Excellent Papers Recommended by Editors
Excellent papers recommended by editors of each issue in 2021
Theme Keywords： famous classical formulas；corona virus disease-2019；traditional Chinese medicine；dihydroartemisinin；animal model
- Excellent Papers Recommended by Editors
- Abstract：Depression is a threat to human health due to high incidence， recurrence， and disability rates. At present， the complex etiology and pathogenesis of depression are still unclear， and such hypotheses as monoamine neurotransmitters and their receptor abnormality， hyperactivity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis， inflammation， and neuron damage and remodeling have been put forward. Anti-depressants developed based on the pathogenesis have a certain effect， but there also exist some problems like low cure rate， poor compliance， relapse after discontinuation， and obvious side effects. According to Zhongjing's theory， depression falls into the categories of depression syndrome， visceral agitation， insomnia， and lily disease， and it is mainly located in the liver， involving the spleen， heart， and kidney. The pathogenesis mainly lies in qi stagnation and zang-fu organ dysfunction. Attention should be focused on regulating qi and relieving depression. Zhongjing's antidepressant prescriptions have exhibited good clinical efficacy in the treatment of depression， reflecting the multi-pathway action advantages of Chinese herbs. Based on the pathogenesis of depression and domestic and foreign literature on the intervention of depression with Zhongjing's prescriptions available in the past 20 years， this paper summarized the mechanisms of Zhongjing's prescriptions against depression from the experimental and clinical research aspects， in order to provide reference for clinical treatment of depression with Zhongjing's prescriptions.Keywords：depression;Zhongjing's prescriptions;multiple targets;pathogenesis;research progress207|136|5
<HTML><H-PDF><L-PDF>Updated：2021-11-12 - Abstract：ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang （CJLM） on hippocampal NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）inflammasome pathway in rats with depression.MethodSixty male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group，a model group， a MCC950 （1 mg·kg-1） group， and high- （13 g·kg-1）， medium- （6.5 g·kg-1）， and low-dose （3.25 g·kg-1） Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang groups， with 10 rats in each group．The depression model was induced by isolation combined with chronic unpredictable mild stimulation（CUMS） in rats except for those in the normal group. Rats were treated correspondingly for 21 days by intraperitoneal injection in the MCC950 group and gavage in other groups. The normal group and the model group received an equal volume of normal saline. The depression-like behaviors of rats were observed by sucrose preference test （SPT） and novelty-suppressed feeding test. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to determine the levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and IL-18 in the hippocampus of depressed rats. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of NLRP3， apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain （ASC）， and Caspase-1.ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed decreased sucrose preference rate （P<0.01）， prolonged novelty-suppressed feeding time （P<0.01）， enhanced protein expression of NLRP3，ASC， and caspase-1 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and elevated expression of IL-1β and IL-18 （P<0.01）.ConclusionCJLM can alleviate depression-like behaviors in CUMS-induced model rats， and the underlying mechanism is related to the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway．Keywords：depression;Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang;inflammation;hippocampus;NOD-like receptor protein 3（NLRP3）inflammasome208|105|5<HTML><H-PDF><L-PDF>Updated：2021-11-12
- Abstract：ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Sinisan on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）/tyrosine kinase receptor B （TrKB）， 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）/5-HT1A receptor （5-HT1AR）， and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis in depressed rats， and explore the antidepressant mechanism of Sinisan based on BDNF/TrKB， 5-HT/5-HT1AR， and HPA axis.MethodA total of 120 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal group， a model group， a fluoxetine （0.01 g·kg-1） group， and low- （1.25 g·kg-1）， medium- （2.5 g·kg-1）， and high-dose （5 g·kg-1） Sinisan groups， with 20 rats in each group. The depression model was induced by isolation combined with chronic unpredictable mild stimulation（CUMS） in rats except for those in the normal group for 21 days. Rats were then treated correspondingly once a day for 21 days by gavage. Those in the normal group and the model group received an equal volume of normal saline. During the intervention， the model rats were stimulated continuously. The depressive state of CUMS model rats was evaluated by sucrose preference test and open field test. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to determine the levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone （CRH）， adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH）， and corticosterone （CORT） in the plasma and BDNF and 5-HT levels in the hippocampal homogenate. The mRNA expression of hippocampal TrKB， 5-HT1AR， glucocorticoid receptor （GR）， and mineralocorticoid receptor （MR） was detected by real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The protein expression of hippocampal TrKB， 5-HT1AR， GR， and MR was detected by Western blot. The histomorphological changes of the hippocampus were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining.ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed decreased sucrose preference rate （P<0.01）， reduced horizontal and vertical scores in the open field test （P<0.01）， increased plasma content of CRH， ACTH， and CORT （P<0.01）， declining content of BDNF and 5-HT in the hippocampus （P<0.01）， dwindled mRNA and protein expression levels of TrKB， 5-HT1AR， and GR （P<0.01）， elevated mRNA and protein expression of MR （P<0.01）， and damaged hippocampal neurons revealed by HE staining. Compared with the model group， the groups with drug intervention showed increased sucrose preference rate （P<0.01） and horizontal and vertical scores in the open field test （P<0.05， P<0.01）， decreased content of plasma CRH， ACTH， and CORT （P<0.05， P<0.01）， elevated content of hippocampal BDNF and 5-HT （P<0.05， P<0.01）， elevated mRNA and protein expression levels of hippocampal TrKB， 5-HT1AR， and GR （P<0.05， P<0.01）， reduced mRNA and protein expression levels of hippocampal MR （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and recovered hippocampal neurons as revealed by HE staining.ConclusionSinisan can exert a significant antidepressant effect by increasing hippocampal BDNF and 5-HT content， up-regulating TrKB， 5-HT1AR， and GR mRNA and protein expression， down-regulating MR mRNA and protein expression， inhibiting HPA axis hypertrophy， and enhancing the regeneration and repair of hippocampal neurons.Keywords：Sinisan;depression;brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）;tyrosine kinase receptor B （TrKB）;hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis;glucocorticoid receptor （GR）;mineralocorticoid receptor （MR）268|143|8<HTML><H-PDF><L-PDF>Updated：2021-11-12
- Abstract：ObjectiveTo seed for stable time window of the integrated disease-syndrome animal model based on the counterevidence from Chinese medicinal prescriptions， and to verify syndrome stability and reliability.MethodA model of depression was established by exposing rats to chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS）， followed by body weight measurement， sugar water test， behavioral test， and brain 5-hydroxytryptamine（5-HT） detection. The identification of liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome was conducted after the equivalent transformation of human clinical symptoms into macroscopic representations of rats. Based on the dynamically collected macroscopic representation scale， Xiaoyaosan was used to reversely verify the stability and reliability of the integrated disease-syndrome animal model of depression due to liver depression and spleen deficiency.ResultThe sugar water consumption and the number of crossings and the total movement distance in the open field test of 16-week-old rats in the CUMS （eight weeks of CUMS） group were significantly lower than those in the normal group （P<0.05）. According to the immunohistochemical results， the 5-HT content in hippocampal area CA2 of rats in the CUMS group was also significantly lowered as compared with that in the normal group（P<0.05），which indicated that depression was successfully modeled. The liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome was present in 14-week-old rats （six weeks after CUMS）of the CUMS group， and the number of rats experiencing the liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome reached the peak in the 16th week （eight weeks after CUMS），accounting for 70% of the total number. Thereafter， the number decreased gradually. The syndrome scores of the 14-， 16-， 18-， 20-， and 22-week-old rats in the Xiaoyaosan group were reduced by 66.6%， 70.7%， 54.8%， 50.4%， and 44.8%， which were graded as effective， marked effective， effective， effective， and effective， respectively.ConclusionThe age of 14-16 weeks（six to eight weeks after CUMS） is considered the stable and reliable time window for depression due to liver depression and spleen deficiency.Keywords：counterevidence from Chinese medicinal prescription;integrated disease-syndrome;animal model;depression;liver depression and spleen deficiency118|104|13<HTML><H-PDF><L-PDF>Updated：2021-10-29
- Abstract：In view of the current controversy in the clinical evaluation of the terms of 'prohibition' 'contraindication'， and 'use with caution'， the present study summarized their evaluation elements to provide references for the classification of 'prohibition' 'contraindication'， and 'use with caution' and clinical rational medication of drugs. Based on the ancient and modern representative traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） literature， such as the records on herbal medicines and prescriptions， medical classics， pharmacopoeia， clinical monographs， and papers， this study proposed the evaluation elements and the underlying ideas of 'prohibition' 'contraindication'， and 'use with caution' around the risks and benefits of medication. The results indicate that the evaluation elements of 'prohibition' 'contraindication'， and 'use with caution' include TCM property，syndrome，symptom， TCM compatibility，dosage，and treatment course. When evaluating 'prohibition' 'contraindication'， and 'use with caution' of TCM under specific conditions of medication，we can determine the properties of prohibited or contraindicated drugs prior to figuring out the differences in 'prohibition' 'contraindication'， and 'use with caution'. It is feasible to evaluate the clinical 'prohibition' 'contraindication'， and 'use with caution' in TCM from Chinese medicine， body， and the clinical medication， which are correlated with each other in the practice implementation.Keywords：prohibiting，avoiding or using caution;element;traditional Chinese medicine;ancient and modern documents182|110|1<HTML><H-PDF><L-PDF>Updated：2021-10-21
- Abstract：ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of energy changes in the three stages of the formation of coronary heart disease due to blood stasis in rat model from the perspective of mitochondrial fusion-fission dynamic changes.MethodThirty healthy male rats were divided into the blank control group （n=6） and model group （n=24） using SPSS 21.0 simple random sampling method. The rats in the blank control group were fed an ordinary diet， while those in the model group a high-fat diet. After seven days of adaptive feeding， the rats were treated with intragastric administration of vitamin D3 （VitD3） at 300 000 U·kg-1 and then at 200 000 U·kg-1 14 d later. The high-fat diet continued for 21 d， and six rats were randomly selected as samples for the pre-stage blood stasis syndrome group， followed by model verification and sampling. The remaining rats continued to receive the high-fat diet for 30 d， and six were randomly selected and categorized into the sub-stage blood stasis syndrome group， followed by model verification and sampling. The rest of rats were classified into the heart blood stasis syndrome group. While continuing the high-fat diet， they were also treated with multipoint subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol （ISO，5 mg·kg-1） for three consecutive days. One week later， the electrocardiogram （ECG） was recorded for determining whether the modeling was successful and the samples were taken at the same time. The changes in mitochondrial morphology and quantity were observed under a transmission electron microscope. The expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins was measured by Western blot and the cellular localization of related proteins by immunofluorescence assay.ResultThe levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the pre-stage and sub-stage blood stasis syndrome groups were significantly increased as compared with those in the blank control group （P<0.05）. The blood rheology index in the pre-stage blood stasis syndrome group was significantly elevated in contrast to that in the blank control group （P<0.05）. The three-layered membrane of the aorta in the blank group was intact. However， the tunica media of the pre-stage blood stasis syndrome group began to show obvious calcification， with a small number of inflammatory cells adhering to the intima. The subintima and media smooth muscles in the sub-stage blood stasis syndrome group exhibited cavity structures. The three-layered structure of the arterial wall in the heart blood stasis syndrome group was severely damaged. The ECG of the blank control group revealed the regular appearance of P wave，regular QRS waveform （no broadening or deformity）， and no obvious ST-segment depression or elevation. The ECG of the pre-stage blood stasis syndrome group showed no obvious abnormalities as compared with that of the blank control group. In the sub-stage blood stasis syndrome group， the ECG showed an upward trend of the J point and slight ST-segment elevation， with the elevation≤0.1 mV. The ECG in the heart blood stasis syndrome group displayed significant ST-segment depression （>0.1 mV） and J point depression >0.1 mV. The mitochondria in the blank control group were normal in size and morphology， with clear and dense cristae， whereas those in the pre-stage blood stasis syndrome group were fusiform with sparse cristae. Some mitochondria in the sub-stage blood stasis syndrome group were significantly elongated， and even vacuole-like changes were present. In the heart blood stasis syndrome group， the mitochondria were ruptured. As demonstrated by comparison with the blank control group， the expression levels of mitofusin 2 （Mfn2）， dynamin-related protein 1 （Drp1）， and fission protein 1 （Fis1） in the model group were significantly up-regulated （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Compared with the pre-stage blood stasis syndrome group， the heart blood stasis syndrome group exhibited down-regulated Mfn2 （P<0.05）. Compared with the blank control group and the pre-stage blood stasis syndrome group， the sub-stage blood stasis syndrome group and the heart blood stasis syndrome group displayed down-regulated optic atrophy 1（OPA1） （P<0.05，P<0.01）. The Drp1 and Fis1 protein expression declined significantly in the sub-stage blood stasis syndrome group in comparison with that in the pre-stage blood stasis syndrome group （P<0.05，P<0.01）. The expression levels of Mfn2 and Drp1 in the heart blood stasis syndrome group were lower than those in the sub-stage blood stasis syndrome group （P<0.01）. The comparison with the blank control group showed that Mfn2 and OPA1 were extensively accumulated in mitochondria of both the pre-stage and sub-stage blood stasis syndrome groups， while the red-stained Mfn2 was significantly reduced in the heart blood stasis syndrome group. The Drp1/Fis1 fluorescence was weak in the blank group and the pre-stage blood stasis syndrome group but strong in the sub-stage blood stasis syndrome group and heart blood stasis syndrome group.ConclusionThe cardiomyocyte mitochondria dynamics changes with the change in energy demand of cardiomyocytes. Mfn2 is dominated by fusion effect in the early stage of the formation of coronary heart disease due to blood stasis. With the gradual development of this disease， Mfn2 begins to mediate mitochondrial autophagy. OPA1 plays a role in intimal fusion and cristae integrity. The decreased OPA1 expression is closely related to the accelerated progression of coronary heart disease differentiated into blood stasis syndrome. The process by which Drp1 and Fis1 separate damaged mitochondria to prepare for mitochondrial autophagy contributes to alleviating the imbalance between the energy demand and supply of human body.Keywords：mitochondrial dynamics;coronary heart disease due to blood stasis;mitofusin 2 （Mfn2）;optic atrophy 1（OPA1）;dynamin-related protein 1 （Drp1）;fission protein 1 （Fis1）;energy metabolism131|127|8<HTML><H-PDF><L-PDF>Updated：2021-10-14
- Abstract：In recent years， with the change in life style， social environment， and national childbearing policy， the proportion of high-risk pregnant women has increased significantly， triggering the spectrum of obstetric diseases to constantly change， which has brought new challenges to the diagnosis and treatment of obstetrics. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has been proved effective in dealing with a variety of obstetric diseases， and various treatment methods are available， which can serve as alternative means for solving refractory obstetric diseases. However， most obstetric clinicians are currently less aware of the therapeutic effects of TCM， which has significantly hindered its participation in clinical treatment. Therefore， the China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） organized the outstanding young obstetricians of TCM and western medicine to discuss 15 obstetric diseases responding specifically to TCM or integrated TCM and western medicine， including hyperemesis gravidarum， threatened abortion， ectopic gestation， cough during pregnancy， pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome， maternal-fetal ABO incompatibility， postpartum hypogalactia， residual pregnancy tissue in uterine cavity， puerperal infection， pantalgia after childbirth， hematoma/undesirable healing after caesarean section， postpartum urinary retention， ileus after cesarean section， pelvic floor dysfunction， and postnatal depression. The suggestions for their treatment with TCM or integrated TCM and western medicine were also proposed， aiming to provide patients with effective and personalized treatments in clinical practice and improve the diagnosis and treatment effects of obstetric diseases， thus benefiting the public. At the same time， more obstetrical clinicians are expected to understand the therapeutic effects and advantages of TCM and draw on the strengths of both TCM and western， thereby promoting the establishment of an obstetric diagnosis and treatment system with Chinese characteristics.Keywords：obstetrics;diseases responding specifically to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）;expert consensus200|147|10<HTML><H-PDF><L-PDF>Updated：2021-09-24
- Abstract：ObjectiveTo explore the correlations of the severity of heart failure related to coronary heart disease arising from Qi deficiency and blood stasis with cardiac function indexes， energy metabolism indexes， coagulation function indexes， and inflammatory factors， in order to provide a scientific basis for further research on the biological foundation of this disease.MethodTwo hundred patients with heart failure related to coronary heart disease of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome were collected and then classified into mild， moderate and severe groups according to their scores of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. Meanwhile， 40 healthy persons confirmed by physical examination during the same period were included into the control group. Such biological indexes as cardiac function indexes， energy metabolism indexes， coagulation function indexes， and inflammatory factors were determined in patients of each group for comparison. Then the Spearman rank correlation analysis was conducted to figure out the correlations between differential indexes and the severity of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome， followed by the determination of risk factors for the severity of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome by ordered logistic regression analysis.ResultThe cardiac function indexes， energy metabolism indexes， coagulation function indexes， and inflammatory factors in patients with heart failure related to coronary heart disease arising from Qi deficiency and blood stasis varied significantly. There were significant statistical differences in the levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide （NT-ProBNP）， 6-minute walk test （6MWT）， heart-type fatty acid-binging protein （H-FABP）， prothrombin time （PT）， activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， and nitric oxide （NO） among the mild， moderate， and severe groups （P<0.05）. The severity of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was positively correlated with NT-ProBNP （r=0.144）， PT （r=0.173）， and APTT （r=0.144）， but negatively with 6MWT （r=-0.287）. The 6MWT［odds ratio（OR）=0.995， 95% confidence interval（CI） 0.991-0.998），P<0.01］ and APTT（OR=1.088，95%CI 1.021-1.157，P<0.01） were independent risk factors affecting the severity of heart failure related to coronary heart disease arising from Qi deficiency and blood stasis.ConclusionThe severity of heart failure related to coronary heart disease of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome is closely related to NT-ProBNP， 6MWT， H-FABP， PT， APTT， TNF-α， and NO. Moreover， 6MWT and APTT can be used as independent risk factors to evaluate the severity of patients with heart failure related to coronary heart disease due to Qi deficiency and blood stasis.Keywords：coronary heart disease;heart failure;Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome;biological indexes;correlation157|119|6<HTML><H-PDF><L-PDF>Updated：2021-09-07
- Abstract：ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of particle size on density of binary powder mixture of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， and to provide reference for formulation design of TCM preparations.MethodThree groups of binary powder mixtures with different particle size ratio （α） were constructed， namely Oroxyli Semen-microcrystalline cellulose PH102 （MCC PH102） （α=0.071 7）， Stellariae Radix-MCC PH200 （α=0.158 7） and Angelicae Sinensis Radix-MCC KG802 （α=0.840 6）. Binary powder mixtures with nine mass ratios （90∶10， 80∶20， 70∶30， 60∶40， 50∶50， 40∶60， 30∶70， 20∶80 and 10∶90） were prepared for each group， and 27 binary powder mixtures containing TCM were obtained. The particle size distribution， density and other parameters of six single materials and 27 binary powder mixtures were characterized. Based on the packing theory and multivariate analysis， the effects of particle size related parameters on the filling structure and density of the binary powder mixtures were elucidated.ResultThe α of Angelicae Sinensis Radix-MCC KG802 binary mixture system was larger than the replacement rate （αr=0.741 0）， and its density had a good linear relationship with the mass ratio， which conformed to the replacement mechanism. The α of Oroxyli Semen-MCC PH102 binary mixture system was smaller than the critical ratio （αc=0.154 0）， and its density was nonlinear with the mass ratio of components， which conformed to the filling mechanism. The α of Stellariae Radix-MCC PH200 binary mixture system was between αc and αr， its density was affected by both of replacement mechanism and filling mechanism. Based on the partial least squares （PLS） model， the variable importance in the projection （VIP） analysis further proved that the mixing mass ratio （VIP value=1.62）， α （VIP value=1.13） and D10 （the corresponding particle size when the particle size distribution accumulated to 10%， VIP value=1.06） were the key factors affecting the density of binary powder mixtures of TCM.ConclusionIn the binary powder mixtures of TCM， the linearity relationship between density and mass ratio is largely depended on particle size difference of components.Keywords：particle size;binary powder mixture;density;particle size ratio;packing theory;filling structure;prescription design134|142|3<HTML><H-PDF><L-PDF>Updated：2021-08-18
- Abstract：ObjectiveTo compare the characteristics of four commonly adopted animal models of hyperuricemia （HUA） for traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） screening， so as to choose the adequate model for screening Chinese herbs and herbal compounds capable of lowering the uric acid.MethodFifty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into nine groups， namely the normal group， hypoxanthine （HX） + oxonic acid potassium salt （OAPS） model group， yeast extract （YE） + OAPS model group， low-dose adenine （AD） + ethambutol （EMB） model group， high-dose AD + EMB model group， and four positive drug allopurinol （Allo） groups. The modeling lasted for 14 d. The levels of serum uric acid （SUA）， urinary uric acid （UUA）， serum creatinine （SCr）， urea nitrogen （BUN）， kidney injury molecule 1 （KIM-1）， and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin （NGAL） were detected on the 3rd， 7th， and 14th days. Urine was collected on the 7th and 14th days to investigate changes in urine volume， and the crystals in the residual urine were observed under a polarizing microscope. After the modeling， the kidney was harvested and weighed， followed by pathological examination.ResultThe urine volumes in the HX + OAPS model group and high-dose AD + EMB model group were significantly reduced （P<0.05）. The renal indexes of each model group， except for the YE + OAPS model group， were significantly elevated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The increase in SUA of the HX + OAPS model group and YE + OAPS model group started later （P<0.05）. The KIM-1 and NGAL levels of the HX + OAPS model group rose significantly from the 7th day （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the BUN increased significantly on the 14th day （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the above-mentioned indicators in the YE + OAPS model group. The SUA levels of the low- and high-dose AD + EMB model groups increased significantly on the 3rd day （P<0.05， P<0.01）， with a persistent increase found in the low-dose AD + EMB model group. Besides， the increase in BUN， KIM-1， and NGAL occurred later （P<0.05， P<0.01）. By contrast， the high-dose AD + EMB model group exhibited a transient increase in SUA. Moreover， the SCr， BUN， KIM-1， and NGAL elevation occurred earlier and were more obvious than those in the low-dose AD + EMB model group （P<0.01）. Remarkable histomorphological abnormalities were detected in the kidney of all model groups， except for the YE+OAPS model group， with the most severe injury present in the high-dose AD+EMB model group.ConclusionThe four models commonly used to screen TCM have their own characteristics. In the four models， the SUA elevation in the HX + OAPS model group and YE + OAPS model group started later， with the mild renal injury observed in the HX + OAPS model group instead of the YE + OAPS model group. The SUA of the low-dose AD + EMB model group increased rapidly and lasted for a long time， accompanied by mild renal injury. The SUA of the high-dose AD + EMB model group only showed a transient increase， accompanied by severe renal injury. The investigation on the characteristics and application of different models and the evaluation of these models based on sensitive and objective indicators are helpful for determining the suitable model for the screening of TCM targeting HUA in the future.Keywords：hyperuricemia （HUA）;traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）;animal model;renal injury;urate crystals180|182|4<HTML><H-PDF><L-PDF>Updated：2021-07-28
