Objective:To perform a pharmacognostical study of the part on the ground of Barleria lupulina Lindl. Method: Classical pharmacognostical methods were used to identify the source and characteristics

and the paraffin sections

temporary water tablets and slide with chloral hydrate were used to identifiy and analyse the microscopic structure. Result: The B. lupulina was characterized by slightly square stem as young and the old stem was round; there are some purple thorns in the base of petiole. The stem has multiple epidermis

broad cortex

clear endodermis and casparian dots

and some acicular crystals in its pith parenchyma cells.In both of the the upper and lower epidermis of leaf

there are some cystolith cells

glandular scales and diacytic type of stoma. Conclusion: The results can be used as evidence for characterization and microscopic identification of B. lupulina.