Objective: To observe the curative efficacy of Kanli granule in treating coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with syndrome of heart and kidney Yang deficiency

investigate its effect on function and structure of artery

and explore the possible mechanism of these effects. Method: Totally 62 CAD patients with syndrome of heart and kidney Yang deficiency were randomly divided into western medicine group (31 cases) and Kanli granule group (31 cases). Changes in heart function and arterial elasticity indexes cardio ankle vascular index (CAVI)

ankle brachial index (ABI) were measured

aortic flow shear rate (SRs) and arterial remodeling conditions (intima-media thickness) were observed;indexes related to serum endothelial functions (NO

ET-1) were measured

levels of type I collagen metabolites procollagen I N-terminal peptide (PINP) and type I carboxy-terminal peptide (ICTP) were measured. The possible mechanism of Kanli granule effect on artery was investigated by observing the blood flow mediated changes in endothelial function and arterial wall structure. Result: After treatment with Kanli granule

left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly increased in CAD patients with syndrome of heart and kidney Yang deficiency (P<0.05). After treatments

ABI of arterial elasticity indexes was significantly improved in Kanli granule group (P<0.05)

and the improvement was more obvious than that of western medicine group (P<0.05). SRs in western medicine group was significantly decreased after treatment(P<0.05). In serum indexes

iNOS was significantly reduced in western medicine group after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Kanli granule can improve left ventricular systolic function and significantly improve arterial elasticity function in the patients with stable coronary artery disease and syndrome of both heart and kidney yang deficiency. Its mechanism may be associated with endothelial protection by raising SRs and reducing NO level activated by iNOS.