Objective: To compare the activities of different processed products of Plantaginis Semen on membranous nephropathy rats. Method: Different processed products of Plantaginis Semen were extracted by heating reflux. The improved Border method was used to establish a model of membranous nephropathy in rats using bovine serum albumin (C-BAS). The 24 h urinary protein quantitative (UTP)

serum total cholesterol (TC)

triglyceride (TG)

total protein (TP)

blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) in the rats in the 6th weekend were tested. The renal pathological morphology changes were observed under electron microscope

and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α

cell factor of interleukin (IL)-1β

transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1

nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 were detected by immunohistochemical methods. Result: Compared with the blank group

the contents of urinary proteins

kidney exponents

biochemistry indexes in serum

immune cytokines in model group were significantly different (P<0.01)

with obvious pathological changes of kidney. Compared with the model group

the contents of urinary proteins and kidney exponents in benazepril group

three salt-processed groups and high-dose crude Plantaginis Semen group were lower (P<0.05

P<0.01)

the changes of biochemistry indexes in serum were obvious (P<0.05

P<0.01)

and the pathological changes of kidney were significantly improved in benazepril group

three salt-processed groups and high-dose crude Plantaginis Semen group; the expressions of four immune cell cytokines were lower (P<0.01

P<0.05). Compared with the high-dose crude Plantaginis Semen group

the contents of urinary proteins in benazepril group

high and middle-dose salt-processed groups were lower (P<0.05

P<0.01)

the kidney exponents in benazepril group and high-dose salt-processed group were lower (P<0.05). BUN

SCr

TC

TG in benazepril group

and high and middle-dose salt-processed groups were lower (P<0.05

P<0.01)

only BUN in low-dose salt-processed group was lower (P<0.05)

TP in benazepril group

high and middle-dose salt-processed groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). Expressions of four biochemistry indexes in serum in benazepril group were significantly lower (P<0.01). Compared with the high-dose crude Plantaginis Semen group

expressions of TNF-α

IL-1β in salt-processed groups were lower (P<0.01)

expressions of TGF-β1

NF-κB p65 in high-dose salt-processed group were lower (P<0.05

P<0.01). Conclusion: The renal protection and immune regulating factor of salt-processed Plantaginis Semen were better than those of crude groups in membranous nephropathy rats. The material basis and pharmacology mechanism of salt-processed Plantaginis Semen were studied in further studies based on current results.