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1.江西中医药大学 现代中药制剂教育部重点实验室,南昌 330004
2.江西中医药大学 药学院, 南昌 330004
3.经典名方现代中药创制全国重点实验室,南昌 330004
李丽琴,在读硕士,从事中药发酵研究,E-mail:18270150860@163.com
管咏梅,教授,博士生导师,从事中药新制剂与新技术及食疗学研究,E-mail:guanym2008@163.com
收稿日期:2025-01-22,
录用日期:2025-03-24,
网络出版日期:2025-03-28,
纸质出版日期:2025-07-20
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李丽琴,曾子轩,唐烨等.葛根治疗2型糖尿病的研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(14):279-285.
LI Liqin,ZENG Zixuan,TANG Ye,et al.Application of Puerariae Lobatae Radix in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(14):279-285.
李丽琴,曾子轩,唐烨等.葛根治疗2型糖尿病的研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(14):279-285. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20250602.
LI Liqin,ZENG Zixuan,TANG Ye,et al.Application of Puerariae Lobatae Radix in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(14):279-285. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20250602.
葛根为豆科植物野葛的干燥根,始载于《神农本草经》,其性凉、味甘辛,归脾、胃经,具有清热生津、升阳止泻、解肌退热等功效。葛根在临床中常配伍天花粉、麦冬等以增强滋阴润燥、生津止渴之效,用于治疗阴虚燥热所致的糖尿病。现代药理学研究表明葛根富含异黄酮类(如葛根素、大豆苷元)、三萜皂苷及多糖等多种生物活性成分,其治疗2型糖尿病的作用机制呈现多靶点调控特征:通过激活磷酸肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)信号通路改善胰岛素抵抗,促进葡萄糖转运蛋白 4(Glut4)易位增加外周组织葡萄糖摄取;调控等转录因子保护胰岛
β
细胞功能、促进胰岛素分泌;下调核转录因子-
κ
B(NF-
κ
B)信号通路、抑制肿瘤因子-
α
(TNF-
α
)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)等炎症因子表达,改善胰岛微环境,这种多效协同作用为葛根治疗糖尿病提供了科学依据。该文系统梳理了葛根治疗2型糖尿病的中医理论基础,解析其核心功效成分,整合现代药理研究成果,深入阐释其作用机制,旨在为葛根资源的开发及其治疗2型糖尿病的深入研究与临床应用奠定基础。
Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Pueraria root), derived from the dried root of
Pueraria lobata
, a leguminous plant, was first recorded in the
Classic of the Materia Medica
(
Shennong Bencao Jing
). It is characterized by a cool nature and a sweet-pungent taste, and it enters the spleen and stomach meridians. Traditionally, it is used to clear heat, promote fluid production, raise Yang, alleviate diarrhea, relieve muscle tension, and clear fever. In clinical practice, Puerariae Lobatae Radix is often combined with Trichosanthis Radix and Ophiopogonis Radix to enhance its effects in
nourishing Yin, moistening dryness, and promoting fluid production, making it useful for treating diabetes caused by Yin deficiency and internal heat. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that Puerariae Lobatae Radix
is rich in bioactive compounds, including isoflavones (such as puerarin and daidzein), triterpenoid saponins, and polysaccharides. Its therapeutic effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) involve multi-target regulatory mechanisms. Specifically, it activates the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway to improve insulin resistance, thereby facilitating glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation and increasing glucose uptake in peripheral tissues. Additionally, Puerariae Lobatae Radix regulates transcription factors to protect pancreatic
β
-cell function and promote insulin secretion. Moreover, it downregulates the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-
κ
B) signaling pathway and suppresses the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-
α
) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), thereby improving the pancreatic microenvironment. These multi-faceted and synergistic effects provide a scientific basis for the use of Puerariae Lobatae Radix in diabetes treatment. This study systematically reviewed the traditional Chinese medicine theoretical foundation of Puerariae Lobatae Radix in treating T2DM, analyzed its core bioactive components, integrated findings from modern pharmacological research, and thoroughly explained its mechanisms of action. The aim is to provide a basis for the development of Puerariae Lobatae Radix resources and their application in the research and clinical treatment of T2DM.
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