最新刊期
卷 24 ， 期 7 ， 2018
- 摘要：Objective: Transport behaviors of rhein and emodin in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and higenamine in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata were studied on Caco-2 cell model,and the change of transport behaviors after the compatibility of rhein,emodin with higenamine was inspected. Method: HPLC was used to analyzed the concentration of rhein,emodin and higenamine,then apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and cumulative transport amounts were calculated.So as to investigate the bi-directional transport behavior of rhein,emodin and higenamine on Caco-2 cell,as well as the change of the transport behaviors of emodin and rhein. Result: Papp of higenamine with different concentrations was >1×10-7 cm · s-1,the ratio of permeability in the basolateral to apical direction was about 1.5 times that of the apical to basolateral direction.The transport amount of higenamine was significantly (P<0.05) increase in the presence of rhein and emodin.Whereas the transport amount of rhein and emodin was significantly (P<0.05) decrease in the presence of higenamine. Conclusion: Higenamine can be mediumly absorbed on the Caco-2 monolayer model by a passive transportation.Rhein and emodin can promote the intestinal absorption of higenamine,but higenamine can inhibit the intestinal absorption of rhein and emodin.关键词：higenamine;rhein;emodin;Caco-2 cell;Rhei Radix et Rhizoma;Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata;Dahuang Fuzitang8|7|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To prepare standard decoction of Forsythiae Fructus and establish its quality standard. Method: Sixteen batches of standard decoction of Forsythiae Fructus were prepared according to the standardization method.With forsythin and forsythoside A as detection indexes,the transfer rates of index components and extraction rates were calculated and the HPLC fingerprint analysis method was established. Result: Through the measurement of 16 batches of standard decoction of Forsythiae Fructus,the extraction rate was ruled from 13.61% to 25.27%,the transfer rates of forsythin and forsythoside A were defined as 58.61%-100.00% and 27.88%-51.78%,respectively.Besides,the similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine (version 2012) was used to analyze the fingerprint,ten common peaks were determined and six were calibrated,including forsythenside F (peak 3),forsythoside Ⅰ (peak 4),(+) pinoresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (peak 5),forsythoside A (peak 6),forsythin (peak 7) and phillygenin (peak 10);taking the characteristic peak evaluation model,the relative retention time of each characteristic peak were defined as 0.47,0.52,0.67,0.71,1.00,1.27 with peak 7 as a reference. Conclusion: This study establishes a method for the quality evaluation of standard decoction of Forsythiae Fructus.The method is accurate,reproducible and characterized.Therefore,it can provide a reference for the quality control of Forsythiae Fructus dispensing granules.关键词：Forsythiae Fructus;standard decoction;fingerprint;quality standard;transfer rate;extraction rate;Forsythin7|6|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To establish the HPLC-ELSD fingerprint of Bupleuri Radix and analyze the change rule of the main components from Bupleuri Radix in extraction and processing. Method: Phenomenex Kinetex® C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) was employed with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water for gradient elution.The flow rate was 1.0 mL · min-1,column temperature was 30℃ and the injection amount was 10 μL.Evaporative light scattering detector was adopted with the flow rate of nitrogen was 3.0 mL · min-1.These chromatographic conditions were used to study on fingerprints of four kinds of samples and determine the contents of saikosaponin a,d,b1,b2. Result: A total of 23 chromatographic peaks were identified in the fingerprints of four samples of Bupleuri Radix.The common patterns of fingerprints were different from each other and there was a big difference between chromatographic peaks.After high temperature water extraction or processing with vinegar,the primary saponin of Bupleuri Radix was transformed into secondary saponin.Among them,the primary saponin content in the water extract of Bupleuri Radix processed with vinegar was the least,the content of secondary saponin was the most; and the content of secondary saponin was the least in methanol extract of Bupleuri Radix. Conclusion: The established HPLC-ELSD fingerprint can be used as a chemical component analysis method for Bupleuri Radix.The chemical compositions of Bupleuri Radix are greatly changed after water extraction or processing with vinegar.The clinical application and quality evaluation of preparations containing Bupleuri Radix should take into full account of change of saikosaponins.关键词：Bupleuri Radix;fingerprint;processing;extraction;saponins;processing with vinegar7|7|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To provide an effective way for processing evaluation and quality control of panaxadiol saponins(PDS),Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and its ethanol extract,resin eluent by establishing the fingerprint of them. Method: HPLC was adopted to establish fingerprint of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,PDS and their intermediates.The similarity evaluation was analyzed with similarity evaluation system for chromatograhic fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine (2012 version).The processing of quality transmitting of components group was analyzed. Result: The components of PDS,Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and its ethanol extract,resin eluent could be well separated by the established HPLC.The developed method was precise,reproducible and stable.The similarities of the samples with their corresponding control fingerprint were ≥ 0.9. Sixteen common peaks were selected from 12 batches of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,and 5 main peaks were identified.In the process,the panaxatriol saponins in the medicinal material was removed,while the PDS was transferred to PDS. Conclusion: The fingerprint method is stable and reliable,and it can fully demonstrate the changes of active materials of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,panaxadiol saponins and their intermediate in the key production processes.关键词：Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma;panaxadiol saponins;fingerprint;components group;quality transmitting;precision process;quality control7|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To establish UPLC chromatograms of different botanical origins of Sinapis Semen and Raphani Semen before and after being processed,and to study on the change law of chemical composition in three kinds of Chinese herbal pieces before and after being processed. Method: UPLC was used with ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 column,acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid solution containing 0.08 mol · L-1 ammonium formate was employed as a mobile phase in gradient elution,detection wavelength was 254 nm and flow rate was 0.3 mL · min-1. Result: Seven common peaks were observed in the raw and stir-fired decoction pieces of Sinapis alba,the area of main peaks of S. alba was significantly changed after being fried,and a new peak a was generated,but the original peak 8-10 disappeared.There were ten common peaks in Brassica juncea and its stir-fried product,and the area of some peaks of B. juncea was significantly reduced after being processed,and the peak 11 almost disappeared.There are six common peaks in the raw and stir-fired decoction pieces of Raphani Semen,and the area of main peaks of Raphani Semen was significant changed after being processed,and the peak a disappeared,and 2 new peaks were formed.By analyzing UPLC chromatograms of Sinapis Semen and Raphani Semen,all these three Chinese medicine decoction pieces belonged to sinapine thiocyanate,but there were significant differences in area and number of main peaks. Conclusion: UPLC chromatograms of Sinapis Semen and Raphani Semen can comprehensively reflect the material basis of decoction pieces,as well as their change law before and after processing,it provides experimental basis to reveal processing principle of the three Chinese medicine decoction pieces,and to further interpret the scientific connotation of processing generic principles of Chinese medicine decoction pieces containing glucosinolates.关键词：Sinapis alba;Brassica juncea;Raphani Semen;decoction pieces;ultra performance liquid chromatograph;sinapine thiocyanate6|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: Distillation method was employed to determine content of Cyperi Rhizoma stir-fried with vinegar,which had features of wasting time,complex operation,without specific effective component content index in the quality standard.In order to solve these problems,this study was to explore the method for determination of specific active ingredients in Cyperi Rhizoma stir-fried with vinegar by advanced detection technology,combined with near-infrared spectroscopy,to establish a rapid and accurate quantitative analysis model. Method: HPLC was adopted to determine the content of α-cyperone with mobile phase of methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid for gradient elution and detection wavelength at 252 nm.The near infrared spectra of Cyperi Rhizoma stir-fried with vinegar were collected by near-infrared spectrometer.Taking HPLC measured value as a reference,partial least squares(PLS) was used to establish the quantitative model of α-cyperone. Result: The quantitative model of α-cyperone was established,the correlation coefficient of calibration (R2),root-mean-square error of calibration(RMSEC) and root-mean-square error of prediction(RMSEP) of the calibration model were 0.987 5, 0.006 2 and 0.007 2;the root-mean-square error of cross-validation(RMSECV) of the calibration model was 0.020 4,the average recovery was 101.33%. Conclusion: The method has fast detection speed and accurate prediction results,it can be applied to quickly determine the content of α-cyperone in Cyperi Rhizoma stir-fried with vinegar.关键词：near-infrared spectroscopy;Cyperi Rhizoma stir-fried with vinegar;α-cyperone;quantitative model;partial least squares;root-mean-square error of prediction;first-order derivative6|5|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To clarify the antimicrobial constituents of endophytic Gibberella intermedia from the Polygonum capitatum and investigate their reversal effect on the resistance of multi-resistant bacteria. Method: The active components of G. intermedia were isolated and purified by modern separation techniques on the basis of bioassay-guided method. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods including modern mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The antibacterial activity was tested on a 96-well plate to screen the active antimicrobial constituents, while their reversal effects on the resistance of multi-resistant bacteria were determined by evaluating their effect on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the quinolones. Result: Six compounds were isolated from the extracted metabolites of G. intermedia, and their structures were identified as fusaric acid (1 ), indole-3-acetic acid (2 ), p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3 ), protocatechuic acid (4 ), o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (6 ), and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (6 ). Compounds 2-6 were isolated from metabolites of G. intermedia for the first time. The MICs of compound 1 against clinically resistant Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis were 31.3, 125, and 62.5 mg · L-1, respectively. Compound 1 showed the reversal effect on drug resistance. In the presence of 1/8 MIC of compound 1, the MICs of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against the resistant E. coli were reduced by 4 and 2 folds respectively. In the presence of 1/4 MIC of compound 1, the MICs of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against the resistant P. mirabilis were reduced by 2 and 4 folds respectively, and 2 folds respectively against the resistant S. aureus. Conclusion: Fusaric acid was the main antimicrobial ingredient of G. intermedia, showing reversal effects on the multidrug-resistant E. coli, P. mirabilis and S. aureus. This study laid the foundation for treatment of multi-drug resistant urinary tract infection and improving the treatment efficiency of quinolones in urinary tract infection.关键词：Polygonum capitatum;Gibberella intermedia;secondary metabolites;against drug-resistant bacteria;reversal effect8|5|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To discuss the effect of various nitrogen (N) concentrations on the antioxidase activity and the growth of Notopterygium incisum seedling. Method: Enzyme-labeled instrument was used to measure the activity of antioxidant enzymes[superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)] of N. incisum seedling rhizome that were treated with various concentrations (0, 10, 15, 20 and 40 mmol · L-1) of N. Result: According to our findings, the growth of N. incisum seedling was effectively promoted with N with the concentrations between 15 mmol · L-1 and 20 mmol · L-1, while growing slowly in N with the concentration above 20 mmol · L-1. SOD and APX activities of N. incisum rhizome showed an obvious ‘V’ shape with the increase of concentration. In high-concentration N (40 mmol · L-1), SOD and APX activities were the highest; and in middle-concentration N (15 mmol · L-1), the activities were the lowest. For CAT and APX activities, there was no significantly difference in various concentrations of N in the early time, while the activities under the high concentration was significantly higher than those in the middle-concentration N (P<0.05) in 42 d. Conclusion: Therefore, it can conclude that low and high concentrations of N caused the slow growth of N. incisum seedling, and a dose-effect relationship was observed. The antioxidant enzyme activity of N. incisum rhizome was significantly increased in a high-concentration N stress.关键词：Notopterygium incisum;rhizome;nitrogen stress;morphological indices;antioxidase activity6|6|9更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: Corydalis yanhusuo is a type of traditional Chinese medicine. A field experiment was conducted to study the dry matter production and the accumulation and distribution of N, P and K in C. yanhusuo for the purposes of revealing the nutrients absorption regularity of C. yanhusuo, and providing guidance to famers for scientific cultivation and fertilization. Method: C. yanhusuo samples of 106 farmers from 8 towns in Chenggu county, Shaanxi province, were analyzed for two consecutive years. And the absorption of nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and dry matter accumulation were analyzed and determined at each growth stage of C. yanhusuo. Result: The dry matter of C. yanhusuo shoots increased at first and then decrease, while the dry matter of C. yanhusuo corms increased throughout the whole growth period. From the seedling stage to the end of the flowering stage, the dry matter accumulated rapidly, which accounted for 26.7% to 44.1% of the total dry matter. At the end of the flowering stage, biomass of C. yanhusuo shoots reached the maximum. During the corm expanding stage, as the nutrients of shoots started to transfer, the dry matter decreases. From the early flowering stage to the expanding stage, corms expended quickly, accumulating 50.3% to 87.5% of the total dry matter. Corms biomass reached the maximum, accounting for 78.5% to 79.8% of the total biomass of the whole plant. The absorptive amounts of N, P and K at each growth stage were different. C. yanhusuo shoots absorbed nutrients quickly from the seedling stage to the flowing stage, reaching the peak at the end of the flowering stage, with N as the largest proportion, K the second largest proportion and P the least proportion. C. yanhusuo corm absorbed nutrients rapidly from the early flowering stage to the expanding stage, with K the largest proportion, N the second largest proportion and P the least proportion. Conclusion: We suggest that manure and phosphorus shall be applied as basal fertilizers, while N and K could be split, with 40%-50% as basal fertilizer and the left applied for a better yield of C. yanhusuo.关键词：Corydalis yanhusuo;dry matter accumulation;nitrogen;phosphorus;potassium6|6|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: Correct the chemical structure of vaccarin,which has content limit in Vaccaria segetalis according to the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Method: A serial of methods was utilized,such as chemical methods,high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),UV Radiation,Infrared Radiation (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectra (MS). Result: The glc linked to position 4' of apigenin originally should be linked to position 7,suggesting that the chemical of vaccarin should be apigenin 6-C-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1'"→2″)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. Conclusion: The chemical structure of vaccarin should be revised as apigenin 6-C-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1'"→2″)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. Vaccarin is the quantitative composition of Vaccariae Semen in the 2015 edition Chinese Pharmacopoeia,which highlights the great significance of the accuracy of its chemical structure.关键词：vaccarin;Chinese pharmacopoeia;Vaccariae Semen;structure modification7|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To systematically screen the hepatoprotective compounds from ethyl acetate extract of the roots of Indigofera stachyoides. Method: The roots of I. stachyoides were extracted by ethanol, and then its extract was further divided into ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction. The hepatoprotective activity screening was performed in mice in the normal control group, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) model group, bifendate (DDB) group,intragastric administration group and subcutaneous group of ethyl acetate fraction, intragastric administration group and subcutaneous group of the n-butanol fraction. Glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT) level was detected in miceto evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of different samples. Then effective compounds of the hepatoprotective sample had been isolated and their structures were identified by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, RP-18 column chromatography and other means. Screening of hepatoprotective activity of isolated chemical compounds was performed in vitro in CCl4-induced human HL-7702 cell damage model. Result: Subcutaneous group of ethyl acetate fraction showed significant hepatoprotective effect on mice liver injury model (P<0.05). Total 11 compounds were isolated from this ethyl acetate fraction of I. stachyoides, which had been identified as stigmasterol (compound 1 ), L-maackiain (compound 2 ), medicarpin (compound 3 ), stigmast-4-en-3-one (compound 4 ), stigmastan-3-one (compound 5 ), 3-hydroxy-8, 9-dimethoxypterocarpan(compound 6 ), (+)-epicatechin(compound 7 ), 2α,3α-epoxyflavan-5,7,3',4'-tetraol-(4β→8)-flavan-5″,7″,-4'"-triol (compound 8 ), 2α,3α-epoxy-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavan-(4β→8)-epicatechin (compound 9 ), (-)-epicatechin (compound 10 ) and schizandriside (compound 11 ). Compound 2 was isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 3 and 6 were isolated from Indigofera for the first time. Compounds 8, 9 and 11 had a certain degree of protective effect on CCl4-induced human HL-7702 cell damage model (P<0.05). The survival rate of HL-7702 was significantly increased, suggesting that compound 8, compound 9 and compound 11 had protective effects on hepatocyte injury in vitro. Conclusion: In this study, ethyl acetate fraction of I. stachyoides was the main effective part of the hepatoprotective effect, and compound 8, 9 and 11 from this fraction were the main effective compounds.关键词：Indigofera stachyoides;chemical constituents;hepatoprotective effect;traditional Chinese medicine7|7|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: Tagetes patula is compositae plants of the genus of Asteraceae. The modern researches showed that its flowers contained a large amount of lutein with antioxidant activity. The thiophene derivatives in the roots exhibited antimicrobial activity. The citric acid and malic acid obtained from the methanol extract of root showed hypotensive activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical constituents of stems and leaves of T. patula for the first time, and to reveal the material basis for the treatment of diseases. Method: The herbs of T. patula were extracted with 95% ethanol. Then the extract was combined and evaporated in vacuum to residue, which was suspended in water and successively partitioned with ethyl acetate. Part of the ethyl acetate extract was isolated and purified by various column chromatographs such as silica gel, ODS column and preparative HPLC. Then the structures of isolated and purified compounds were determined by physical-chemical property and spectral analysis such as 13C-NMR and 1H-NMR. Result: Six compounds were identified as syringaresinol-4'-O-β-D-monoglucoside (1 ), 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl) phenyl-β-D-glucoside (2 ), dibutyl phthalate (3 ), patuletin (4 ), β-daucostero (6 ), β-glutamyl sterol (6 ), 4-allyl-2, 6-dimethoxy phenyl glucoside (7 ), and 1-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2,6-dimethoxy-4-propenylphenol (8 ). Conclusion: Compounds 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8 were isolated from the genus of Tagetes for the first time, providing certain chemical basis and foundation for the comprehensive development and the search for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant active substances in natural plants.关键词：Tagetes patula;chemical constituents;structure identification;patuletin;Asteraceae6|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the correlation between organic components and inorganic components by establishing fingerprints of organic components and profiles of inorganic components of flavonoids from Inulae Herba of different origins, and provide a preliminary basis for comprehensive quality control of Inulae Herba. Method: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to set up fingerprints of organic compounds, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was employed to set up profiles of inorganic elements. Then grey relational analysis was applied to discuss their relationship. Result: We obtained 18 common fingerprint peaks from the fingerprints of organic compounds and 13 common characteristic elements from the profiles of inorganic components. The results of grey relational analysis showed that No.1 peak had the strongest correlation with K and Ca; No.2 and No.17 peaks had the strongest correlation with Na, Mg and Mn; No.4 and No.13 peaks had the strongest correlation with Zn; No.5 had the strongest correlation with Fe; and No.9 and No.11 peaks had the strongest correlation with Al; with correlation coefficients all greater than 0.969 0. Conclusion: The correlation analysis was carried out on the basis of controlling the content of organic and inorganic elements, and there was a strong correlation between these two, indicating that the control of organic components can also partially react the contents of inorganic elements. All of these could provide a reference for the establishment of a comprehensive quality control method and systemic evaluation of Inulae Herba.关键词：flavonoids of Inulae Herba;gray correlation;organic components;inorganic elements6|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To establish a method for the simultaneous determination and analysis of 18 trace elements and heavy metals in Platycladi Cacumen, including Pb,TI,Hg,Dy,Ba,Sb,Sn,Cd,Ag,Mo,Se,As,Cu,Ni,Mn,Cr,Al,Be,Ge and In by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), and provide an experimental basis for revising and improving the quality standard of the Platycladi Cacumen and improving the quality control of the Platycladi Cacumen. Method: After the samples were digested via microwave,Ge was used as the internal standard for the elements with the mass number of less than 100, and In was used as the internal standard for the elements with the mass number of more than 100 to analyze the contents of the 18 trace elements and heavy metals by using ICP-MS. Result: The detection limits of the 18 elements were in the range of 0.224-1.792 μg ·L-1. The 18 trace elements and heavy metals showed the good linearity in the selected concentration ranges (R2 ≥ 0.974 6), with the average recovery from 81.0%-117.1%. In the determination of 63 batches of Platycladi Cacumen samples from different regions, four elements of Hg,Cu,Cd and Sb were low, As was not detected, some of Ba samples exceeded the limit, most of Pb samples was beyond the limit, Al was far beyond the limit;Ni,Cr,Mn,Al,Cu and Ba were the main inorganic elements in Platycladi Cacumen, whcih can be used as the characteristic elements; and Platycladi Cacumen samples from different regions showed some clustering characteristics. Conclusion: The established method is simple with fast analysis and high sensitivity; the internal standard method can improve the precision and accuracy of test results, and the method is suitable for determination of heavy metals and trace elements in Platycladi Cacumen.关键词：Platycladi Cacumen;heavy metals;trace elements;ICP-MS;microwave digestion6|7|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: By comparing the pathological changes of rat pneumonia model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS),which was given through tracheal instillation,oropharyngeal inhalation,nasal instillation and aerosol inhalation method,we screened out the best method to induce acute pneumonia in rats and verified it with multi-index. Method: At 24 h after modeling,inflammation degree of lung tissue of rats in each group was observed.While aerosol inhalation group (LPS-1,LPS-2 and LPS-3) have been modeled 24,16,8 h,respectively;lung function of rats in these three groups tested by non-invasive airway mechanics system,the white blood cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was classified and counted by automatic hematology analyzer,the contents of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in BALF and lung tissue were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Furthermore,we observed the inflammation degree of lung tissue of rats in each group. Result: Compared with intratracheal instillation,oropharyngeal inhalation and nasal instillation,the degree of lung injury in rats from aerosol inhalation LPS group was consistent,the pathological changes were stable,and the differences in the group were small.At 8 h after modeling,the lung function of rats started to change,the contents of white blood cell count (WBC) began to increase in BALF,the contents of IL-6 and TNF-α in BALF and lung tissue began to increase.At 16 h,WBC increased significantly (P<0.05),and the proportion of neutrophils began to increase obviously (P<0.01).At 24 h,WBC increased significantly (P<0.01),and the proportion of lymphocytes began to increase obviously (P<0.05). Conclusion: The animal model established by aerosol inhalation of LPS,which not only has a wide range of inflammation,but also distributes uniformly,furthermore,this model is close to the development of clinical acute pneumonia.In a conclusion,the pneumonia model established by aerosol inhalation of LPS is beneficial for the screening of drugs on pneumonia.关键词：lipopolysaccharide;acute pneumoniae model;aerosol inhalation;non-invasive airway mechanics system;inhalation tower;inflammatory factor;white blood cell count6|6|11更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of Xiaoai Jiedu formula on the proliferation of human hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells and expression profiles of microRNA(miR)-25-3p, miR-29a-5p, miR-122-3p, miR-124-3p and miR-182-5p. Method: Twelve male white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. They were respectively given high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose Xiaoai Jiedu formula or normal saline for four days. Serum was taken from their carotid blood and then made into culture medium. Cytotoxicity of Xiaoai Jiedu formula against SMMC-7721 cells was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Expression profiles of miR-25-3p, miR-29a-5p, miR-122-3p, miR-124-3p and miR-182-5p of SMMC-7721 cells were analyzed by a miRNA array and Real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). Result: High-dose, middle-dose and low-dose Xiaoai Jiedu formula could all inhibit the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells after 12, 24, 48 h. Xiaoai Jiedu formula gradually increased the proliferation inhibition rate of SMMC-7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with the increase of drug concentration. The absorbancy of the high-dose group showed statistical differences after 12 h and 48 h compared with blank control group at the same time points (P<0.05). The absorbancy of the high-dose group showed statistically significant differences after 24 h compared with the blank control group at the same time point (P<0.01). The absorbancy of the high dose group after intervention for 24 h was significantly lower than that of blank control group (P<0.01), the group's inhibition rate was 42.86%. Moreover, Real-time PCR verified the down-regulation of miR-25-3p, miR-182-5p and the up-regulation of miR-29a-5p, miR-122-3p, miR-124-3p induced by Xiaoai Jiedu formula. The regulatory effect of the high-dose group was more significant than that of the blank control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Xiaoai Jiedu formula may inhibit the proliferation of SMMC-721 by inducing the change in microRNA (miRNA) expression. However, the concrete mechanism remains to be further studied.关键词：cancerous toxin;Xiaoai Jiedu formula;hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cell;microRNA;proliferation inhibition7|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the mechanism that Taohong Siwutang (TST) protectshuman brain cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (h-BMECs) injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Method: Theh-BMECs injury models were induced by OGD, and then the cells were randomly divided into six groups:normal control group, model group, TST high, middle and low dose (0.8, 0.4, 0.2 g ·L-1) groups and nimodipine group.3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide(MTT)staining was employed to assay the activities of h-BMECs; the content of superoxide dismutase(SOD), malonaldehyde(MDA)in cells, andlactate dehydrogenase (LDH)in cell supernatantwere determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and the expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-α) andvascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)were detected by Western blot. Result: TST could significantly improve the activities of mimic ischemia injured hMBECs, decrease LDH leakage rate, improve the morphology of h-MBECs obviously, reduce MDA level, enhance SOD activity, and up-regulate the protein expression levels of VEGF and HIF-α. Conclusion: TST has protective effects on OGD-injured h-BMECs, and its mechanism may be related to enhancing the antioxidant capacity, and up-regulating the expression of VEGF and HIF-α, showing the advantages of compound Chinese medicine in integrative regulation.关键词：Taohong Siwutang (TST);brain microvascular endothelial cells;oxygen-glucose deprivation;oxidantive stress;vascular endothelial growth factors;hypoxia inducible factor-1α8|6|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To compare the hepatoprotective effects between the fruit and root of Gardenia jasminoides based on jaundice model, provide pharmacological basis for extending the medicinal parts of G.jasminoides, and provide theoretical support for its comprehensive utilization. Method: KM mice were randomly divided into 9 groups (n=10 in each group):normal group, model group, positive bifendate group (150 mg · kg-1), high, middle and low dose G.jasminoides fruit groups, as well as high, middle and low dose G.jasminoides root groups. After 5 days of intragastric administration, α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) was used to establish icteric hepatitis models of mice. Meanwhile, the treatment was given. 48 h later, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartic transaminase (AST), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), total bilirubin (TBIL), total bile acid (TBA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione(GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were detected in serum and liver, and pathological changes were observed in mouse liver by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining; the mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), bile salt export pump (BSEP), sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) and cholesterol 12α-hydroxylase (Cyp8b1) were detected in liver tissue by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Result: As compared with the normal group, the levels of ALT,AST,γ-GT, TBIL, TBA in serum were significantly increased; SOD, GSH-Px, GSH activities in tissues were significantly decreased; NTCP and Cyp8b1 mRNA expression levels were significantly deceased; and TNF-α, IL-6 and BSEP mRNA expression levels were significantly increased in model group (P<0.01). As compared with the model group, the middle and high dose group of both fruit and root of G. jasminoides significantly reduced the levels of ALT, AST, γ-GT, TBIL, and TBA in serum, significantly enhanced the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and GSH in liver tissue, alleviated the pathological damage of liver, increased the mRNA expressions of NTCP and Cyp8b1, and decreased the mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and BSEP (P<0.05, P<0.01); while the low dose groups only improved the single index or several indexes. Conclusion: The fruit and root of G.jasminoides had protective effect on ANIT induced jaundice model mice, and each dose of two sites had different effects on different indexes. The hepatoprotective mechanism of G. jasminoides fruit may be mainly related to the antioxidant activity and the inflammatory reaction, while the hepatoprotective effect of G. jasminoides root may be related to the metabolism of bile acid.关键词：Gardeniae Fructus fruit;Gardenia jasminoides root;jaundice hepatitis;liver protection10|6|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the hepatoprotective effects and mechanisms of Jincao Xiaodu granule (JCG) on acute hepatic injury in mice induced by D-galactosamine (D-GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Method: After administration of JCG (1.7, 3.4, 6.8 g · kg-1) for 10 consecutive days, the acute hepatic injury models in mice were induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-GalN (700 mg · kg-1)+LPS (10 μg · kg-1). The 8 h survival rate was recorded; the fasting serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) were measured by biochemical test; the activity of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); the protein expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and p-nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB)p65 were analyzed by Western blot; and the pathological changes of liver tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Result: As compared with the model group, the survival rate was significantly increased; the levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, BUN, CREA, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in serum were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01); IgM and IgG were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01); the expression levels of iNOS, COX-2 and p-NF-κB p65 were significantly down-regulated, and the pathological damages induced by D-GalN/LPS were significantly alleviated in JCG treatment group. Conclusion: JCG had good hepatoprotective effects, and its mechanism may be related to improving the hepatorenal function, decreasing the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, up-regulating the immune function, as well as inhibiting the expression of iNOS, COX-2 and p-NF-κB p65.关键词：Jincaoxiaodu granule;acute hepatic injury;D-galactosamine (D-GalN);lipopolysaccharide (LPS);inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS);cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2);p-nuclear transcription factor-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)6|5|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To explore the effect of Bushen Yiqi Huazhuo Tongluo method on renal cell extracellular matrix (ECM) in mice with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (db/db). Method: Tangshenkang(TSK)with the functions of tonifying kidney, replenishing Qi, clearing turbidity and dredging collaterals as the research drug.The 100 SPF male db/db mice at 12 weeks old were randomly divided into 5 groups,namely model control group,rosiglitazone (positive control) group,TSK high, medium and low-dose groups (TH,TM,TL,4.6,13.8, 41.4 g · kg-1). Another 20 SPF SD rats were used as blank control group.After 12 weeks of continuous gastric administration, the blood and the kidney tissueswere taken.Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol(TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), serum cystatin-C (Cys-C) and creatinine clearance (CCr) levels were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer; and the levels of fibronectin (FN), laminin (LN), collagen (Col) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), transforming growth factor(TGF)-β and cluster of differentiation 8+(CD8+) were detected by immunohistochemical method. Result: After treatment, the body weight was significantly decreased in TM group and TH group(P<0.01).In week 8, the random blood glucose of the mice in TSK groups was significantly reduced, and the hypoglycemic effect was still present in TH group (P<0.05, P<0.01).The TG, TC, LDL-C, Cys-C levels of TM group and TH group were all significantly reduced, CCr and HDL-C was increased (P<0.05, P<0.01);ECM(FN, LN, Col Ⅲ and Col Ⅳ),α-SMA, TGF-β and CD8+ of TSK groups were significantly reducedin a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: TSK had reduced the degree of glomerular sclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis,by reducing the expression of α-SMA,TGF-β and CD8+ in DN mice kidney,lowering the weight of DN mice,improving blood lipid metabolism and renal function, and reducing kidney tissue ECM deposition.This may be one of the mechanisms for the treatment of DN by the method of Bushen Yiqi Huazhuo Tongluo method.关键词：diabetic nephropathy;Bushen Yiqi Huazhuo Tongluo method;Tangshenkang;extracellular matrix (ECM)8|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Longdan Xiegan Tang on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) model and provide a preliminary experimental basis for the application of PCOS. Method: Totally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (n=10) and modeling group (n=40). PCOS models were established by using insulin (INS) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). The successfully modeled rats were then divided into model group, Daying-35 group (0.21 g · kg-1), Longdan Xiegan Tang high-dose group (29.6 g · kg-1) and low-dose group (7.4 g · kg-1). After continuous intragastric administration of 15 d, we analyzed the ovarian weight and volume. The levels of luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T), fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin (INS) and levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10; Western blot was used to analyze protein expression of JAK2, STAT3, p-STAT3 and IL-6 in ovarian tissues. Result: As compared with the normal group, ovarian weight and volume were significantly increased; LH/FSH, T, fasting blood glucose and INS levels in serum were significantly increased; IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10 levels were significantly increased; and JAK2, STAT3 and IL-6 protein expression levels were also up-regulated in model group (P<0.05). As compared with the model group, high dose and low dose Longdan Xiegan Tang significantly decreased ovarian weight and volume, LH/FSH, T, fasting blood glucose and INS levels in serum as well as IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10 levels, increased JAK2, STAT3 protein expression and reduced p-STAT3 and IL-6 protein expression (P<0.05). Conclusion: Longdan Xiegan Tang has obvious curative effect on PCOS rats by decreasing hormone level and inhibiting inflammatory reaction and the mechanism may be related to JAK2/STAT3 pathway.关键词：Longdan Xiegan Tang;polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS);hormones;inflammatory cytokines;JAK2/STAT3 pathway6|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To explore the effects of Qinyu Sanlong decoction on expression of secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRP)-2 antagonistic Wnt signal pathway. Method: Based on the previous research, LLC cells were used to construct lung cancer model. The mice bearing tumor were divided into model group (M), Qinyu Sanlong decoction groups (low, middle and high dose groups, named as QL, QM, QH respectively), chemotherapy group (C), and combination group (CQH). Qinyu Sanlong decoction groups were administrated with 20.12, 40.24, and 80.48 g · kg-1 · d-1 by gavage. C group was given with 0.4 mL cisplatin by intraperitoneal injecting. CQH group was administered with high dosage of Qinyu Sanlong decoction by gavage and cisplatin by intraperitoneal injecting. M group was administered with the same amount of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, once a day for 21 d. The tumors were weighed to calculate the tumor inhibition rate. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of tumor. The SFRP-2 and β-catenin protein expression levels in tumor tissues were detected by Western blot. Result: As compared with M group, every medication group could down-regulate β-catenin expression (P<0.01); as compared with QL group, other medication groups also could down-regulate β-catenin expression (P<0.01); as compared with C group, the down-regulation was more obvious in QM group, QH group and CQH group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The results of SFRP-2 showed that SFRP-2 expression was up-regulated in QM and QH groups as compared with M group (P<0.05, P<0.01); every other medication group also could up-regulate SFRP-2 expression as compared with QL group (P<0.01); QM and QH groups could up-regulate SFRP-2 expression as compared with C group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Also, apoptosis was found under electron microscope in medication groups, especially in QH, C and CQH groups. Conclusion: Qinyu Sanlong decoction can effectively inhibit tumor growth, induce apoptosis, promote the SFRP-2 expression and inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.关键词：Qiyu Sanlong decoction;lung cancer;secreted frizzled related protein 2;Wnt/β-catenin6|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of different doses of Gegen Jiaotaiwan on rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Method: T2DM models were established by high fat and high glucose feeding combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Then the rats were randomly divided into normal group (N), model group (MOD), metformin group (MET), Gegen Jiaotaiwan high-dose group (GJH), medium-dose group (GJM) and low-dose group (GJL) (12.15, 8.1, 4.05 g · kg-1). Each treatment group was treated with corresponding drug intervention. After treatment, their body weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured per week, and serum samples were taken 24 h after the last administration. Then the differencesin blood lipid[total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C)], serum liver enzyme activity[aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)], blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), and blood uric acid (UA) were compared between groups. Result: As compared with N group, the body weight was decreased in rats of the MOD group, and FBG, TG, TC, LDL-C, ALT, AST, BUN, SCr and UA levels were all increased, while HDL-C level was decreased (P<0.05). As compared with MOD group, the body weight was increased in various treatment groups, and the FBG, TG, TC, LDL-C levels were decreased (P<0.01); meanwhile, ALT, UA levels were significantly decreased in MET group, GJH group and GJM group (P<0.05). As compared with MET group, the body weight was decreased in GJH group and GJL group,and LDL-C level was significantly decreased (P<0.05); meanwhile, the FBG, ALT, and UA levels were increased in GJL group (P<0.05), while the TC and LDL-C levels were decreased in GJM group (P<0.01). As compared with GJM group, the body weight was decreased in GJH and GJL groups, and the levels of FBG, TC, and LDL-C were increased (P<0.05); meanwhile, ALT and UA levels were increased in GJL group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Different doses of Gegen Jiaotaiwan can reduce the blood lipid and blood glucose levels of T2DM rats, increase the body weight of rats, inhibit ALT expression, and reduce UA content, which could be used to control T2DM and its complications.关键词：Gegen Jiaotaiwan;different dose;type 2 diabetes mellitus;fasting blood glucose (FBG);serum liver enzyme7|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Kudiezi injection on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and the possible mechanisms. Method: Unilateral ureteral ligation was used to establish renal interstitial fibrosis models, and the Sprague-dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group, sham operation group, model group, valsartan (0.01 g · kg-1) group, Kudiezi low and high (0.15, 0.30 g · kg-1) dose groups.At 7th and 14th day after the administration, the rats were sacrificed for blood samples and renal tissues.Serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were measured for renal function. Malondialdehyde(MDA) content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity were measured to reflect renal oxidative stress levels.Hematoxylin eosin(HE) and Masson staining were used to visualize renal fibrosis in each group. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect the expression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1), phosphorylated-Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3), and bone morphogenetic protein-7(BMP-7). The expression levels of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, BMP-7 and type I collagen(ColⅠ) mRNA in renal tissue were detected by reverse trconscription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Result: Kudiezi could decrease the level of serum creatinine in renal interstitial fibrosis rats, alleviate tubulointerstitial damage, reduce the relative area of renal interstitial collagen, down-regulate the content of MDA andthe expression of TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3, Col Ⅰ, and up-regulate the activity of SOD and the expression of BMP-7.As compared with Kudiezi low dose group, Kudiezi high dose (0.30 g · kg-1) group showed better effect and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The protective effect of Kudiezi on renal interstitial fibrosis in rats might be related to the reduction of oxidative stress level and inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad/BMP-7 signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of extracellular matrix.关键词：Kudiezi injection;renal interstitial fibrosis;oxidative stress;transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)/Smad/bone morphogenetic protein-7(BMP-7) signaling pathway6|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma extract (RRE) on liver, spleen injury and the expression of forkhead box P3(Foxp3) in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats. Method: Totally 72 Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control (Con) group, model (AIA) group, dexamethasone (Dex) (0.125 mg · kg-1) group and RRE low, medium and high dose groups (2.5, 5, 10 g · kg-1), 12 rats in each group. After 7 days of adaptive feeding, 0.1 mL Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) solution was injected subcutaneously into the hind paw of each rat to establish AIA models, while the rats in normal control group were injected with an equal volume of distilled water. Drugs were given by intragastric administration for 21 consecutive days. During the administration, the volume of the inflammatory side of the paw was measured by the drainage method, and the behavior and weight gain of the rats were observed. After 21 days of administration, the swelling degree of paw and viscera index were calculated; the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide (NO) in liver tissues were detected; histopathological changes in liver and spleen tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining; and the expression of Foxp3 protein in spleen tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Result: As compared with the normal group, the paw swelling was significantly increased; viscera indexes of spleen and liver were significantly decreased; levels of MDA and MPO were significantly increased, and Foxp3 protein expression in spleen tissues was significantly decreased in model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared with the model group, the paw swelling was significantly reduced in RRE middle and high dose groups and Dex group (P<0.05, P<0.01), but RRE low dose group showed no significant difference; viscera indexes of spleen and liver were significantly increased in RRE low, medium and high dose groups (P<0.01), with improvement in inflammation changes of in liver and spleen tissues. The levels of MDA and MPO were significantly decreased in RRE low, medium and high dose groups and Dex group (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the levels of SOD and NO were significantly decreased only in RRE high dose group and Dex group; Foxp3 protein expression was significantly up-regulated in RRE middle, high dose groups and Dex group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: RRE has obvious anti-inflammatory activity, indicating that RRE can improve liver and spleen injury, increase the levels of MDA and MPO in liver tissues, and increase the expression of Foxp3 in the spleen tissues in AIA rats to enhance the body's immune tolerance ability.关键词：Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma extract;adjuvant-induced arthritis;anti-inflammatory activity;superoxide dismutase (SOD);malondialdehyde (MDA);myeloperoxidase (MPO);nitric oxide (NO);forkhead box P3(Foxp3)7|7|3更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Mayuan Tongbian Zhitong decoction on intestinal function, defecation, intestinal neurotransmitter and aquaporin (AQP) in rats with slow transit constipation (STC), and its potential mechanism of action. Method: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, Mayuan Tongbian Zhitong decoction group (6, 12, 18 mg · kg-1), and mosapride group. The model group, Maoyuan Tongbian Zhitong decoction group and Mosapride group were orally given diphenoxylate suspension 10 mg · kg-1 · d-1 for successively 14 d, so as to establish the STC model. After the model was established, the drug groups were respectively given the corresponding drugs, while control group and model group were given the equal volume of 0.9% NaCl solution for successively 14 days. The amount of feces and water content in each group before and during modeling and during treatment were measured. The carbon advancing rate of rats in each group was calculated; the contents of nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the colon tissues of rats in each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Aquaporin 1, 3, 4 and 8 (AQP1, 3, 4 and 8) in the colon tissues of rats in each group. Result: Compared with the control group, the carbon advancing rate, defecation and fecal water content in model group was decreased (P<0.05); compared with model group, Mayuan Tongtong Zhitong decoction group and mosapride group's carbon acceleration rate and defecation and fecal water content were increased in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05); compared with the control group, the content of NO and NOS in colon in the model group were increased (P<0.05); compared with model group, the content of NO and NOS in colon of Maoyuan Tongbian Zhitong decoction group and mosapride group were decreased in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expressions of AQP1, 3, 4 and 8 in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the expressions of AQP1, 3, 4 and 8 in Mayuan Zhitong Zhitong decoction group and Mosapride group were decreased in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Conclusion: Mayuan Tongbian Zhitong decoction can improve intestinal function, defecation and fecal water content in STC rats. The mechanism may be related to the decrease of the content of NO and NOS in colon and the expressions of AQP1, 3, 4 and 8.关键词：Mayuan Tongbian Zhitong decoction;slow transit constipation;aquaporin;enteric neurotransmitter;intestinal function6|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Shenfu injection on myocardium in rats with severe acute pancreatitis. Method: Totally 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:Sham operation group, model group, ulinastatin (2×104 U · kg-1) group and Shenfu injection groups (3,1.5,0.75 g · kg-1). The models of severe acute pancreatitis were established by retrograde cholangiopancreatic injection of 5% sodium taurocholate solution. Three hours after modeling, the normal saline, ulinastatin and Shenfu injection were respectively given by tail vein injection. After 6 hours, the pathological changes of pancreas and myocardium were observed; the expression of Na+-K+-ATPase activity was detected; and the mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in rat cardiomyocytes were detected by Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Result: As compared with the sham operation group, the pancreatic and myocardial injuries were severe and pathological score was significantly increased in model group (P<0.05); the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly increased (P<0.05). As compared with the model group, the pancreatic and cardiac pathological scores were significantly decreased in Ulinastatin group and Shenfu injection groups (P<0.05); the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase in the myocardium was significantly increased and the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly decreased in Shenfu injection group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Shenfu injection may improve the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase in myocardial cells and decrease the mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in myocardium to protect the myocardium.关键词：Shenfu Injection;severe acute pancreatitis;Na+-K+-ATPase;tumor necrosis factor-α;interleukin-1β;interleukin-68|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Psammosilenes Radix (PR) and PR total saponins (PRTS), and exploreits possible mechanism of anti-inflammatory. Method: The animals were randomly divided into blank control group, model control group, positive drug group (mice:indomethacin, Yuanhu Zhitong capsule 0.585 g · kg-1), PR high, medium and low dosegroups (mice:0.651 1, 0.217, 0.072 35 g · kg-1, rats:0.450 8, 0.150 3, 0.050 08 g · kg-1), PRTS high and low dose groups (mice:0.233 4, 0.025 94 g · kg-1, rats:0.161 6, 0.017 96 g · kg-1). The analgesic effect was evaluated by acetic acid-induced writhing experiments and hot plate experiments. Xylene-induced mouse ear swelling test and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute peritonitis in rats were used to evaluate itsanti-inflammatory effect; the pathological changes of peritoneal tissue were observedby hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining; cell factor of interleukin(IL)-6, IL-10 were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β and nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-κB) p65 were detected by immunohistochemistry in rat mesenteric tissues. Result: As compared with the blank control group, PR and PRTS treatment groups could inhibit the mice ear swelling (P<0.01), and obviously decrease writhing times (P<0.05, P<0.01); PRTS high dose group could remarkably improve the pain threshold of hot-plate test (P<0.01). As compared with the model group, PR and PRTS treatment groups could improve the peritoneal histopathology of acute peritonitis rats and decrease the content of IL-6 (P<0.01); the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and NF-κB p65 in the mesenteric tissues were significantly decreased; and the high dose of PR and PRTS could significantly decrease the levels of IL-10 (P<0.05). Conclusion: PR and PRTS have certain analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, and its mechanism may be related to down-regulating the expression of inflammatory factors and inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.关键词：Psammosilenes Radix (PR);total saponins;anti-inflammatory;analgesia;nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65;immunohistochemical6|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the effects of Huayu Qutan recipe on liver mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complexes in atherosclerosis (AS) rabbits. Method: Totally 90 healthy male SPF New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the normal group, the model group, high, middle and low dose Huayu Qutan recipe groups (4, 8, 16 g · kg-1), simvastatin group (1.4 mg · kg-1), 15 rats in each group. The normal group was fed with basic feeding, and other groups were fed with high-fat diet to establish the atherosclerosis model. After 8 weeks, high, middle and low dose Huayu Qutan recipe groups and simvastatin group were given with corresponding drug solution, while the normal group and model group were given with the same amount of saline. After 4 weeks, the levels of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterolc (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum were tested by the automatic biochemistry analyzer. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and oil red O staining were used to observe the changes of liver tissue morphology. The activity of liver mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complexes was tested by the spectrophotometry. The content of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complexes was tested by Blue-Native-Page. Result: As compared with the normal group, TC, TG, LDL-C levels in serum were increased significantly, and HDL-C level was decreased significantly in model group. As compared with the model group, TC, TG, LDL-C levels were decreased significantly, and HDL-C was increased significantly in high, middle and low dose Huayu Qutan recipe groups and simvastatin group (P<0.01). The effect of high dose Huayu Qutan recipe was most obvious. HE and oil red O staining results showed that as compared with the normal group, the swelling of rabbit liver tissues was obvious and fat vacuoles were clearly visible, with significantly accumulated lipid droplets in the cytoplasm in model group. As compared with the model group, fatty vacuoles in high, middle and low dose Huayu Qutan recipe groups and simvastatin group were decreased significantly or disappeared, and liver tissue morphology was all or partly recovered. The effect of high dose Huayu Qutan recipe was most obvious. As compared with the normal group, the activity and contents of hepatic mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complexes I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, V were decreased in model group (P<0.01). As compared with the model group, the activity and contents of liver mitochondrial respiration chain enzyme complexes I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, V were increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Huayu Qutan recipe may reduce lipidosis to prevent and treat atherosclerosis by affecting contents and activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complexes.关键词：Huayu Qutan recipe;atherosclerosis;mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complex;lipidosis7|6|12更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of toosendanin on the glycolysis of breast cancer cells and the effect on glycolytic enzymes. Method: The human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 were used in this experiment; the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of toosendanin (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 μmol · L-1) on MDA-MB-231and MCF-7 cells proliferation was investigated by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Glucose consumption and lactate content in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells were also detected after treatment with 10, 20, 40 μmol · L-1 toosendanin to evaluate its intervention effect on glycolysis of breast cancer cells. The levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADH) in breast cancer cells were detected to evaluate the cell energy supply level. Hexokinase and pyruvate kinase activities were detected to evaluate the effect of toosendanin on glycolytic enzyme activity. Western blot was used to detect the regulatory effect of toosendanin on pyruvate kinase M2 protein expression in breast cancer cells. Result: The results showed that toosendanin had obvious inhibitory effect on cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231and MCF-7 cells in a concentration dependent manner(P<0.05). Toosendanin could significantly reduce the consumption of glucose and lactic acid content in different breast cancer cell lines(P<0.05), and reduce ATP content in cells(P<0.05), increase the content of NAD+/NADH, and inhibit tumor cell glycolysis level (P<0.05). In addition, it could inhibit the activity of pyruvate kinase, but had no effect on the activity of hexokinase 2, and the results of quantitative analysis showed that the expression of pyruvate kinase M2 could be decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion: Toosendanin could significantly inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells and affect the level of glycolysis. Its mechanism may be associated with regulating the expression of pyruvate kinase M2 in breast cancer cells.关键词：breast cancer;glycolysis;toosendanin;pyruvate kinase M2;hexokinase7|5|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the hydrolytic pearl honey solution by using network pharmacology ideas and methods, and explore the correlations between compositions-targets, compositions-disease, and compositions-genes by analyzing the relationship of "herb-compound targets-gene-disease". Method: Based on the literature data from PubMed, TCMSP, STITCH, database, the national population health science data sharing platform, and Go-pubmed knowledge mining tool, the effective chemical compositions of pearls and honey from the solution were used to construct the multi-composition-multi-target network, multi-composition-multi-disease network, and disease-gene network. Then the enrichment analysis of the genes and target data of respiratory system diseases in OMIM and CTD databases was conducted to build disease gene-protein PPI correlation network model by using Bisogenet plug-in components in cytoscape software. Result: The analysis of various network pharmacological maps showed that these chemical active components can play effect on 560 targets, 224 different types of targets included PTGS1 and PTGS2 isomerases involved in various physiological and pathological processes such as neoplasm, regulation of blood pressure, and inflammatory reaction in the body, cathepsin D, coagulation factor Ⅶ chain, recombinant human protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 1(PTPN1), cytochrome P450-CAM (CYPs), and Gamma aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha 1 (GABRA1). Conclusion: It is suggested that the hydrolysis of pearl honey solution has some anti-inflammatory effects, regulating endocrine and astringent, which can be used to treat recurrent respiratory infection and has good application prospect. According to the author's clinical basis, 192 diseases were involved, and 139 genes related to respiratory disease were selected for pathway enrichment analysis, where 97 pathway sets were obtained to provide foundation for further experimental studies on efficacy.关键词：pearls;honey;active ingredients;network pharmacology;respiratory infection7|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: The potential anti-inflammatory mechanism of Ginkgo Folium extract (EGB) was investigated by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Method: The ingredients of EGB were collected from databases.The anti-inflammatory target searching and identification was performed from literatures.Canvas 2.3 software was used to predict the oral bioavailability and drug-like properties of EGB.The ligands were docked into these anti-inflammatory target proteins using Glide 6.6 implemented in Maestro 10.1 software,and the active components of EGB with anti-inflammatory activity were obtained.The network was constructed based on the 193 active components of EGB and 34 anti-inflammatory target proteins as network nodes.The molecular biological function and metabolic pathway of 34 anti-inflammatory targets were analyzed by ClueGO plug-in. Result: These screened active molecules of EGB exhibited good oral absorption and drug-like properties.The active components have a good effect on the major target proteins,and the molecular mechanisms of the top 10 target proteins were analyzed.Virtual experiments revealed that 34 potential targets were involved in 56 metabolic signaling pathways,in which five types of molecular biological functions and 5 key pathways were closely associated with inflammation. Conclusion: The anti-inflammatory activity of EGB reflects the features of multi-components,multi-targets and multi-pathways,this research can provide a scientific basis for study on anti-inflammatory mechanism of EGB.关键词：molecular docking;Ginkgo Folium extract;target;anti-inflammatory mechanism;network pharmacology7|6|8更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To detect the expression levels of globin transcription factor-1 (GATA-1) and histone deacetylase-1 (HDAC-1) of bone marrow mono-nuclear cells (BMMNCs) in patients of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), in order to analyze the effects of Chinces medicine formulas of ‘strengthening healthy energy’ and ‘eliminating pathogenic factors’ and HDAC inhibitor Vorinostat (SAHA) on acetylation and GATA-1 activation of bone marrow mono-nuclear cells (BMMNCs) from MDS patients in vitro. Method: BMMNCs were collected from 10 lower-risk MDS patients, 5 higher-risk MDS patients and 3 healthy control cases, and then treated with ethanol-extracts of compound Chinese medicine formulas of ‘strengthening healthy energy’ or ‘eliminating pathogenic factors’, or SAHA as positive control for 48 h. The mRNA and protein expression levels of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and erythroid transcription factor (GATA-1) were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blot. Result: After treatment with the formula of ‘strengthening healthy energy’ or ‘eliminating pathogenic factors’ at the concentrations from 0.062 5 to 2.0 g · L-1 for 48 hours, or with SAHA at the concentraions from 3.125 to 10 μmol · L-1 for 48 hours, mRNA and its protein expression levels of HDAC1, GATA-1 were significant different compared with normal group.The formula of ‘strengthening healthy energy’ or ‘eliminating pathogenic factors’ could increase GATA-1 expression by regulating histone acetylation in both lower-risk and higher-risk MDS patients(P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion: The data suggests that epigenetic alternation may be one of the important therapeutic mechanisms of SAHA and ethanol-extracts of compound Chinese medicine on erythroid transcription regulation. In our study, Chinese medicine formulas had a HDACI-like acetylation regulating effect, but with no significant difference between the formulas of ‘strengthening healthy energy’ formula and ‘eliminating pathogenic factors’.关键词：myelodysplastic syndrome;ethanol-extracts of compound Chinese medicine;bone marrow mono-nuclear cell;epigenetics;erythroid transcription7|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Guibi recipe on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) with symptom of kidney deficiency and collaterals obstruction, in order to evaluate the effectiveness and safety. Method: In this study, 60 cases of KOA with symptom of kidney deficiency and collateral obstruction were included, and divided into treatment group (30) taking Guibi recipe and control group (30) taking glucosamine sulfate, 0.5 g/times, 3 times/day. The treatment source was 3 months. The changes in visual analogue scale/score (VAS), the Western Ontario and McMaster (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the two groups were observed before and after treatment, so as to compare the TCM syndrome efficacy and disease efficacy differences of the two groups; meanwhile the adverse reactions were also observed. Result: Comparison of TCM syndromes, the total effective rate in treatment group was 100%, which was higher than 88.3% in control group (P<0.01). Comparison of disease efficacy, the total effective rate in the treatment group was 100%, which was higher than 76.7% in the control group (P<0.01). Compared with before treatment, knee pain, knee swelling, knee flexion and extension, lower limb weakness, lumbar soreness, chills, VAS score and WOMAC index of joint pain, functional integral, stiffness integral and total score of the two groups of patients decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with control group, knee pain, knee swelling, knee flexion and extension adverse, lumbar soreness, chills, VAS score, WOMAC index stiffness score of the treatment group of patients significantly reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01); lower limb weakness and total score, pain, functional score of WOMAC index slightly decreased. Activity indicators comparison, ESR, CRP of the treatment group and the control group were improved (P<0.05, P<0.01), but with no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Gubi recipe can effectively control KOA, with no obvious adverse reaction.关键词：Gubi recipe;knee osteoarthritis;kidney deficiency and collateral obstruction type;clinical observation7|6|2更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To study the clinical efficacy of Bushe Huatan Yizhi decoction combined with butylphthalide and effect on oxidative stress, hemorheology and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Method: The 127 patients with AD treated in The Third Affiliated Hospital, Qiqihar Medical College from March 2014 to April 2016 were selected in this study and divided into two groups according to the random number table, with 63 cases in treatment group and 64 cases in control group. Patients in control group were treated with butylphthalide soft capsules, and on this basis, the patient in treatment group were given with additional Bushe Huatan Yizhi decoction. After 3 months treatment, the treatment efficacy, oxidative stress, hemorheology and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores were compared. Result: The total effective rate was 93.65% in treatment group, higher than 81.25% in control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the hematocrit, the whole blood viscosity at low shear rate, whole blood viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation index were decreased significantly in both groups, and the levels in treatment group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). As compared with the conditions before treatment, the levels of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) were decreased while super oxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) were increased in both groups after treatment, and the effect was more obvious in treatment group (P<0.05). After treatment, MMSE scores and the scores of memory, attention, computational power, orientation, language ability, and recall ability were improved in both groups, and the effects were more obvious in treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Bushe Huatan Yizhi decoction combined with butylphthalide can significantly improve cognitive function and hemorheology, and lower oxidative stress levels in patients with AD, so it has positive therapeutic effect on AD.关键词：Bushe Huatan Yizhi decoction;Alzheimer's disease (AD);oxidative stress;hemorheology;cognitive function7|5|6更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To observe the efficacy of iron therapy of Yaotong Liuhesan combined with acupuncture in treating lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with syndrome of blood stasis, and investigate the mechanism. Method: Totally 120 cases were selected and randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. Control group received the traction therapy by electric traction bed 1 time/day, 30 min/time and etoricoxib tablets 1 tablet/time, qd. In addition to control group, treatment group was given Yaotong Liuhesan combined with acupuncture. Both groups were observed for 4 weeks. Scores of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome of blood stasis and scores of LDH function obstacle and M-JOA, and the efficacy were compared between both groups. Th17 level in peripheral blood and serum interleukin (IL) -17, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α, IL-1β and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) were detected. Hemorheology index levels in both groups were measured before and after treatment. Result: After treatment, scores of TCM syndrome of blood stasis and LDH function obstacle, and M-JOA of treatment group were remarkably decreased when compared with control group (P<0.01). The efficacy rate of treatment group was 95%, which was superior to 80% of control group (P<0.05). In the 2nd and 4th weeks after treatment, Th17 in peripheral blood of treatment group was evidently lower than that of control group (P<0.01). After treatment, compared with control group, serum IL-17, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and VEGF of treatment group were evidently decreased (P<0.01). Compared with control group, hemorheology index level of treatment group was obviously decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: In addition to the conventional western medicine, iron therapy of Yaotong Liuhesan combined with acupuncture was also added to treat LDH with syndrome of blood stasis, and showed a better efficacy than the intervention with simple conventional western medicine. It could regulate the Th17, decrease cytokines levels, improve local blood circulation, and promote recovery.关键词：Yaotong Liuhesan;iron therapy;acupuncture;lumbar disc herniation;syndrome of blood stasis6|6|1更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Shibuwan jiawei in treating premature ovarian failure (POF) with syndrome of yang deficiency of spleen and kidney and regulating the balance of Treg and Th17 and relevant cytokine level. Method: Totally 122 POF cases were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table, with 61 cases in each group. Control group was given the progesterone sequential therapy, orally administered with estradiol valerate tablets, 1 g/time, qd, for 21 days, and also took progesterone pills, 200 mg/time, qd, from the 12th days to the 21st days. In addition to the therapy of control group, observation group was treated with Shibuwan jiawei, 1 dose/day, bid. The courses of treatment were 6 weeks for both groups. Syndromes of Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney, Kupperman scores, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and efficacy were compared between two groups. Treg and Th17 in peripheral blood and serum interleukin (IL) -6, IL-21, interferon (IFN) -γ and transformation growth factor (TGF) -β1 in both groups were detected. Result: After treatment, scores of syndrome of Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney of observation group were obviously lower than those of control group (P<0.01). 3 weeks and 6 weeks after treatment, Kupperman score of observation group was remarkably lower than that of control group(P<0.01). After treatment, serum FSH and LH of observation group were evidently lower, while E2 was evidently higher than those of control group (P<0.01). Total efficacy rate of observation group was 88.33%, which was higher than 71.19% of control group (P<0.05). After treatment, Treg in peripheral blood of observation group was higher, while Th17 cell was lower than that of control group (P<0.01). Serum IL-6, IL-21, IFN-γ of observation group were evidently lower, while TGF-β1 was higher than those of control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Shibuwan jiawei in treating syndrome of Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney of POF can alleviate clinical symptoms, adjust hormone level, and increase efficacy, which may be related to the adjustment of the balance of Treg and Th17 and relevant cytokines level.关键词：Shibuwan;premature ovarian failure;syndrome of Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney;Treg cell;Th17 cell6|6|4更新时间：2024-01-04
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the treatment of unstable angina. Method: A cohort study was performed in this study. During the period of hospitalization, the exposure group was established through the application of TCM injection for at least 7 days. During the follow-up period, the exposure group was established through the application of Chinese medicine or TCM decoction for at least 28 days. The general information, application of TCM and endpoint events of patients were collected based on the medical records during hospitalization. The application of TCM and endpoint events of patients from the date of discharge to December 31, 2015 were followed up by telephone. The single factor analysis was made by chi-square test. The multivariate analysis was performed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Result: During hospitalization, top three endpoint events were revascularization (30.93%), myocardial infarction (25.77%) and stroke (18.56%). TCM therapy (OR=2.651, CI=1.089-6.454), age (OR=1.881, CI=0.817-2.950), antithrombotic therapy (OR=1.088, CI=1.026-1.296), anti-myocardial ischemia therapy (OR=1.150, CI=0.051-2.445), and lipid-lowering therapy (OR=1.241, CI=1.085-1.683) were the factors related to myocardial infarction. TCM(OR=2.972, CI=1.113-7.930) was associated with stroke. During the follow-up period, the endpoint events were cardiovascular readmission (11.66%), revascularization (7.13%) and stroke (3.89%). TCM(OR=1.515, CI=0.299-1.886) and age (OR=1.892, CI=0.813-1.979) were related factors of cardiac death. Conclusion: TCM, age and gender are the related factors of endpoint events in patients with unstable angina. TCM can reduce the incidences of myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with unstable angina during hospitalization, and cardiac death during the follow-up period.关键词：Unstable Angina;traditional Chinese medicine;end-point event;cohort study6|7|6更新时间：2024-01-04
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