Objective: To study the spectrum-effect relationship on anti-inflammatory effective fraction of Echinopsis Radix and the basis for its anti-inflammatory effect of substance. Method: Mice ear swelling experiment was used to observe its anti-inflammatory effect of different polar parts and to screen efficacy site preliminarily. The HPLC fingerprints of its anti-inflammatory effective fraction were established. Each component peak areas of HPLC fingerprints and anti-inflammatory efficacy were associated by the grey correlation analysis. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted by the backward method to establish a fit regression equation. Result: The chloroform part of Echinopsis Radix had the most significant anti-inflammatory effects. There were significant differences compared with the model group (P<0.01)

and there were not significant differences compared with the positive control group. In the nine peaks of the chloroform part fingerprint of Echinopsis Radix

there were seven peaks which had a significant contribution to the anti-inflammatory effect. The compounds represented by the 2nd

the 3rd

the 5th and the 7th peaks(the 7th peak represent α-triple thiophene)had anti-inflammatory effect by a positive correlation

but the compounds represented by the 4th

the 8th and the 9th peaks had anti-inflammatory effect by a negative correlation. Conclusion: The chloroform part of Echinopsis Radix has a good anti-inflammatory effect. One of the main active ingredients of anti-inflammatory effect of Echinopsis Radix is α-triple thiophene. In addition

there are six major ingredients involved in this pharmacological process.