFB1;AFG1;traditional Chinese animal medicines;LC-MS/MS;Hirudo6|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To determinate the contents of protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and rutinin in Blumea riparia by HPLC, and provide references for its quality control. Method:The HPLC analysis was carried out by Inertsil ODS-3 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile (A)-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (B) as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The detection wavelength was set at 256 nm (0-15 min, protocatechuic acid), 327 nm (15-30 min, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid), and 360 nm (30-60 min, rutin). In addition, the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1 and column temperature was 20℃. Result:Protocatechuic acid,chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and rutin showed good linearity in the range of 0.007-0.13 μg (r=0.999 98), 0.219-4.38 μg (r=0.999 94), 0.014-0.28 μg (r=0.999 97) and 0.049-0.98 μg (r=0.999 97) respectively, and the recovery of those 4 components were 98.84% (RSD 2.2%), 101.16% (RSD 0.9%), 98.00% (RSD 2.8%) and 101.73% (RSD 1.4%) respectively. The content determination results showed that the contents of protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid and rutinin were higher in Pingguo samples; and the content of caffeic acid was higher in Jingxi and Sichuan samples. Conclusion:The established method can be used to determine the contents of protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and rutin. Such stable, reliable and repeatable analytical model can provide a reference for the quality evaluation and its control on Blumea riparia.6|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish a comprehensive quality control method for Shangke Jiegu tablets based on organic and inorganic double factors by using HPLC and ICP-MS, in order to improve its quality control standard. Method:The fingerprint of 10 batches of the Shangke Jiegu tablets was established by HPLC, and their similarity was calculated with the similarity evaluation system. Semi-quantitative analysis of the inorganic elements was done for 10 batches of the Shangke Jiegu tablets by ICP-MS. In the process of data analysis, MPP software was employed for principal component analysis (PCA) to screen difference elements. Combining with related literature, full-quantitative analysis was done for the difference elements and heavy metals associated with efficacy as well as harmful elements. Result:The HPLC fingerprint of the Shangke Jiegu tablets was set up based on multi-wavelength fusion. 27 common peaks were marked and the similarity among samples was over 0.92.Combining with the results of semi-quantitative analysis and related literature, full-quantitative analysis was done for 12 inorganic elements, including common elements (Ca, Mg, K, Na), trace elements (Fe, Zn, Mn), and heavy metals and harmful elements (Cu, Hg, As, Pb, Cd). The quality evaluation system was set up based on organic and inorganic double factors. Conclusion:The method with good reproducibility is simple and accurate, providing foundation for the quality control of Shangke Jiegu tablets based on organic and inorganic double factors.关键词：Shangke Jiegu tablets;fingerprint;inorganic elements;quality control4|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish the flavonoids fingerprints of one or two years old Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix from different areas in Gansu province, provide reference for scientific evaluation of the intrinsic quality of Gansu Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix, and clarify the basis on whether Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix can be alternatively used. Method:HPLC was used to determine the flavonoids fingerprints of 28 batches of one or two years Hedysari Radix and 28 batches of one or two years Astragali Radix in Gansu. Chromatographic conditions:Agilent ZROBAX-C18, mobile phase acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution, gradient elution, flowrate 1.0 mL·min-1, detection wavelength 254 nm, and column temperature 35℃. Result:The flavonoids fingerprint showed 19 common peaks in one or two years old Hedysari Radix, and 14 common peaks in one or two years Astragali Radix, 9 common peaks in one year old Astragali Radix and Hedysari Radix, and 8 common peaks in two years old Astragali Radix and Hedysari Radix. Among them, the average similarity was 0.976 in one year Hedysari Radix from different areas, 0.888 in two years Hedysari Radix, 0.986 in one year Astragali Radix from different areas, and 0.911 in two years Astragali Radix; the similarity was 0.534 between one year Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix, and 0.490 between two years Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix. Conclusion:The method is reproducible and the established fingerprints provide the basis for the quality control and evaluation of Gansu Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix. The similarity of Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix in Gansu was very low, and the similarity decreased with the increase of age, so these two samples are not suitable for alternative use.关键词：Gansu;Hedysari Radix;Astragali Radix;flavonoids;HPLC;fingerprint4|8|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish a method for the determination of nine alkaloids in plasma at different time points after oral administration of two dosage forms of Fuzi Lizhongwan,in order to determine refined honey whether have any impact on the pharmacokinetic behavior of the main alkaloids. Method:SD rats were given two different kinds of Fuzi Lizhongwan(big honeyed pill of 19.44 g·kg-1 and water-honeyed pill of 19.22 g·kg-1) with different amount of honey.Blood concentrations were measured at different time points after administration,and the concentrations of 9 alkaloids in the plasma were determined by RRLC-TQ-MS.The plasma concentration-time curves were drawn and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Result:Eight of nine alkaloids were detected in rat plasma.For diester alkaloids,the AUC,Cmax,Tmax and t1/2 of aconitine,mesaconitine and hypaconitine were big honeyed pill>water-honeyed pill,and clearance rate(CL) was the big honeyed pillTmax and t1/2 of benzoylmesaconine and benzoylhypaconine were big honeyed pillCmax and CL were big honeyed pill >water-honeyed pill.Benzoylaconine was not detected.For alcohol amine alkaloids,the AUC,Tmax and t1/2 of aconine,mesaconine and hypaconine were big honeyed pill< water-honeyed pill,and Cmax and CL were big honeyed pill>water-honeyed pill. Conclusion:The refined honey can affect the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the main alkaloid components in Fuzi Lizhongwan.Compared with the water-honeyed pill,times to peak of diester alkaloids in big honeyed pill are extended and the elimination rates are slowed down,which suggesting that refined honey in the formula can play a role in delaying absorption.关键词：pharmacokinetics;refined honey;Fuzi Lizhongwan;diester alkaloids;monoester alkaloids;alcohol amine alkaloids;RRLC-TQ-MS8|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the effect of Shuwei decoction on expressions of IP3 receptor (inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor, IP3R), ryanodine receptor(RyR)protein and mRNA expression of intestinal cells of Cajal (ICC) of rats model of functional dyspepsia (FD), in order to explore the mechanism of Shuwei decoction in the treatment of FD in the aspect of calcium channel adjustment. Method:Totally 15 Wistar rats were randomly divided into the blank group, the model group and the Shuwei decoction group (30.68 g·kg-1). The model group and the Shuwei decoction group were treated by the compound etiological modeling method for 21 day to replicate the FD model. After intragastric administration for 14 d, blood was collected to prepare drug-containing serum. Intestinal smooth muscle in subcultured ICC cells was taken from 2-3-week-old Wistar rats, and were divided into blank serum group (group A), model serum group (group B), Shuwei decoction 5%-containing serum group (group C), Shuwei decoction 10%-containing serum group (group D), and Shuwei decoction 15%-containing serum group (group E). When the cells were fused to 60%-80%, corresponding serums were added to each group and incubated for 24 h. IP3R and RyR were detected by Western blot, and IP3R and RyR mRNA expressions were detected by Real-time PCR. Result:Western blot results showed that compared with group A, the expressions of IP3R-1, IP3R-2, IP3R-3, RyR-1, RyR-2, RyR-3B protein in group B were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with group B, the expressions of IP3R, RyR protein in group D and E were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Real-time PCR results showed that mRNA expressions of IP3R and RyR were significantly decreased compared with group A (P<0.01). Compared with group B, mRNA expressions of IP3R and RyR in group D and E were significantly increased (P<0.01). Conclusion:Shuwei decoction has a therapeutic effect on functional dyspepsia by up-regulating IP3R, RyR and mRNA expression.关键词：Shuwei decoction;functional dyspepsia(FD);intestinal cells of Cajal(ICC);inositol 1,4,5-triphasphare receptor(IP3R);ryanodine receptor(RyR)4|5|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:The aim of the study was to determine the potential cytotoxicity and the underlying mechanism of emodin on HepG2 cells. Method:Am-blue assay were used to detect the toxicity of emodin on HepG2 cells. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by the DCFH-DA fluorescent dye, and the mitochondrial membrance potential was measured by the mitochondrial-specific lipophilic cationic fluorescent dye JC-1.The apoptotic cells were quantified by the Annexin V/PI double staining kit and analyzed by flow cytometry, and Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of cleaved Caspase-3,8,9, cleaved-PARP, and other apoptosis-related proteins. Result:As compared with blank control group, emodin (15, 30 μmol·L-1) had significant toxicity on HepG2 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner (P<0.01), promoted the production of intracellular ROS and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (P<0.01). After treatment with emodin (15, 30 μmol·L-1) for 24 h, the early apoptotic and late apoptotic cells were increased obviously (P<0.01). Further studies by Western blot indicated that emodin (15, 30 μmol·L-1) exposure to HepG2 cells up-regulated the levels of cleaved Caspases-8,9,3 and PARP in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). Conclusion:Emodin has a toxic effect on HepG2 cells, indicating that emodin has potential hepatotoxicity, and its toxic mechanism is via mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.关键词：emodin;oxidative stress;apoptotic;cleaved Caspase-34|6|11更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the effect of Buyang Huanwutang (BYHWT) on the apoptosis factors in hippocampus and learning and memory abilities of Alzheimer's disease mice. Method:Totally 40 male APP/PS1 double transgenic mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:model group, donepezil group (0.001 g·kg-1), high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose BYHWT groups (with the dosage of 37.06, 18.53, 9.26 g·kg-1, representatively). Another 8 C57 mice were used as control group. After 30 days of administration, Morris water maze behavior test was conducted; and after the test, all mice were put to death. Western blot was used to detect the changes in apoptotic factors in hippocampus of the mice:B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and cysteine aspartate protease-3 (Caspase-3). Result:Compared with the control group, the learning and memory abilities of the model group were significantly lower (P<0.01), Bcl-2 in hippocampus was obviously reduced (P<0.01), and Bax and Caspase-3 increased significantly (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, high-dose and middle-dose BYHWT groups could significantly improve the learning and memory abilities of the mice, Bcl-2 increased significantly (P<0.01), and Bax and Caspase-3 decreased significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion:BYHWT can obviously improve the learning and memory abilities of Alzheimer's disease mice, reduce the expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 in hippocampus, and increase the expression of Bcl-2.关键词：Alzheimer's disease;Buyang Huanwutang;APP/PS1 double transgenic mice;apoptosis factor;Morris water maze4|6|10更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study the molecular mechanism of Buyang Huanwutang in promoting the maturation of neovascularization by regulating the signal transduction of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein (Smad4) gene under hypoxia condition. Method:The three-dimensional model of vascularization was established by implanting abdominal aorta in Matrigel matrix. There were four groups, namely the normal control group, the hypoxia model group, the Simvastatin treatment group and the Buyang Huanwutang treatment group. After incubation under normoxia condition for 5 days, the model group was given hypoxia intervention for 24 hours, while the treatment groups were respectively given Simvastatin (10 μg·L-1) and Buyang Huanwutang (10%), and the control group was incubated under normoxia for six days. The growth of neovascularization was observed under inverted microscope. The content of TGF-β1 in culture medium of neovascularization was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The gene expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad4 in neovascularization were detected by Real-time PCR. The protein expression of neural-Cadherin (N-Cadherin) was detected by Western blot. Result:The results of each experimental group displayed neovascularization under inverted microscope. Compared with the normal group, the number of stable neovascularization was reduced in the model group. After the treatment with Buyang Huanwutang, the number of stable neovascularization was increased, compared with the model group. The results of ELISA showed that the content of TGF-β1 was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the model group, compared with the normal group. After the treatment with Buyang Huanwutang, the content of TGF-β1 was increased (P<0.05), compared with the model group. The results of Real-time PCR indicated that the mRNA expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad4 in the model group were lower (P<0.05) than those of the normal group. After the treatment with Buyang Huanwutang, the mRNA expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad4 were higher (P<0.05) than those of the model group. The results of Western blot demonstrated that the protein expression of N-Cadherin was lower (P<0.05) in the model group than that of the normal group. After the treatment with Buyang Huanwutang, the protein expression of N-Cadherin was higher (P<0.05) than that of the model group. Conclusion:Buyang Huanwutang could promote the neovascularization under hypoxia condition. Its mechanism is correlated with the activation of TGF-β1/Smad4 signal, which then starts the synthesis of downstream protein N-Cadherin and forms the close intercellular junction.关键词：stable neovascularization;Buyang Huanwutang;hypoxia;transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1);drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein6|5|7更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study the effect of Jianpi Xiaoai recipe in vivo on apoptosis of subcutaneous tumor cells and expression of related proteins in mice with colorectal carcinoma, and investigate its mechanisms of anti metastasis and recurrence of colorectal cancer. Method:By subcutaneous injection of CT-26 colon cancer cells to construct models of subcutaneous colorectal cancer, and then these mice were randomly divided into five groups:model group, Jianpi Xiaoai low(15.75 g·kg-1), medium(31.5 g·kg-1), high (63 g·kg-1) dose groups, and 5-Fu group. After treatment for 14 days, the animals were sacrificed, and their tumors were taken and weighed. Then the tumors were sheared to detect the apoptosis of every group by flow cytometry. In addition, expression of related proteins was detected by Western blot. Result:As compared with model group, tumor weights of Jianpi Xiaoai recipe high, middle and low dose groups were reduced (P<0.05), and the rates of apoptosis were increased (P<0.05); the expression levels of X proteins related to B cell lymphoma-2 (Bax), Caspase-3, Caspase-8 were increased (P<0.05), while the expression of B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) was decreased (P<0.05). In addition, the increase in Bax, Caspase-3, and Caspase-8 in Jianpi Xiaoai recipe high dose group was more obvious than that in the low and middle dose groups. Conclusion:Jianpi Xiaoai recipe can inhibit the growth of subcutaneous tumor cells in mice with colorectal cancer by promoting its apoptosis, and its mechanism may be related to regulating the expressions of apoptosis related proteins.关键词：Jianpi Xiaoai recipe;traditional Chinese medicine;colorectal cancer;apoptosis7|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To establish the Escherichia coli-infected diarrhea model of suckling Tibetan mini-pigs, in order to study the mechanism of Gegen Qinlian Tang (GQT) on E. coli-infected diarrhea in infants. Method:The mini-pig diarrhea model was established through oral administration with pathogenic E. coli. The animals were divided into control group (Montmorillonite powder, 93.5 mg·kg-1), low-dose group (1.21 g·kg-1), middle-dose group (6.05 g·kg-1) and high-dose group (12.1 g·kg-1). Fecal E. coli count and white blood cell count were detected after each administration, and the serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The diarrhea index, weight change and survival rate were observed. Result:When the dose of E. coli was 1×109 CFU·kg-1, the watery diarrhea was maintained at 6 h, the count of fecal coliform was higher than 1×1011 CFU·g-1, and there was no obvious trend of self-cure. High, medium and low-dose GQT groups showed significant reduction in fecal E. coli count and blood white blood count, and inhibition of the expressions of serum TNF-α and IL-6.Low-dose group showed significant inhibition of diarrhea, and middle and high-dose groups had no obvious antidiarrheal effect. Conclusion:When the dose of E. coli was 1×109 CFU·kg-1, the feces were still watery at 6 h, and the E. coli count of fecal was higher than 1×1011 CFU·g-1, which proved that the E. coli-infected diarrhea mini-pig model was successfully established. GQT could relieve E. coli-infected diarrhea among suckling pigs by resisting inflammation and inhibiting the proliferation of E. coli. The anti-inflammatory effect may be related to the reduction of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6.关键词：Gegen Qinlian Tang;Escherichia coli diarrhea;suckling mini-pig;antidiarrheal;anti-inflammation7|7|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the effect mechanism of Feiyanning formula on invasion and metastasis of lung cancer cells via inhibiting transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) mediated bone metastasis related parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)/receptor or activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) signaling pathway. Method:A549 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with Feiyanning formula with various concentrations, with no Feiyanning formula as blank group. The anti-proliferation effects and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Feiyanning formula was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method. The inhibiting effect against invasion and migration ability of A549 cells was detected by transwell assay and scratch test. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of TGF-β, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and receptor or activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). Result:After Feiyanning formula effected on A549 lung cancer cells for 48 h, as compared with blank control group, the transmembrane cells in the low, medium and high dose Feiyanning formula (12.5, 25, 50 mg·L-1) groups were obviously reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the scratch distance in Feiyanning formula groups was also significantly shortened (P<0.05, P<0.01). Furthermore, medium and high dose Feiyanning formula group significantly down-regulated the expression of TGF-β (P<0.05) and its corresponding downstream target genes of PTHrP and RANKL (P<0.05). Conclusion:Feiyanning formula can directly down-regulate the protein expression of TGF-β and its downstream target genes PTHrP and RANKL, and inhibit the invasion and migration ability of A549 lung cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. This study confirmed the mechanism of Feiyanning formula on inhibiting the invasion and migration of lung cancer by regulating TGF-β mediated bone metastasis related PTHrP/RANKL signaling pathway, providing a certain experimental basis for the clinical target therapy of lung cancer, suggesting that Feiyanning formula could be a potential candidate in the treatment of lung cancer cell bone metastasis.关键词：Feiyanning formula;transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β);parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP);lung cancer;bone metastasis7|6|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Jiedu Quyu prescription on drug resistance reversal for MCF-7/ADM human breast cancer cells. Method:The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was performed to test the effect of Jiedu Quyu prescription on proliferation of MCF-7/ADM cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect the concentration of intracellular rhodamine (Rh)-123, Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to analyze the expression of genes and proteins, including multiple drug resistant 1 (MDR1) and breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP). Result:After treatment with 1.25, 2.50 g·L-1 Jiedu Quyu prescription, the reverse fold (RF) of MCF-7/ADM was 1.7 and 3.0 respectively (P <0.05); the concentration of intracellular Rh-123 was enhance for 1.8 and 2.5 times respectively as compared with control group (P <0.05). The protein and mRNA expression levels of MDR1 and BCRP were down-regulated obviously (P <0.05); MDR1 mRNA expression level was decreased by 35.5% and 56.0% respectively (P <0.05), while BCRP mRNA expression level was decreased by 41.6% and 49.5% respectively (P <0.05). Conclusion:Jiedu Quyu prescription could enhance the sensitivity of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADM to adriamycin, and reverse drug resistance of MCF-7/ADM. Its mechanism may be correlated with down-regulation of MDR1 and BCRP, as well as inhibition of intracellular drug efflux.关键词：Jiedu Quyu prescription;breast cancer;drug resistance reversal;multiple drug resistant 1 (MDR1);breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP)4|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study the effect of Jianpi Gushen Huayu decoction (JGHD) in alleviating and protecitng renal tissue rats with diabetic nephropathy. Method:Totally 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:blank group, model group, ramipril group, low-dose JGHD group, middle-dose JGHD group, and high-dose JGHD group. After modeling, triglyceride, total cholesterol, creatinine, urea and 24-hour urine microalbumin were observed in 6 groups of rats. The morphological changes in kidney were observed under light microscope. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), metallothionein-1 (MT-1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), light chain-Ⅱ(LC3-Ⅱ), and autophagy-related protein Beclin. TGF-β1 mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) in rats. Result:Jianpi Gushen Huayu decoction could reduce the levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, creatinine, urea, 24 h urinary albumin, and effectively inhibit levels of TGF-β1, MT-1, α-SMA, LC3-Ⅱ, Beclin and TGF-β1 mRNA expression. It could improve the pathological changes in renal tissues. Conclusion:Jianpi Gushen Huayu decoction could reduce serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, creatinine, urea, 24 h urinary microalbumin, TGF-β1, MT-1, α-SMA, LC3-Ⅱ, Beclin and TGF-β1 mRNA expression, with the effect in alleviating and protecting the pathological changes in renal tissues.关键词：Jianpi Gushen Huayu decoction;diabetic nephropathy;cytokine;protective effect4|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To explore the protective effect of catechin gallate (EGCG) on diabetic myocardial injury in C57 mice. Method:The diabetic cardiomyopathy injury model in C57 mice was induced by injected with streptozocin (STZ, 70 mg·kg-1) and provided with high-diet food. The DCM mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely blank group, model group, EGCG group (50, 100, 200 mg·kg-1), and N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC) group (100 mg·kg-1). Each group was put to death on the 14th day after intraperitoneal injection. The level of fasting blood-glucose (FBG) was detected by kit; reactive oxygen (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interniukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Myocardial pathological changes of cardiomyopathy injury were observed under microscope; Nrf2 and HO-1, NQO1 protein kinases were detected by Western blot. Result:Compared with the model group, EGCG (100 mg·kg-1) can decrease the level of FBG in DCM C57 mice and inhibit the activities of IL-1β, IL-6, MDA, ROS in cardiac muscle tissues (P<0.05); increase the activity of SOD in cardiac muscle tissues (P<0.05); increase the expression of protein kinase of Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1 in cardiac muscle tissues (P<0.05). Moreover, EGCG (100 mg·kg-1) can restrain the cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis apparently in cardiac muscular tissues. The findings showed that EGCG was better than NAC. Conclusion:EGCG has a protective effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy in C57 mice. The mechanism may be correlated with its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress damage action.关键词：catechin gallate;streptozocin;diabetic cardimyopathy;reactive oxygen species;superoxide dismutase;malondialdehyde;interniukin;tumor necrosis factor-α;NF-E2-related factor 24|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Shuxue Tongmai capsule-containing serum on apoptosis in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Method:BMSCs were cultured with different concentrations of H2O2 in vitro to induce apoptosis, and then 1.0 mmol·L-1 optimum concentration was used for the experiment. First, Shuxue Tongmai capsule-containing serum were prepared at low (1.81 g·kg-1), middle (3.62 g·kg-1) and high (7.24 g·kg-1) doses. Then the third-generation BMSCs were divided into 5 groups in random. The first group was control group, which only added with normal rat serum with a volume fraction of 15% in culture medium. The second group was model group, which was added with normal rat serum with a volume fraction of 15% in culture medium and the apoptosis cells were induced with H2O2.The other three groups were drug-contained serum groups, which were respectively prepared at low (0.32 g·kg-1), middle (0.64 g·kg-1) and high (1.28 g·kg-1) doses, and added with drug-contained serum with a volume fraction of 15%, and the apoptosis cells were induced with H2O2 in each group. After 24 hours, the cells' relative survival rate was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl) -2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method, and the apoptosis rate was evaluated by Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry method. And cysteine aspartate protease-3 (Caspase-3) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) mRNA expressions were assayed by Real-time PCR (Real-time PCR). Result:H2O2 could imitate the ischemic anoxic environment in vitro and induce the apoptosis of BMSCs. The MTT detection results showed that the cells' survival rates of Shuxue Tongmai capsule-containing serum groups prepared at low, medium and high doses were significantly higher than that in the model group (P<0.01), and the survival rate increased with the dose concentration (P<0.05). And the AnnexinV-FITC/PI flow cytometry results showed that the drug-containing serum of Shuxue Tongmai capsule could decrease the apoptosis rates of BMSCs induced with H2O2 (P<0.01). The Real-time PCR results showed that the induction with H2O2 could increase BMSCs' Caspase-3 mRNA expression and reduce their Bcl-2 mRNA expression. The treatment of Shuxue Tongmai capsule-containing serum could decrease Caspase-3 mRNA expression (P<0.01), and increase Bcl-2 mRNA expression (P<0.01). Conclusion:Shuxue Tongmai capsule-containing serum can negatively regulate Caspase-3 gene by increasing Bcl-2 gene expression, so as to inhibit the apoptosis of BMSCs caused with H2O2.关键词：Shuxue Tongmai capsule;bone mesenchymal stem cell;apoptosis;cysteine aspartate protease-3 (Caspase-3);B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)4|6|0更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study the effect of chrysophanol from pinellia on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC). Method:HBMECs were cultured in vitro, and modeled with TNF-α. The cells were divided into normal group, model group, chrysophanol group and edaravone group. TNF-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 mRNA expressions were detected by RT-PCR. TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, p-JNK and p-ERK were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Protein expressions of p-JNK, total JNK, p-ERK and total ERK were detected by Western blot. Result:At the concentration of 256 μmol·L-1, chrysophanol significantly inhibited HBMEC cells (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, chrysophanol had a significant effect on the growth of model cells at concentrations between 64 μmol·L-1 and 128 μmol·L-1 (P<0.05). Expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-6, IL-8, p-JNK and p-ERK in chrysophanol group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Expressions of p\|JNK/JNK and p\|ERK/ERK in chrysophanol group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion:Chrysophanol has an effect in inhibiting TNF-α-induced HBMEC damage, and may reduce the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 by down-regulating ERK/JNK signaling pathway.关键词：chrysophanol;human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell;inflammation;ERK/JNK signaling pathway6|5|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the detoxication effect and efficacy of water extract from Veratrilla baillonii(WVBF) with compatibility of total alkaloids from Aconitum brachypodum(CFA). Method:The cardiovascular toxicity was evaluated by using zebra fish cardiovascular model; up-and-down method was used to calculate the median lethal dose (LD50) of CFA and WVBF of different compatibility proportions; then acetic acid induced writhing response and hot plate method were used to observe and compare the central and peripheral analgesic effects of CFA-WVBF 1:2 group and CFA-WVBF 1:5 group. Result:In cardiovascular toxicity evaluation experiment, if CFA was used alone, it had no effect on heart rate and did not induce arrhythmia of zebra fish except 200 mg·L-1 group; 66.6, 200 mg·L-1 groups induced toxicity phenotype (P<0.05). In different compatibilities experiment, all the experimental groups induced obvious cardiovascular toxicity except CFA-WVBF 1:5 group (P<0.05). The LD50 of CFA-WVBF compatibilities (5:1, 2:1, 1:2, 1:5) was increasing in turn, and all of them were higher than the LD50 of CFA alone (P<0.05). In the central analgesia experiment,CFA-WVBF 1:2 group and CFA-WVBF 1:5 group can enhance foot pain threshold, and the analgesia effects of CFA-WVBF 1:2 group (CFA-WVBF, 20 mg·kg-1) were better than those of CFA (20 mg·kg-1) alone group and aspirin group (200 mg·kg-1), but the analgesia percentage in CFA-WVBF 1:2 group was similar to that in CFA group and higher than that in aspirin group (P<0.05) after 90 minutes, indicating that CFA-WVBF 1:2 group could reduce toxicity and keep efficacy. The analgesia percentage in CFA-WVBF 1:5 group was higher than that in the CFA alone (20 mg·kg-1) group, and was gradually increased after 30, 60, 90 minutes, indicating that CFA-WVBF 1:5 group could reduce toxicity, enhance efficacy and extend efficacy (P<0.05). In peripheral analgesia experiment, different proportions of CFA and WVBF groups could inhibit acetic acid induced writhing response. The writhing inhibition rate in CFA-WVBF 1:2 group was lower than that of CFA alone group (P<0.05); and the writhing inhibition rate in CFA-WVBF 1:5 group was slightly higher than that of CFA alone group (P<0.05), indicating that the CFA-WVBF 1:2 group could reduce toxicity and decrease efficacy but the CFA-WVBF 1:5 group could reduce toxicity and enhance analgesic efficacy slightly (P<0.05). Conclusion:Different compatibilities of CFA and WVBF can decrease CFA-induced cardiovascular toxicity in zebra fish and acute toxicity in mice; CFA-WVBF 1:2 group and CFA-WVBF 1:5 group can increase central analgesic efficacy, and CFA-WVBF 1:5 group also can enhance peripheral analgesic efficacy. Therefore, CFA-WVBF 1:5 group shows the best effect in decreasing toxicity and increasing efficacy.关键词：Veratrilla baillonii;Aconitum brachypodum;cardiovascular toxicity;analgesic effect;acute toxicity4|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and possible mechanism of Tianning drink associated prescriptions for migraine through the observation of effects on headache and hemorheological indexes in migraine patients with different syndrome types. Method:The 216 patients with migraine were randomized into treatment group (108 cases) and control group (108 cases). 1 case was removed and 15 cases withdrew from the study, with 200 effective cases finally (100 cases in each group). Then they were divided into wind-phlegm and blood stasis treatment group (22 cases), wind-phlegm and blood stasis control group (20 cases), wind-phlegm and blood stasis with hyperactivity of liver-Yang treatment group (44 cases), wind-phlegm and blood stasis with hyperactivity of liver-Yang control group (48 cases), wind-phlegm and blood stasis with deficiency of Qi and blood treatment group (19 cases), wind-phlegm and blood stasis with deficiency of Qi and blood control group (17 cases), wind-phlegm and blood stasis with deficiency of liver and kidney treatment group (15 cases) and wind-phlegm and blood stasis with deficiency of liver and kidney control group (15 cases). Treatment groups, patients with wind-phlegm and blood stasis were treated with Tianning drink; wind-phlegm and blood stasis with hyperactivity of liver-Yang were treated with Pinggan Qianyang Tianning drink; wind-phlegm and blood stasis with deficiency of Qi and blood were treated with Yiqi Yangxue Tianning drink; wind-phlegm and blood stasis with deficiency of liver and kidney were treated with Buyi Ganshen Tianning drink. While the cases in control group were treated with oral flunarizine capsules. Fifteen days were one period of treatment and there were two successive periods. Then the improvement of headache symptoms, comprehensive efficacy and the changes of hemorheology were observed. Result:The clinical symptom scores were both decreased after treatment, and treatment group was superior to control group (P<0.01). The total effective rates of the four syndromes of treatment groups were higher than those of control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The hemorheological indexes of the four syndromes were decreased after treatment, and treatment group was superior to control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion:Tianning drink associated prescriptions can significantly improve the symptoms of migraine in patients with different syndromes, and the possible mechanism may be associated with regulating blood viscosity of such patients.关键词：Tianning drink associated prescriptions;migraine;wind-phlegm and blood stasis;wind-phlegm and blood stasis with hyperactivity of liver-Yang;wind-phlegm and blood stasis with deficiency of Qi and blood;wind-phlegm and blood stasis with deficiency of liver and kidney;hemorheology4|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy and deep mechanism of Heiguteng Zhuifeng Huoluo capsule in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Method:The 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed in The Second People's Hospital of Yibin were randomly divided into observation group (40 cases) and control group (40 cases). The control group was given with oral loxoprofen sodium 60 mg/time, 3 times/d; methotrexate (MTX) 7.5-2 mg/times, 1 time/week; the observation group was given with additional Heiguteng Zhuifeng Huoluo capsule based on oral loxoprofen sodium, 0.9 g/time, 3 times/d, for continuous 3 months. The changes of joint tenderness, joint swelling, joint swelling index, average grip strength, rest pain and morning stiffness time were observed by using visual analogue scale (VAS) before and after treatment. The levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ERS), C-reactive protein (CRP) and rheumatoid factor (RF) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and after treatment. The changes of interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-18 and IL-27 in synovial fluid were measured by ELISA. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression levels of microRNA (miR)-146a and miR-16 in the synovial fluid before and after treatment. Result:The clinical efficacy of the observation group was better than that of the control group (P <0.05) by Ridit analysis. The number of joint tenderness, joint swelling, joint swelling index, average grip strength, rest rest pain and morning stiffness were significantly better in observation group than those in control group (P <0.01). The expression levels of ERS, CRP and RF in serum of the observation group were significantly lower than those in control group, and the expression levels of IL-17A, IL-18, IL-27, miR-146a and miR-16 in synovial fluid of observation group were also significantly lower than those in control group. Conclusion:Heiguteng Zhuifeng Huoluo capsule can reduce the expression of miR-146a and miR-16, regulate the release of inflammatory factors, and reduce the expression of autoimmune factors, so as to improve the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.关键词：Heiguteng Zhuifeng Huoluo capsule;rheumatoid arthritis;interleukin-17A;microRNA-146a;microRNA-164|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Feiyiliu mixture and AP chemotherapy (pemetrexed + cis-platinum) in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and its effect on inflammatory factors. Method:The 62 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group, with 31 patients in each group. The control group was given AP chemotherapy regimen and compound cantharis capsule, 3 pills/time, bid; the treatment group was orally given Feiyiliu mixture in addition of AP regimen, 100 mL/time, tid. The changes in scores of quality of life, symptom scores, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) solid tumor after treatment, and incidence of adverse events were observed in two groups before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Result:The treatment group's scores of quality of life, integral syndrome (cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, fatigue and fever) and cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, PGE2) after treatment were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05); the rate of tumor stability after treatment was significantly better than that of control group (P<0.05); the incidence of adverse events was lower than that of control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion:Feiyiliu mixture combined with AP chemotherapy can effectively improve quality of life, clinical symptoms and tumor size in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, and decrease the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in serum of the patients, and is worth further promotion.关键词：Feiyiliu mixture;AP chemotherapy regimen;non-small cell lung cancer;interleukin-6 (IL-6);interleukin-17 (IL-17);prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)4|6|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study the clinical efficacy of Changyu Xiaoyaosan and its effect on inflammatory factors and depression of patient with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and melancholia. Method:A total of 173 cases of patient with chronic hepatitis B and melancholia treated in our hospital from August 2014 to July 2016 were selected and divided into two groups by the random number table, with 87 cases in clinical group and 86 in control group. The two groups were given both healthy psychotherapy and comprehensive relaxation training. In addition, patients in control group were also given CHB-Yiqijieyu pellet, while the clinical group was given CHB-Yiqijieyu pellet combined with Changyu Xiaoyaosan. Then the efficacies of two groups were compared. Result:Compared with 82.56% in control group, the total effective rate of clinical group was 94.25% (P<0.05). After treatment, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and total bilirubin (TBIL) significantly decreased (P<0.05); and ALT and AST levels in clinical group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05). And the values of key indicators in treatment group were superior to those in control group. The comparison of the values of inflammatory factor interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α before and after treatment group between two groups showed significant differences (P<0.05). The comparison between two groups of patients before and after treatment group showed significant differences (P<0.05) in ALT and AST improvements. And the values of key indicators in treatment group were superior to those in control group. The values of inflammatory factors in treatment group were lower than those in control group. The HAMD score was significantly lower (P<0.05) in the 2nd, 5th, 8th weeks after treatment. Compared with before treatment, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)syndrome score of the two groups were significantly improved after treatment, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Compared with control group, TCM syndrome score of observation group was lower, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of bodily functions, holistic health, bodily pain social function, energy, mental health, emotional function and role function in treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Changyu Xiaoyaosan has a significant clinical efficacy in treating patient with chronic hepatitis B and melancholia by significantly reducing the levels of ALT, AST, HAMD score and TCM syndrome score. And it is safe and effective for the treatment of patient with chronic hepatitis B and melancholia, and thus worth of clinical application.关键词：Changyu Xiaoyaosan;chronic hepatitis B;melancholia;depression;quality of life;traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score0|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of enema with Changfengyin in acute radioactive rectitis caused by radiotherapy in treatment of cervical cancer with syndrome of intestinal wind injuring collaterals and its effect on serum interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Method:A total of 84 eligible patients were randomly divided into two groups, with 42 cases in each group. The treatment group was given retention enema with Changfengyin; whereas control group was given retention enema with montmorillonite powder. Before and after invention, clinical symptoms, congestion, edema, Karnofsky performance status (KPS), serum IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α were observed, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Result:After treatment, TCM symptoms scores and rectal mucosa score, serum IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α in treatment group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The treatment group's KPS score after treatment was higher than that of the control group, with significant differences (P<0.05). The total effective rates of treatment group and control group were 90.48% and 76.16% respectively, with a significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion:Changfengyin can effectively alleviates the rectal injury clinical symptoms of malignant pelvic tumor patients, improves rectal mucosa and patient function, and effectively regulate serum IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α levels, and is worth promotion and application.关键词：Changfengyin;retention enema;radiation rectal injury;inflammatory cytokine6|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To discuss the clinical efficacy of dialectical treatment of modified Yiqi Huoxue Tongmai decoction for recanalization post-thrombotic syndrome of lower limbs (PTS) and investigate its effects on levels of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. And platelet endothelial cell adhesion factor-1 (PECAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, P-selectin, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Method:One hundred and ten patients were randomly divided into control group (55 cases) and observation group (55 cases) by random number table. Both groups' patients got heparin for anticoagulation and urokinase for thrombolysis. Patients in contral group additionally got diosmin tablets, 0.9 g/time, 2 times/day, while patients in observation group additionally used modified Yiqi Huoxue Tongmai decoction, 1 dose/day. The treatment course was 16 weeks in both groups. Score of Villalta was graded, and vascular recanalization was evaluated by color doppler ultrasound. The changes in circumference of lower limb were detected in both groups, and the levels of Fibrinogen (FIB), D-dimer (D-D), PECAM-1, VCAM-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, IL-4, IL-6, P-selectin and TNF-α were detected before and after treatment. Result:The total effective rate was 90.91% in observation group, higher than 76.36% in control group(χ2=4.251, P<0.05). Rate of vascular recanalization was 89.1% in observation group, higher than 69.1% in control group (χ2=6.075, P<0.05). At week 12 and week 16 after treatment, scores of Villalta in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01), and the changes in top-knee circumference and bottom-knee circumference were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Levels of FIB, D-D, P-selectin, PECAM-1, VCAM-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, IL-6 and TNF-α in serum of observation group were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01), while IL-4 level was higher than that in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion:Dialectical treatment of modified Yiqi Huoxue Tongmai decoction in patients with PTS can relieve symptoms and signs of patients, improve rate of vascular recanalization, and regulate inflammatory factors and cell adhesion molecules for ameliorating thrombus.关键词：post-thrombotic syndrome of lower limbs;Yiqi Huoxue Tongmai decoction;thrombus mechanism;platelet endothelial cell adhesion factor-1;vascular cell adhesion molecule-15|6|5更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To observe the clinical effect of Wenglitong capsule combined with acupuncture in treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) with damp heat stasis syndrome, and its impact on inflammatory factors of prostatic secretions (EPS). Method:One hundred and forty patients were divided into control group and observation group by random number table. Patients in control group got acupuncture. In addition to the therapy of control group, patients in observation group was also given Wenglitong capsule, 3 grains/time, 2 times/day. A course of treatment was six weeks. Before and after treatment, scores of CP Symptom Index of National Institutes of Health (NIH-CPSI) and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndromes, patient health questionnaire (PHQ) and pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) were graded. EPS were detected. And levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were also detected. Result:The total effect rate in observation group was 97.01%, which was higher than 86.15% in control group (χ2=5.095, P<0.05). And the total effect rate of TCM symptoms in observation group was 97.01%, which was higher than 83.08% in control group (χ2=7.219, P<0.05). After treatment, scores of urination symptoms, quality of life, NIH-CPSI and PCS in observation group were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Scores of urinary tract symptoms, radiating pain symptoms, sexual dysfunction, evaluation of systemic symptoms and damp heat stasis syndrome were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Lecithin body of EPS in observation group was superior to that in control group (P<0.05). And levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ were all lower than those in control group, and the level of IL-2 was higher than that in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion:Wenglitong capsule combined with acupuncture can ameliorate symptoms of patients with CP/CPPS, relieve anxiety and depression, increase lecithin body of EPS, inhibit inflammation, and reduce inflammatory damage, with a better efficacy and TCM symptoms. Due to their good synergy.关键词：chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome;damp heat stasis syndrome;Wenglitong capsule;acupuncture;inflammatory factor5|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective:To study the processing history of edible and medicinal resources of spiders in China, investigate their clinical practices and compatibility methods according to the past literature, supplement relevant information, and further provide a useful reference for developing spider resources and new drugs. Method:We looked through the herbal literature, summed up the types of domestic edible and medicinal spiders as well as their clinical prescriptions by considering the authors' investigation. Result:There were 18 species from 8 families for edible and medicinal spiders. According to their individual size, they could be divided into small and medium-size spiders and large spiders. The former ones had 6 families and 14 species, which were widely used in traditional Chinese medicine; the latter ones had 2 families and 4 species, rich in spider toxins, and were widely used in the medicine of Li nationality, and were also the main source in spider drug development in the future. There were various processing methods and medicinal parts of spiders in China, and they were mainly used in clinical compatibility for hernia, pain, rheumatism, ulcer, unknown sores, internal and external hemorrhoids, bromhidrosis, etc. By grounding powder, they could be used for oral administration, dipping into wine or pills and powder; on the other hand, they could be used for external rubbing or tamping. In addition, there were 7 species of spiders which could be eaten by ethnic minorities, which were often fried or grilled after getting rid of head and foot. Conclusion:More large spiders used as medicinal and edible resources should be expanded in future, and comprehensive utilization should be made based on various parts of the spider and the chemical compositions. Further studies are needed to elaborate the development of classic prescriptions and drug application knowledge used for minority nationality. By combining with modern biological technology, it can lay a firm foundation for the development of modern spider resources.关键词：spider;medicine resources;edible resources;history evolution;application characteristics6|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Pteris is one of the commonly used Chinese herbal medicines, and more than 300 species of this genus have been found up to now, about 66 species in China, and 24 species can be used in medicines. According to Records of Medicinal Harvest in Lingnan, the majority of Pteris plants has the effects such as the detumescence, detoxification and stopping dysentery, and is often used for the treatment of diarrhea, enteritis, hemoptysis, trauma bleeding, sore throat, dysentery, nephritis, rheumatism and other diseases. The plants of Pteris are a rich in chemical constituents, including flavonoids, terpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, essential oils, polysaccharides and other compounds. Some plant extracts of this genus have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor activities, especially the study on anti-tumor, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities are more thorough. In the paper, in order to provide theoretical reference for further research on the development and utilization of Pteris, the structure of terpenoids isolated from Pteris, biological activity and mechanism of action were summarized and reviewed from the articles published from 1973, and then the prospects on development and utilization of Pterisin prevention and treatment of cancer were given to provide theoretical reference for further study, development and utilization of terpenoid in Pteris in the future.关键词：Pteris;terpenoid;biological activity;mechanism4|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：The incidence of various kinds of bone diseases represented by osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFN) has been increasing in recent years. Epimedii Folium has been widely used in clinical department of orthopedics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a commonly used drug for reinforcing kidney and growing bone, with a significant effect in the treatment of various bone diseases. However, it is an urgent problem in clinical medication and relevant drug R&D to define the functions of components of Epimedii Folium. In recent years, it has been found that icariin, icariside, total flavonoids of herba Epimedii Folium, Epimedii Folium polysaccharides and some microelements in Epimedii Folium have the effect in promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. In particular, studies on the pharmacological mechanisms of icariin, icariside and total flavonoids of herba Epimedii Folium in the molecular filed have made a great progress. A large number of experimental studies have shown that the components mentioned above could promote the formation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP2) and the protein synthesis of osteoprotegerin (OPG) by controlling the expressions of osteoblast-related genes and regulating the signal pathway, and explained the intrinsic mechanism that Epimedii Folium could promote osteoblast proliferation and differentiation at the molecular level. Regarding the effect of Epimedii Folium polysaccharides and microelements in Epimedii Folium in promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, the researchers only carried out the confirmatory experiment, without further exploring the in-depth mechanism. This article summarizes the study advance of the effect of various components in promoting proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts based on main effective components icariin, icariside, total flavonoids of herba Epimedii Folium, Epimedii Folium polysaccharides and some microelements in Epimedii Folium, in order to provide a theoretical reference for new drugs research and development and improving the clinical efficacy.关键词：Epimedii Folium;icariin;icariside;total flavonoids of Epimedii Folium;Epimedii Folium polysaccharides;microelement;proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast9|7|5更新时间：2024-01-04
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