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广西医科大学 附属肿瘤医院,南宁 530021
Received:11 October 2018,
Published Online:20 December 2018,
Published:05 April 2019
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Mao-jian CHEN, Wei JIANG, Qing-hong QIN, et al. Anti-tumor Molecular Mechanism of Capsaicin[J]. Chinese journal of experimental traditional medical formulae, 2019, 25(7): 100-108.
Mao-jian CHEN, Wei JIANG, Qing-hong QIN, et al. Anti-tumor Molecular Mechanism of Capsaicin[J]. Chinese journal of experimental traditional medical formulae, 2019, 25(7): 100-108. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20190724.
恶性肿瘤是世界范围内严重威胁人类健康的重大慢性病,也是21世纪中国乃至全球最严重的公共卫生问题之一,如何有效的控制以至于治愈肿瘤也是当今医学领域中亟待解决的首要问题之一。手术以及放化疗目前仍是其主要治疗方式,其中放化疗带来的副作用不容忽视。因此寻找毒性低,作用强并且对肿瘤细胞具有靶向性的新型抗肿瘤药物具有重要的现实意义。辣椒碱又名辣椒素,是一种从茄科辣椒属植物中分离出来的脂溶性香草酰胺的植物碱,化学结构式为(反式)8-甲基-
N
-香草基-6-壬烯酰胺(C
18
H
27
NO
3
),呈单斜长方形片状无色结晶,它是辣椒中的主要生物活性成分。辣椒碱的药理作用十分广泛,不仅具有抗氧化、预防心血管疾病、保护胃肠黏膜、镇痛、抗炎和止痒等多种功效,而且具有很强的抗肿瘤作用。大量研究证实,辣椒碱在体内和体外均具有显著的抗肿瘤作用,辣椒碱既可通过调控致癌物质的代谢以及致癌物与DNA的相互作用,从而发挥癌症化学预防作用,也可通过抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、诱导肿瘤细胞周期阻滞、促进肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞迁移、侵袭和转移及抑制肿瘤血管生成、调控肿瘤细胞自噬和介导肿瘤免疫等方式进而发挥抗肿瘤作用。本文通过检索近年来与辣椒碱相关的国内外文献,并对其进行分析、归纳、总结,从辣椒碱抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、诱导肿瘤细胞周期阻滞、促进肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞迁移、侵袭和转移及抑制肿瘤血管生成、调控肿瘤细胞自噬和介导肿瘤免疫等过程的主要作用分子机制及靶点进行综述,为今后进一步研究及合理开发利用辣椒碱提供科学依据和理论基础。
Malignant tumors are major chronic diseases that threaten human health worldwide and one of the most serious public health problems in China and even in the world in the 21
st
century. How to effectively control and even cure tumors is also one of the most essential problems in the medical field today. Currently
although surgery
chemotherapy and radiotherapy remain the main therapies
the accompanying adverse events of chemotherapy and radiotherapy cannot be ignored. Therefore
it is of great significance to find new anti-tumor targeted drugs with a low toxicity and strong effects. Capsaicin is a plant base of fat-soluble vanillin amide isolated from Solanaceae. Its chemical structure is trans-8-methyl-
N
-vanillyl-6-nonenamide (C
18
H
27
NO
3
)
a type of monoclinic rectangular flake of colorless crystals
which is the main biologically active ingredient in peppers. Capsaicin has a wide range of pharmacological effects
including anti-oxidation
prevention of cardiovascular disease
protection of gastrointestinal mucosa
analgesia
anti-inflammation
itching relief and even anti-tumor. Numerous studies indicated that capsaicin has significant anti-tumor effects
in vivo
and
in vitro
. Capsaicin can play a chemopreventive role by regulating the metabolism of carcinogens and the interaction of carcinogens with DNA. As well
capsaicin was proven to play an anti-tumor effect by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation
inducing tumor cell cycle arrest
promoting tumor cell apoptosis
inhibiting tumor cell migration
invasion and metastasis
inhibiting tumor angiogenesis
regulating tumor cell autophagy and mediating of tumor immunity. In this paper
we searched
analyzed
and summarized domestic and foreign literatures relating to capsaicin in recent years. We reviewed the effect of capsaicin on inhibiting tumor cell proliferation
inducing tumor cell cycle arrest
promoting tumor cell apoptosis
inhibiting tumor cell migration
invasion and metastasis
inhibiting tumor angiogenesis
regulating tumor cell autophagy and mediating of tumor immunity
as well as the underlying main molecular mechanisms
so as to provide scientific and theoretical basis for further research
development and utilization of capsaicin.
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