이전|다음

고전 명방 중 백미의 본초 고증

  • role： First author第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    Shanxi Pharmaceutical Vocational College，Taiyuan 030031，China

  • Email：1123362450@qq.com
  • Introduction：景晓琦，硕士，副教授，从事中药质量控制研究，E-mail：1123362450@qq.com
JING Xiaoqi1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Shanxi Pharmaceutical Vocational College，Taiyuan 030031，China

GUO Minna1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Shanxi Pharmaceutical Vocational College，Taiyuan 030031，China

WANG Haihua1,  
  • Affiliation：

    Shanxi Pharmaceutical Vocational College，Taiyuan 030031，China

LI Juan1,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine，Shanxi University，Taiyuan 030006，China

  • Email：ample1007@163.com
  • Introduction：张福生，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，从事中药资源与质量评价研究，E-mail：ample1007@163.com
ZHANG Fusheng2*,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs，National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica，China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences，Beijing 100700，China

  • Email：zzlzhongyi@163.com
  • Introduction：詹志来，博士生导师，研究员，从事中药品质评价、本草考证、中药标准化研究，E-mail：zzlzhongyi@163.com
ZHAN Zhilai3*

추상적인

이 논문은 역대 본초서, 의서, 방서 및 근현대 관련 문헌 자료를 통해 백미약재의 명칭, 기원, 학명 고증, 산지, 품질 평가, 채취 가공과 포제, 성미귀경 및 기능 주치 등 다양한 측면의 역사적 변천을 체계적으로 정리하고 고증하였다. 이를 통해 고전 명방에서 백미 약재 개발 이용의 근거를 제공한다. 고증에 따르면 역대 본초서에서는 대부분 ‘백미’를 정명으로 사용하였으며 ‘춘초’, ‘보보침선포’, ‘용담백미’ 등의 별칭도 존재한다. 주로 사용되는 원료는 로우과 식물인 백미(Cynanchum atratum)의 뿌리 및 근경이다. 기록된 산지로는 산동, 안후이, 강소, 섬서, 산서 등이 주요하며, 명말 이후 산동 곡현, 의수, 일조 등의 산지가 도지로서 존중받아 ‘동백미’라 통용된다. 근래 품질은 수근이 가늘고 길며 곧아야 하며, 겉색은 연노란색, 속색은 비교적 희며 건조 시 쉽게 부러지는 것을 선호한다. 채취 시기는 송대 이전 음력 3월 3일이었으나 이후 봄과 가을 두 계절 모두 채취 가능하다. 산지 초기 가공은 음건, 노제, 수치 제거 등이었으나 현대에는 세척 후 건조한다. 남북조 시기 포제법은 증법, 송대는 주로 회건과 미초, 명대는 주세가 등장했으며 현대에는 생용, 청초 또는 밀자(조청)를 사용한다. 약성 측면에서 고금 모두 맛은 쓰고 짠맛이며 무독하고 청대 이전에는 성질이 대한으로 기록되었으나 청대 이후 본류 본초에서는 한으로 기록된다. 명대 이전에는 귀경 기록이 없으나 청대부터 폐경에 입경한다고 기록되고 현대에는 주로 위, 간, 신경에 들어간다. 주요 효능은 청열이뇨, 자음익정이며 음허발열 병증에 주로 사용된다. 고증 결과를 바탕으로 백미가 포함된 고전 명방 개발 시 약용 기원으로는 로우과 백미(C. atratum)를 선택하고 건조 뿌리와 근경을 사용하며 포제 요구가 명확하지 않은 경우 생품을 사용하고 포제 요구가 있는 경우 원방 요구대로 선택하여 사용하도록 권장한다.

키워드

고전 명방;백미;본초 고증;기원;산지;포제;성미귀경

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