Objective: To carry out the pharmacognostic identification of Toddalia asiatica root bark including plant tissue cross section and fine powder microscopic identification

its hemostatic activity and sample preparation method. Method: Through making horizontal slices of full root of T.asiatica

water loading slides

permeabilizing slides and staining slides of the root bark and the root cores respectively

the tissue section characteristics of full root of T. asiatica were improved in traditional means of pharmacognostic identification

fine powder microscopic characteristics between the root bark and the root cores of T. asiatica were also investigated.For hemostatic activity of T. asiatica root bark

bleeding time (BT)

amount of bleeding (BA) and clotting time (CT) were chosen as indexes

different extraction methods and polarity fractions were studied by typical mouse tail-cutting method and glass capillary tube method. Result: T. asiatica root bark contained a lot of stone cells

calcium oxalate crystals

cork cells

oil cells

et al.Meanwhile

the root cores had wood fibers

calcium oxalate crystals

textured pit catheters

et al.Both 95% ethanol cold maceration method and 50% ethanol reflux method were suitable for extraction of T. asiatica root bark.The ethyl acetate fraction of cold maceration extract showed the best hemostatic activity by comparing with petroleum ether fraction and n-butanol fraction.Under administration of 1.50 g·kg-1 ethyl acetate fraction of cold maceration extract

average values of BT

BA and CT were (59.67±12.31) s

(4.42±1.67) mg and (79.67±5.57) s. Conclusion: Stone cells

cork cells and oil cells are characteristic items of T. asiatica root bark

wood fibers only existes in T. asiatica root cores relatively.Combination of cold maceration method and ethanol reflux method is reasonable for extraction of T. asiatica root bark.T. asiatica root bark has excellent hemostatic and coagulation effects

and hemostatic effect of ethyl acetate fraction of cold maceration extract is the best.