Objective: To observe the effects of Shexiang Wulong pill on pathomorphology and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endostatin (ES) of synovium tissue in the rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA)

and investigate Shexiang Wulong pill treatment for the rheumatoid arthritis whether concerns with the adjustment to the imbalance of VEGF/ES. Method: The rats with adjuvant arthritis model was established. Shexiang Wulong pill fills pill low dose and high dose (1

2 g·kg-1) were given orally. One week later

the structure changes of synovium tissue were observed

and the expression of VEGF and ES in synovium tissue was determined by immunohistochemical test. Result: The Shexiang Wulong pill low

high dose group both could reduce the pathological synovium integral

both dose group compared with model group had difference (P<0.05); the low dose group had no statistical difference with the high dose group. Compared with the model group

the low and high dose groups also could reduce the expression of VEGF

increase the expression of ES and reduce the ratio of VEGF/ES in synovium tissue(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The low dose group had no statistical difference with the high dose group. Conclusion: The Shexiang Wulong pill can attenuate the degree of chronic inflammation and angiogenesis in synovium of AA rats. The mechanism might be associated with the adjustment to the imbalance of VEGF/ES in synovium of AA rats.