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古典名方中の白薇の本草考証

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    Shanxi Pharmaceutical Vocational College，Taiyuan 030031，China

  • Email：1123362450@qq.com
  • Introduction：景晓琦，硕士，副教授，从事中药质量控制研究，E-mail：1123362450@qq.com
JING Xiaoqi1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Shanxi Pharmaceutical Vocational College，Taiyuan 030031，China

GUO Minna1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Shanxi Pharmaceutical Vocational College，Taiyuan 030031，China

WANG Haihua1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Shanxi Pharmaceutical Vocational College，Taiyuan 030031，China

LI Juan1,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine，Shanxi University，Taiyuan 030006，China

  • Email：ample1007@163.com
  • Introduction：张福生，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，从事中药资源与质量评价研究，E-mail：ample1007@163.com
ZHANG Fusheng2*,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs，National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica，China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences，Beijing 100700，China

  • Email：zzlzhongyi@163.com
  • Introduction：詹志来，博士生导师，研究员，从事中药品质评价、本草考证、中药标准化研究，E-mail：zzlzhongyi@163.com
ZHAN Zhilai3*

サマリー

本論文は、古来の本草、医籍、方書及び近現代の関連文献資料を通じて、白薇薬材の名称、基原、学名考証、産地、品質評価、採取加工と炮製、性味帰経及び機能主治等の多様な側面の歴史的変遷を体系的に整理し考証したものである。これにより、白薇を含む古典処方の開発利用の根拠を提供する。考証の結果、歴代本草は「白薇」を正名とし、「春草」「婆婆針線包」「龍胆白薇」などの別称も存在することが分かった。主として使用されるのはロウ属植物白薇の根及び根茎である。歴代に記録された産地は山東、安徽、江蘇、陝西、山西等に及び、明末以降は山東の莒県、沂水、日照等の産地が道地とされ、「東白薇」と称されている。近代の品質基準は、根が細長く真っ直ぐで、外色は淡黄色、内色は比較的白く、乾燥すると折れやすいものが良とされる。採取時期は宋代以前は陰暦三月三日、宋代以降は春秋の二季に収穫される。古代の初加工法は陰干し、芦の除去、髭の除去であり、現代は洗浄後に天日干しとする。南北朝時代の炮製法は蒸し法、宋代は焙乾・微炒、明代には酒洗が現れ、現代は生用、清炒または蜜炙が多い。薬性については、古今共に苦味・塩味で無毒とされ、清代前は大寒、清代以降は寒と記載される。明代以前は帰経記載がなく、清代に肺経入経が記録され、現代では主に胃・肝・腎経に帰す。古今の主な効能は清熱利尿、滋陰益精であり、陰虚発熱の病証に用いられる。考証結果に基づき、白薇を含む古典処方の開発時には、ロウ属の白薇を薬用基原とし、乾燥根と根茎を用い、炮製の指定がない場合は生品を用い、指定がある場合は原方に従った加工品を選定することが推奨される。

キーワード

古典名方;白薇;本草考証;基原;産地;炮製;性味帰経

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