Mécanismes moléculaires et avancées dans l’intervention de la médecine chinoise sur l’ulcère du pied diabétique via la régulation de l’axe inflammation-stress oxydatif

  • role: First author第一作者
  • Affiliation:

    Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029,China

  • Email:lanyatou1986@126.com
  • Introduction:王海焱,博士,主任医师,副研究员,哈佛医学院博士后,从事中医药防治糖尿病理论与临床研究,E-mail:lanyatou1986@126.com
WANG Haiyan,  
  • Affiliation:

    Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029,China

TANG Zixiang,  
  • role: Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation:

    Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029,China

  • Email:700513@bucm.edu.cn
  • Introduction:秦灵灵,博士,副研究员,从事中医学防治糖尿病胰岛素抵抗机制研究,E-mail:700513@bucm.edu.cn
QIN Lingling*

résumé

L'ulcère du pied diabétique (DFU) est l'une des complications les plus graves et les plus coûteuses du diabète, sa difficulté de cicatrisation réside dans la persistance du cercle vicieux « inflammation - stress oxydatif ». Les stratégies thérapeutiques traditionnelles ciblant un seul point sont souvent incapables de rompre ce cercle. La médecine traditionnelle chinoise, avec sa philosophie unique de « régulation globale et intervention multi-cibles », a démontré des avantages significatifs dans la promotion de la guérison du DFU. Cet article introduit une perspective d'« intervention systémique » visant à expliquer systématiquement comment la médecine chinoise, par le biais d'un réseau synergique multicomposant, déconstruit et intervient précisément sur cette boucle pathologique. D'abord, l'article analyse en profondeur le dialogue croisé entre le facteur de transcription nucléaire NF-κB et le complexe inflammatoire NLRP3, le déséquilibre de la polarisation des macrophages et la perturbation de l'homéostasie redox sous un environnement hyperglycémique, montrant comment ces interactions forment un cercle vicieux auto-entretenu conduisant à des troubles de la cicatrisation des plaies. Ensuite, le contenu principal décrit systématiquement les voies de rupture de la médecine chinoise : (1) les composants actifs des plantes uniques (comme la kaempférol, l'astragaloside) régulent précisément des points clés tels que PI3K/Akt, TLR4/NF-κB, inhibant l'inflammation et le stress oxydatif ; (2) les formules classiques (comme Si Miao Yong An Tang, Tao Hong Si Wu Tang) améliorent systématiquement la microcirculation et le microenvironnement immunitaire grâce à la synergie de multiples composants ; (3) les préparations topiques (comme Sheng Ji Yu Hong Gao, Jin Huang San) activent localement les voies de signalisation Nrf2/HO-1, exerçant une puissante action anti-inflammatoire et favorisant la réparation. Ces trois approches illustrent ensemble un mécanisme synergique « traitement interne pour restaurer l’équilibre fondamental, traitement externe ciblé pour soulager les symptômes ». Des études cliniques actuelles confirment que cette intervention multi-cible favorise efficacement la guérison et améliore les symptômes. Cependant, ce domaine fait face à des défis tels que l’incertitude de la base matérielle de l’efficacité des formules complexes, le contrôle qualité et la standardisation des protocoles cliniques, dus à la tension entre la nature complexe des systèmes de la médecine chinoise et les exigences modernes de standardisation. À l’avenir, il est nécessaire d’utiliser des technologies avancées telles que la pharmacologie de réseau, la multi-omique spatiale et l’intelligence artificielle pour promouvoir la transition de la médecine chinoise pour le DFU d’une approche « multi-cibles empirique » vers une « régulation systémique précise », fournissant ainsi une base théorique pour le développement de stratégies innovantes intégrant médecine chinoise et occidentale pour la gestion des plaies difficiles à cicatriser.

mots-clés

ulcère du pied diabétique ; axe inflammation-stress oxydatif ; traitement par la médecine chinoise ; régulation multi-cibles ; cicatrisation des plaies ; mécanismes moléculaires

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