Objective: To provide anatomical and chemical evidences for the identification of Chirita eburnean and C. lutea. Method: The paraffin section method and the slide with chloral hydrate were applied for the microscopic identifications of rhizomes and leaves of the two original plants. Result: There were no differences on the microscopic structure of the two medicinal between C. eburnean and C. lutea.However

there are significant differences between chemical characteristics. Conclusion: The article provided the basis for the identification and the further development of the two medicinal plants.