Objective:To investigate the neuron protective effect of Qingre Huayu prescription（QRHYP） preconditioning on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion（I/R） injury in rats.Method:160 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups as following:sham-operation group

middle cerebral artery occlusion（MCAO） group

brain ischemia preconditioning（BIP） group and QRHY group.Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups according to 12 h

1 d

2 d and 3 d after I/R.The BIP model was established The pathomorphology of brain tissue

the apoptosis rate of neuron and infarct volume after I/R were evaliated.Result:①Light microscopy and electron microscopy showed that the change of pathomorphology in BIP group was more significantly improved than that in MCAO group.The infarct size of the BIP group was smaller than that of the MCAO group（P<0.05）.QRHYP treatment could very markedly reduce those injury compared with BIP group（P<0.05）.②The rate of apoptosis in MCAO increased markedly at 12 h after reperfusion than that of the sham group（P<0.01）

and reached the peak at 1 d

then decreased continuously

but still higher than sham group（P<0.01）.BIP could decrease the rate of apoptosis（P<0.05 or P<0.01）.QRHYP treatment could further lower apoptosis compared with BIP group（P<0.05 or P<0.01）.Conclusion:Qingre Huayu prescription precondtioning could have a synergistic neuron protective effect on I/R injury in rats.